ʻOi, pālahalaha a me ka bekar - nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke mele

I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka ʻoi, pālahalaha a me ka bekar, a me nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke mele ma ke ʻano nui, a me ke ʻano o kēia huaʻōlelo "hoʻololi" ma ke ʻano ākea.

E hoʻomaka kākou me ka wehewehe pōkole loa o nā mea a pau, a laila e hoʻomaopopo pono kākou. E hoʻomaka kākou me kā mākou nīnau hope, ʻo ia hoʻi – He aha ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke mele? He huaʻōlelo Latin kēia nona ke kumu "ALTER", hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kona manaʻo inā hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe i kekahi mau huaʻōlelo me ke kumu hoʻokahi. Eia kekahi laʻana, aia kekahi hua'ōlelo e like me "alternative" (kekahi a i ʻole ka hoʻoholo ʻana e koho mai), aia kekahi ʻōlelo i loko o ka psychology e like me "alter ego" (ʻo aʻe wau). No laila, ma ka Latin ALTER ʻo ia hoʻi "ANOTHER". ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻike mau ʻia kēia huaʻōlelo i ke ola ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole o kahi hanana a mea paha, a i ʻole kekahi ʻano loli.

Ma ke mele, ʻo ALTERATION ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻanuʻu kumu (ʻo ia hoʻi, he hoʻololi i nā memo maʻamau DO RE MI FA SOLD LA SI). Pehea ʻoe e hoʻololi ai iā lākou? Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokiʻekiʻe a hoʻohaʻahaʻa paha iā lākou. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā mana hou o kēia mau ʻanuʻu mele (derivative step). ʻO nā memo kiʻekiʻe ua kapa ʻia ʻo DIESES, a ʻo nā mea haʻahaʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo BEMOLS.

Hoailona Hoololi

E like me kā mākou i ʻike mua ai, hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā leo NOTES, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hōʻailona kiʻi. A no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā memo nui i nā octaves ʻokoʻa, hoʻohana ʻia ke koʻokoʻo, nā kī, nā lula. A no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā memo i hoʻololi ʻia, aia kekahi mau hōʻailona - ALTERATION SIGNS: sharp, flat, bekars, double sharp and double flat.

hōʻailona DIEZ e like me ka grille ma ke kī kelepona a i ʻole, inā makemake ʻoe, e like me kahi alapiʻi liʻiliʻi, haʻi ia iā mākou e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka memo. ʻO ka inoa o kēia hōʻailona mai ka huaʻōlelo Helene "diea".

Hoailona BEMOL hōʻailona iā mākou e pili ana i kahi memo i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia, ʻano like ia me ka leka Pelekane a i ʻole ka Latin i paʻi ʻia "bh" (b), ʻo ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa wale nō o kēia leka ke kuhikuhi ʻia (e like me kahi droplet inverted). ʻO Flat he huaʻōlelo Palani, ʻoiai me ka huaʻōlelo Latin. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka huaʻōlelo e nā mea maʻalahi loa: ʻo "be" ka huaʻōlelo "be" (b), a ʻo "mole" ʻo ia hoʻi "māmā", ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka palahalaha he "soft b" wale nō.

hōʻailona BEKAR - he hōʻailona hoihoi loa, hoʻopau ia i ka hopena o nā palahalaha a me nā koi a ʻōlelo ʻoe pono ʻoe e pāʻani i kahi leka maʻamau, ʻaʻole i hoʻokiʻekiʻe a hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia. Ma ke kākau ʻana, he kihi liʻiliʻi ka bekar, ua like ia me ka helu 4, ua pani wale ʻia ma luna ʻaʻole me kahi huinakolu, akā me kahi huinahā, a ʻo ia hoʻi me ka huaʻōlelo "bh" (b), "hāhā" wale nō. me ka hahau ana ilalo. No Palani ka inoa "bekar" a unuhi ʻia ʻo "square bae".

hōʻailona DOUBLE-DIEZ, aia hoʻokahi, hoʻohana ʻia e pāpālua i ka memo, he keʻa diagonal (kokoke like me kā lākou kākau ʻana i ka wā e pāʻani ai i ka tic-tac-toe), me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i hoʻolōʻihi ʻia.

