Mele Symphonic |
ʻO ke mele Symphonic kahi mele i manaʻo ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā symphonies. hoʻokani pila; ʻo ka wahi koʻikoʻi a waiwai nui o instr. nā mele, e uhi ana i nā hana nui ʻelua, piha i ka manaʻo paʻakikī a me ka manaʻo, a me nā mele liʻiliʻi. pāʻani. Symp. ʻO ka orchestra, kahi e hui pū ai i nā mea kani like ʻole, hāʻawi i ka mea nāna i hana i ke mele me ka palette momona o nā kala kani, hōʻike. kālā, manawa kūpono no ka hōʻike kiʻi. manaʻo.
Hana mele. prod. nui instr. hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā ensembles a me nā orchestras i ka wā kahiko a i ka Middle Ages, akā aia wale nō ma ka hopena o ka Renaissance instr. ua like ke mele me ka leo. Ma ke ʻano liʻiliʻi, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi papa mele kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ka polyphony kahi ʻano mea kani (ensemble-orchestral). Hoʻokumu ʻia nā mele no ka orchestra i ka launa pū ʻana me nā ʻano mele ʻē aʻe. art-va - me nā mele keʻena, ʻokena, choral, opera. Nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona 17 – 1st floor. Keneturi 18: hula. suite, ʻaha mele - ensemble-orchestral (e nānā i ka Concerto grosso), ma hope me ka solo (e nānā i ka Concerto), overture (symphony) o kahi ʻano operatic (ma ke ʻano he hoʻolauna mua i ka opera, ballet, a laila kūʻokoʻa). Nā ʻano like ʻole o ka suite o ke kenekulia 18: divertissement, serenade, nocturne, cassation. ʻO ka piʻi ikaika o ka symphony e pili ana i ka holomua o ka symphony, kona hoʻomohala ʻana ma ke ʻano he cyclic. ke ʻano o ka sonata a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka mele kahiko. ʻano hōʻailona. hoʻokani pila. Ma kēia ʻano, ua hana koʻikoʻi ke kula ʻo Mannheim a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kula kula ʻo Viennese. Ma ka hana a ka Viennese classics, pau ka hopena. ka palena ma waena o ka S. m. a ʻo ke mele o ke keʻena hui, he mele kahiko. tinas o kahi symphony (kahi pōʻai ʻehā ʻāpana), he concerto (kahi pōʻai ʻekolu ʻāpana), he overture (hoʻokahi hapa opus ma ke ʻano sonata). I ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā mana o ka symphony. hoʻokani pila; Ua hoʻonui ʻia kona haku mele ʻana, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā mea hana kahiko, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea hou. Ma muli o ka pilikia o ka orc. nā helu, ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kuleana o ke alakaʻi (e ʻike i ke alakaʻi). Hoʻomaka pinepine ʻia ka hui mele a me nā woks solo i ka symphony a me nā ʻano mea kani ʻē aʻe. koho. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka symphony. e hoomaka ana ma wok.-orc. haku mele (cantata, oratorio), opera and ballet. Ua loaʻa i ka Symphony ka mea nui. mele papahana: conc. overture i kekahi ʻāpana, symphony, lako me ka kukui. papahana, he mele mele a me nā ʻano e pili ana iā ia (kiʻi symphonic, symphonic fantasy, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), kahi papahana-type suite, i haku pinepine ʻia me nā helu o nā mele keaka (me ka ballet, opera), akā kūʻokoʻa pinepine. ʻO nā ʻano o S. m. komo pū kekahi symphonietta, symphony. nā ʻano like ʻole, fantasy (also overture) ma nar. nā kumuhana, rhapsody, kaʻao, capriccio, scherzo, potpourri, march, decomp. nā hula (me ke ʻano o ka pōʻai - symphonic dances), decomp. miniatures, etc. In conc. hōʻailona. repertoire pū kekahi orc. nā ʻāpana mai nā opera, ballets, dramas, plays, films.
