Kalena mele – ʻAukake

ʻO ʻAukake ka hopena o ke kauwela. ʻAʻole waiwai kēia mahina i nā hanana mele, hoʻomaha nā hui keaka mai nā huakaʻi, a ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā mea mua ma nā kahua keaka. Eia naʻe, hāʻawi ʻo ia i ka honua i nā mea kaulana i haʻalele i kā lākou hōʻailona ma ke mele. Aia ma waena o lākou nā haku mele ʻo A. Glazunov, A. Alyabyev, A. Salieri, K. Debussy, nā leo mele M. Bieshu, A. Pirogov, alakaʻi V. Fedoseev.

Nā aliʻi o nā kaula o ka ʻuhane

10 ʻAukake 1865 makahiki hele mai ka haku mele i ke ao nei ʻO Alexander Glazunov. He hoaaloha o Borodin, ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i nā hana i pau ʻole a ka haku mai ka hoʻomanaʻo. Ma ke ʻano he kumu, ua kākoʻo ʻo Glazunov i ka ʻōpio Shostakovich i ka wā o ka luku ʻana ma hope o ke kipi. Ma kāna hana, ʻike maopopo ʻia ka pilina ma waena o nā mele Lūkini o ke kenekulia XNUMX a me nā mele Soviet hou. He ikaika ka ʻuhane o ka haku mele, hanohano ma ka pilina me nā hoaaloha a me nā hoa paio, ʻo kona manaʻo a me kona hoihoi, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka manaʻo like, nā haumāna, a me nā mea hoʻolohe iā ia. Ma waena o nā hana maikaʻi loa a Glazunov he symphonies, ka mele symphonic "Stenka Razin", ka ballet "Raymonda".

Ma waena o nā haku mele, aia kekahi poʻe i lilo i mea mahalo i hoʻokahi haku mele. ʻO ia, no ka laʻana, hānau ʻia ʻAukake 15, 1787 Alexander Alyabyev - ka mea kākau o ka mele kaulana a aloha ʻia e nā miliona miliona "Nightingale". Hoʻokaniʻia ke aloha ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, aia kahi hoʻonohonoho no nā mea kani a me nā hui.

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hopena o ka mea haku mele. I ka wā o ke kaua o 1812, ua hāʻawi manawaleʻa ʻo ia no ke alo, i kaua i ka regiment kaao o Denis Davydov, ua ʻeha, hāʻawi ʻia i ka mekala a me nā kauoha ʻelua. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ke kaua, ua pepehi ʻia kona hale. Ua hoʻāhewa ʻia ʻo ia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi hōʻike pololei. Ma hope o kahi hoʻokolokolo 3 makahiki, ua hoʻouna ʻia ka mea haku mele i ke pio no nā makahiki he nui.

Ma waho aʻe o ke aloha "The Nightingale", ua waiho ʻo Alyabyev i kahi hoʻoilina nui - ʻo ia nā opera 6, nā hana leo o nā ʻano like ʻole, nā mele kapu.

18 ʻAukake 1750 makahiki ua hānau ʻia ka Italia kaulana Antonio Salieri haku mele, kumu, alakai. Ua waiho ʻo ia i kahi hōʻailona ma ka hopena o nā mea mele he nui, ʻo ia ka mea kaulana loa ʻo Mozart, Beethoven a me Schubert. He ʻelele o ke kula ʻo Gluck, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i ka haku kiʻekiʻe loa ma ke ʻano opera-seria, e uhi ana i nā mea haku mele o kona manawa. No ka manawa lōʻihi, aia ʻo ia ma ka epicenter o ke ola mele o Vienna, ua hana ʻo ia i nā hana hoʻokani, alakaʻi i ka Society of Musicians, hoʻohana i ka mana ma luna o ka hoʻonaʻauao mele ma nā keʻena mokuʻāina o ke kapikala Austrian.

20 ʻAukake 1561 makahiki hele mai i ke ao nei ʻO Jacopo Peri, ka mea haku mele Florentine, ka mea kākau o ka opera mua mua i iho mai iā mākou - "Eurydice". ʻO ka mea mahalo, ua kaulana ʻo Peri iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he ʻelele o kahi ʻano hana hou a ma ke ʻano he mele, ua hana ʻo ia i ke kikowaena o Orpheus i kāna hana ʻana. A ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka lanakila ma hope o ka mea haku mele, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka mōʻaukala o ka opera.

22 ʻAukake 1862 makahiki Ua hānau ʻia kahi haku mele, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ka makuakāne o ke mele o ke kenekulia XNUMX - ʻO Claude Debussy. Ua'ōleloʻo ia e ho'āʻo anaʻo ia eʻimi i nā mea hou no ke mele, aʻo ka poʻe i kapa i ke kuhikuhi o kāna hana impressionism he naʻaupō.