Hoailona DOUBLE-BEMOL, e pili ana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa pālua o ka memo, ʻo ke kumumanaʻo o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kēia hōʻailona ua like ia me ka leka Pelekane W (pālua V), ʻaʻole ia he hoʻokahi, akā ua kau ʻia nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.

Pehea e hoʻololi ai ka ʻoi a me ka papa i nā memo?

E hoʻomaka kākou me kēia nānā. ʻO ka mea nāna e nānā i ka piano piano e ʻike ʻo ia he mau kī keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele. A me nā kī keʻokeʻo, maopopo nā mea a pau, aia ma luna o lākou e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pāʻani i nā memo maʻamau o DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka memo DO ma ka piano, alakaʻi ʻia mākou e nā kī ʻeleʻele: aia ʻelua mau kī ʻeleʻele, ma ka hema o lākou ka memo DO, a me nā memo ʻē aʻe a pau mai DO i ka lālani. Inā ʻaʻole maopopo ʻoe i nā kī piano, paipai mākou iā ʻoe e aʻo i ka mea "Ka wahi o nā memo ma ka piano".

A he aha nā ʻeleʻele no ia manawa? No ka hoʻonohonoho wale ʻana i ka lewa? Akā, ma luna o nā meaʻeleʻele, hoʻokaniʻia nā mea i kapaʻia heʻoi a me ka palahalaha - nā memo kiʻekiʻe a me nā haʻahaʻa. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui ma hope, akā i kēia manawa pono mākou e noʻonoʻo i ke kumu. Hoʻokiʻekiʻe a hoʻohaʻahaʻa paha nā memo ʻoi a me nā papa ma ka HALF TONE. He aha ke ʻano o kēia a he aha ka semitone?

ʻO ka semitone ka mamao liʻiliʻi loa ma waena o nā leo ʻelua. A ma kahi papa piano, ʻo ka semitone ka mamao mai kahi kī i ka hoalauna kokoke loa. A maʻaneʻi e mālamaʻia nā kī keʻokeʻo a me nāʻeleʻele - me kaʻole o nā āpau.

Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Halftones ke piʻi mākou mai kahi kī keʻokeʻo i kahi ʻeleʻele e hiki mai ana, a i ʻole, i ka wā ʻē aʻe, iho mākou mai kahi ʻeleʻele a i kahi keʻokeʻo kokoke loa. A aia kekahi semitones ma waena o nā kī keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole ma waena o nā kani MI a me FA, a me SI a me DO. E nānā pono i kēia mau kī - ʻaʻohe kī ʻeleʻele ma waena o lākou, ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ia ka mea pili loa i kekahi i kekahi a aia kekahi mamao semitone ma waena o lākou. Manaʻo mākou e hoʻomanaʻo ʻoe i kēia mau semitone ʻokoʻa ʻelua (MI-FA a me SI-DO), hiki mai lākou ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa.

ʻOi a palahalaha ma ka papa piano

Inā hoʻokiʻekiʻe ka ʻoi i kahi memo ma kahi semitone (a i ʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo ma ka hapalua o ka leo), a laila ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka wā e pāʻani ai mākou i kahi ʻoi ma ka piano, pono mākou e lawe i kahi memo i kahi semitone kiʻekiʻe (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoalauna nui. ). No ka laʻana, inā makemake mākou e pāʻani i ka C-SHARP, a laila hoʻokani mākou i ke kī ʻeleʻele kokoke loa mai DO, aia ma ka ʻākau o ka DO keʻokeʻo (ʻo ia hoʻi, lawe mākou i ka semitone i luna). Inā pono ʻoe e pāʻani iā ​​D-SHARP, a laila hana like mākou: pāʻani mākou i ke kī aʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe e kahi semitone (ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻākau o ka RE keʻokeʻo).

