Bavarian State Orchestra (Bayerisches Staatsorchester) |

ʻO Bavarian State Orchestra

ʻO ka Bavarian State Orchestra (Bayerisches Staatsorchester), ʻo ia ka orkestra o ka Bavarian State Opera, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hui symphony kaulana loa ma ka honua a ʻo kekahi o nā mea kahiko loa ma Kelemānia. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kona mōʻaukala i ka makahiki 1523, i ka wā i lilo ai ka mea haku mele ʻo Ludwig Senfl i cantor no ka Hale Aha Hoʻokolokolo o ka Bavarian Duke Wilhelm ma Munich. ʻO Orlando di Lasso ke alakaʻi kaulana mua o ka hale pule hoʻokolokolo o Munich, nāna i hoʻokau i kēia kūlana ma 1563 i ka wā o Duke Albrecht V. I ka makahiki 1594, ua hoʻokumu ke duke i kahi kula hānai no nā keiki aloha mai nā ʻohana ʻilihune i mea e hoʻonaʻauao ai i nā ʻōpio. hanauna no ka hale pule hookolokolo. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o Lasso i ka makahiki 1594, ua lawe ʻo Johannes de Fossa i ke alakaʻi o ka Chapel.

I ka makahiki 1653, i ka wehe ʻana o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Munich hou, ua hoʻokani ka Capella Orchestra no ka manawa mua i ka opera L'Arpa festante a GB Mazzoni (ma mua o kēlā, ʻo nā mele halepule wale nō i loko o kāna repertoire). I ka makahiki 80 o ke kenekulia XNUMX, ua hoʻokani ʻia nā opera he nui a Agostino Steffani, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻokani o ka ʻaha a me ka "luna hoʻokele o ke keʻena mele" ma Munich, a me nā mea haku mele Italia ʻē aʻe, i hana ʻia i loko o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni hou me ke komo ʻana o ka orchestra.

E hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 1762, no ka manawa mua, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka manaʻo o ka orchestra ma ke ʻano he hui kūʻokoʻa i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Mai ka waena o nā makahiki 70 o ke kenekulia XVIII, hoʻomaka ka hana maʻamau o ka Aha Hoʻokolokolo, e hana ana i nā opera premieres ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a Andrea Bernasconi. Ua mahalo ʻia ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka orchestra e Mozart ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Idomeneo ma 1781. Ma 1778, me ka hiki ʻana mai i ka mana ma Munich o ka mea koho Mannheim ʻo Karl Theodor, ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka orchestra me nā virtuosos kaulana o ke kula Mannheim. I ka makahiki 1811, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Academy of Music, kahi i hui pū ʻia ai nā lālā o ka Court Orchestra. Mai ia manawa, hoʻomaka ka orchestra e komo i nā hana opera wale nō, akā i nā ʻaha mele symphony. I kēlā makahiki hoʻokahi, ua kau ʻo King Max I i ka pōhaku kumu no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka National Theatre, i wehe ʻia ma ʻOkakopa 12, 1818.

I ka wā e noho aliʻi ana ʻo King Max I, ʻo nā hana o ka ʻaha hoʻokani pila e like me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā mele halepule, keaka, keʻena a me nā mele leʻaleʻa. Ma lalo o ke Aliʻi Ludwig I i ka makahiki 1836, ua loaʻa i ka orchestra kāna alakaʻi alakaʻi mua (General Music Director), ʻo Franz Lachner.

I ka wā o ka Mōʻī Ludwig II, pili loa ka mōʻaukala o ka Bavarian Orchestra me ka inoa ʻo Richard Wagner. Ma waena o ka makahiki 1865 a me 1870, ua hoʻomaka mua ʻia kāna mau keaka ʻo Tristan und Isolde, Die Meistersingers o Nuremberg (ke alakaʻi ʻo Hans von Bülow), ʻo Rheingold a me Valkyrie (ka mea hoʻokele ʻo Franz Wüllner).

Ma waena o nā elite alakaʻi o ke kenekulia i hala a me ka hapa ʻaʻohe mea hoʻokani pila i hoʻokani ʻole me ka orchestra o ka Bavarian State Opera. Ma hope o Franz Lachner, nāna i alakaʻi i ka hui a hiki i 1867, ua alakaʻi ʻia e Hans von Bülow, Hermann Levy, Richard Strauss, Felix Mottl, Bruno Walter, Hans Knappertsbusch, Clemens Kraus, Georg Solti, Ferenc Frichai, Josef Keilbert, Wolfgang Sawallisch a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. alakaʻi kaulana .

Mai 1998 a i 2006, ʻo Zubin Mehta ke alakaʻi alakaʻi o ka orchestra, a hoʻomaka mai ka manawa 2006-2007, ua lawe ʻo ke alakaʻi ʻAmelika koʻikoʻi ʻo Kent Nagano i alakaʻi. Ua hoʻomaka kāna hana ma ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Munich me nā hana mua o ka mono-opera a ka mea haku mele Kelemania i kēia manawa ʻo W. Rim Das Gehege a me R. Strauss's opera Salome. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua alakaʻi ka maestro i nā hana nui o ka hale keaka honua e like me Mozart's Idomeneo, Mussorgsky's Khovanshchina, Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin, Wagner's Lohengrin, Parsifal and Tristan and Isolde, Electra and Ariadne auf Naxos » R. Straussstein's Berg's Berg's Berg. , ʻO Billy Budd a Britten, nā mea hoʻokani mua o nā keaka ʻO Alice ma ka ʻĀina Kamahaʻo na Unsuk Chin a me ke Aloha, Aloha wale nō na Minas Borbudakis.

Ua komo ʻo Kent Nagano i ka Summer Opera Festival kaulana ma Munich, hoʻokani mau me ka Bavarian State Orchestra i nā ʻaha mele symphony (i kēia manawa, ʻo ka Bavarian State Orchestra ka mea hoʻokahi ma Munich e komo pū ana i nā hana keaka a me nā ʻaha mele symphony). Ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka maestro Nagano, hana ka hui ma nā kūlanakauhale o Kelemānia, Austria, Hungary, komo i nā papahana internship a me ka hoʻonaʻauao. ʻO nā laʻana o kēia ka Opera Studio, ka Orchestra Academy, a me ka ATTACCA Youth Orchestra.

Ke hoʻomau nei ʻo Kent Nagano i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka discography waiwai o ka hui. Ma waena o nā hana hou loa, ʻo ia nā hoʻopaʻa wikiō o ka opera Alice in Wonderland a me Idomeneo, a me kahi CD leo me Bruckner's Fourth Symphony i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma SONY Classical.

Ma kahi o kāna mau hana nui ma ka Bavarian Opera, ʻo Kent Nagano ka Luna Hoʻokele Artistic o ka Montreal Symphony Orchestra mai 2006.

I ka makahiki 2009-2010, hōʻike ʻo Kent Nagano i nā keaka ʻo Don Giovanni na Mozart, Tannhauser na Wagner, Dialogues of the Carmelites na Poulenc a me The Silent Woman na R. Strauss.

Source: Moscow Philharmonic pūnaewele