Ua manaʻo ka mea haku mele he kani, tonality, chord ma ke ʻano he nui kūʻokoʻa i hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i loko o nā harmonies multicolored, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia e nā kuʻina a me nā lula. Hōʻike ʻia e ke aloha i ka ʻāina, ka ea, ka wai o nā ʻano, elusiveness o nā aka. Ua hana ʻo Debussy i ka hapa nui o nā mea āpau ma ke ʻano o ka papahana papahana, ʻo ka piano a me ka orchestral. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa i waena o lākou ʻo "Sea", "Nocturnes", "Prints", "Bergamas Suite"

Papa Maestro

3 ʻAukake 1935 makahiki ma ka hema o Moldova i hanau ai Maria Bieshu ʻOpera a me ke keʻena soprano. ʻIke ʻia kona leo mai nā leo mua a loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻohui maoli ia i ka leo o nā "lalo" kani piha, ʻālohilohi "luna" a me kahi papa inoa waena o ka umauma vibrating.

Loaʻa i kāna hōʻiliʻili nā makana kiʻi kiʻekiʻe a me nā poʻo inoa, ka kūleʻa ma nā kahua opera poʻokela o ka honua, nā lanakila i nā hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū hanohano. ʻO kāna mau hana maikaʻi loa ʻo Cio-Cio-San, Aida, Tosca, Tatyana.

4 ʻAukake 1899 makahiki hānau ʻia ma Ryazan ʻO Alexander Pirogov, Rūkini Soviet mele-bass. ʻO ka lima o ke keiki i loko o kaʻohana, ua liloʻo ia i mea akamai loa,ʻoiai ua hoʻomakaʻo ia e hīmeni i ka makahiki 16. I ka manawa like me ka mele, ua loaʻaʻo Alexander i ka hoʻonaʻauao mōʻaukala a me ka philological. Ma hope o ka puka ʻana, ua hana ka mea mele ma nā hui keaka like ʻole a hiki i kona komo ʻana i ka Bolshoi Theatre ma 1924.

I loko o nā makahiki o kāna lawelawe, ua hana ʻo Pirogov i nā ʻāpana bass kaulana a pau, a ua komo pū i nā hana o nā hana opera Soviet hou. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mele keʻena, ka mea hoʻokani i nā mele Lūkini a me nā mele mele.

5 ʻAukake 1932 makahiki Ua hele mai kahi alakaʻi koʻikoʻi o ko mākou manawa i ka honua ʻO Vladimir Fedoseev. Ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi, ua kapa ʻia ka Grand Symphony Orchestra. Ua kaulana ʻo Tchaikovsky ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. I ka huli ʻana o nā kenekulia 2000-XNUMXst, ʻo Fedoseev he alakaʻi o ka Vienna Orchestra, i ka XNUMXs he alakaʻi malihini ʻo ia o ka Zurich Opera House a me ka Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra. Kāhea mau ʻia ʻo ia e hana pū me nā poʻokela o ka honua.

Mahalo nui ʻia kāna hana ma nā hana opera, ʻo nā hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā hana a nā symphonists maikaʻi - Mahler, Tchaikovsky, Brahms, Taneyev, nā operas na Dargomyzhsky, Rimsky-Korsakov i hoʻopuehu ʻia i nā hōʻiliʻili o nā mea aloha mele. Ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā symphonies 9 Beethoven.

Nā hanana hoihoi i ke ao mele

Ma ʻAukake 3, 1778, ua wehe ʻia ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo La Scala me ka hoʻokani ʻana i nā opera 2 i kākau ʻia no kēia hanana (ʻo kekahi o lākou ʻo "Recognized Europe" na A. Salieri).

Ma ka lā 9 o ʻAukake, 1942, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mele mele "Leningrad" a D. Shostakovich i hoʻopuni ʻia ma Leningrad. ʻO nā mea hoʻokani pila a pau ma laila,ʻaʻole nāʻoihana wale nō, akā, nā poʻe amateurs, ua kāheaʻia e hoʻokani. Nui nā mea hoʻokani i hiki ʻole ke pāʻani a ua hoʻokomo ʻia i ka haukapila no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka meaʻai. I ka lā o ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hoʻokau nā pūʻali koa a pau o ke kūlanakauhale i ke ahi nui ma nā kūlana o ka ʻenemi, i ʻole hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka ʻahamele ma ka lekiō a lohe ʻia e ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

ʻO Claude Debussy – Māmā

Mea kākau – Victoria Denisova