S. m. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ke kenekulia 19 i kahi honua nui o nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo. Ua ʻike ʻia nā kumuhana o ka lehulehu. nā kani, nā ʻike hohonu loa, nā kiʻi o ke ʻano, ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka noʻonoʻo, nat. nā kiʻi, nā kiʻi o nā kiʻi spatial, poetry, folklore. ʻO ke kenekulia 20 SM, ua hoʻomohala i nā mea he nui o nā mele o ka wā i hala, ua hoʻokomo i kahi mea hou i loko o ka ʻike a me ke ʻano o ka hana, a hōʻike i nā kumu o ka Dec. nā hana aesthetic (impressionism, expressionism, etc.). ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o S. m. 20 kenekulia - nā mea kahiko o ka manawa hou. Hōʻailona maʻamau. ua mālama ʻia ka orkestra i ke mele o ke kenekulia 20. ka waiwai o ka mea maʻamau, akā ork ʻē aʻe. paʻakikī - hoʻonui ʻia i kahi super-orchestra, hoʻemi ʻia i kahi hui keʻena, nā haku mele ʻole. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka orchestra me nā timbres hou (ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mea uila), holomua ma ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa. ensemble ma ka pahu hookani pila. mea paahana. Ma kahi kūlike me nā mea kani i nā helu o nā symphonies. prod. ua hoʻomaka ka hīmeni ʻana a me ka hoʻokani pila. koho. ʻO nā ʻenehana haku mele o ka S. m. ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka jazz (ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo symphonic jazz). Hoʻoulu hou ʻia kekahi mau ʻano mele kahiko, no ka laʻana. ʻaha mele no ka hoʻokani pila. Nā manaʻo hou S. m. hāʻawi muses. moʻomeheu o ka poʻe ʻaʻole ʻEulopa.
I nā kenekulia 19 a me 20 i nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika i hoʻonui i ka nui o nā nat. Ua loaʻa i nā kula o S. o m., to-rye ka waiwai honua. Ua hōʻailona ʻia nā hana kiʻekiʻe iā Rus. kahiko a me nā pueo. S. m., e noho ana i kahi koʻikoʻi i nā mele honua. moʻomeheu. Pueo. S. m. uhi i ka hana hoʻomohala. nā hana a nā haku mele o nā hui a me ka mea kākau. repubalika. I nā pueo he nui Ma nā repubalika wale nō ma hope o 1917 i hana ai nā haku o S. m. puka mai. ʻano pueo. S. m. hōʻike i nā kiʻi a me nā manaʻo o ka wā hou, nā kaʻina hana o ke kipi. ka hoololi ana o ka lehulehu. Ua pili ka ulu ʻana o ka symphonism i ka ulu ʻana o ka opera a me ka ballet, a alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o ka wok-symphony. nā genres, i ka symphony o ke mele no ka ʻuhane. nā mea hoʻokani pila a me nā mea hoʻokani pila. ʻO ka moʻolelo kaulana loa o ka USSR i hāʻawi i ka hana. nā manaʻo o S. m. a alakaʻi i ka puka ʻana mai o kāna mau ʻano hou (e laʻa, symphonic mugham); hopena maikaʻi o nā kuʻuna aupuni a ma S. m. o na aina e.
E hoʻomaopopo ': ʻO Glebov Igor (Asafiev BV), nā mele symphonic Lūkini no 10 mau makahiki, "Music and Revolution", 1927, No 11; Nā mele symphonic Soviet. Sat. Art., M., 1955; Sollertinsky I., Historical types of symphonic dramaturgy, ma kāna puke: Musical and historical studies, L., 1956; Stupel A., Kūkākūkā e pili ana i nā mele symphonic, L., 1961; Popova T., Symphonic music, Moscow, 1963; No nā mea hoʻolohe i nā ʻaha mele symphony. Alakaʻi pōkole, M.-L., 1965, L., 1967; Konen V., Keaka a me ka Symphony …, M., 1968, 1975; Bobrovsky V., Symphonic music, ma ka puke: Music of the XX century, part 1, book. 1, M., 1976.
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