Akā, pehea inā ʻaʻohe kī ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau? E hoʻomanaʻo i kā mākou mau leo ​​keʻokeʻo MI-FA a me SI-DO. Pehea e pāʻani ai i ka MI-DIEZ inā ʻaʻohe kī ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻākau o ia ma ke ala i luna, a pehea e pāʻani ai iā SI-DIEZ, nona ka moʻolelo like? A ʻo nā mea a pau e like me ke kānāwai hoʻokahi - lawe mākou i kahi leka ma ka ʻākau (ʻo ia hoʻi, i luna), ʻo ia ka semitone kiʻekiʻe. ʻAe, ʻaʻole ʻeleʻele, akā keʻokeʻo. Eia kekahi, kōkua nā kī keʻokeʻo i kekahi i kekahi ma ʻaneʻi.

E nānā i ke kiʻi, eia ma nā kī piano ua pūlima ʻia nā ʻoi a pau i loko o ka octave:

A no nā pā hale, manaʻo paha ʻoe iā ʻoe iho. No ka pāʻani ʻana i kahi pālahalaha ma ka piano, pono ʻoe e lawe i ke kī i kahi semitone haʻahaʻa (ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ke ala i lalo - ma ka hema). No ka laʻana, inā pono ʻoe e pāʻani RE-BEMOL, a laila e lawe i ke kī ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka RE keʻokeʻo, inā ʻo MI-BEMOL, a laila ma ka hema o ka MI keʻokeʻo. A, ʻoiaʻiʻo, i nā halftones keʻokeʻo, kōkua hou nā memo i kekahi i kekahi: FA-BEMOL coincides me ke kī MI, a me DO-BEMOL - me SI.

Ke hōʻike nei ke kiʻi i nā papa āpau ma nā kī piano:

Pehea e pili ana i nā ʻoi pālua a me nā papa pālua?

A ʻo ka ʻoi ʻelua a me ka papalua - piʻi pālua a hāʻule ʻelua, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e hoʻololi i ka memo e ʻelua semitones i ka manawa hoʻokahi. ʻElua mau semitone ʻelua hapa o ka leo. Inā hoʻohui ʻoe i ʻelua hapa o kekahi mea, a laila loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mea hoʻokahi. Inā hoʻohui ʻoe i ʻelua semitones, loaʻa iā ʻoe hoʻokahi leo holoʻokoʻa.

No laila, ʻike ʻia ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻo DOUBLE-DIEZ i ka memo ma kahi leo holoʻokoʻa i ka manawa hoʻokahi, a ʻo DOUBLE-BEMOLE e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka memo ma kahi leo holoʻokoʻa. A i ʻole ʻelua semitones inā makemake ʻoe.

Pehea e ʻōlelo ai a pehea e kākau ai?

RULA #1. Eia mākou a pau: DO-DIEZ, RE-DIEZ, MI-BEMOLE, LA-BEMOLE. Akā, pono ʻoe e kākau i nā memo ma ke ʻano ʻokoʻa, ʻokoʻa - DIEZ-DO, DIEZ-RE, BEMOLE-MI, BEMOLE-LA. ʻO ia hoʻi, kau ʻia kahi hōʻailona ʻoi a pālahalaha paha i mua o ka memo ma mua, e like me ka hōʻailona hōʻailona no ka mea kaʻa. Ua lōʻihi loa ke kau ʻana i kahi pāpaʻi a ʻoi paha ma hope o kahi memo, no ka mea, ua pāʻani mua ʻia kahi leka keʻokeʻo, no ka mea ua lilo ia i mea wahaheʻe. No laila, pono e kākau i ka hōʻailona makemake ma mua o ka memo.

RULA #2. Pono e kau ʻia kēlā me kēia hōʻailona ma luna o ka lula hoʻokahi kahi i kākau ʻia ai ka memo ponoʻī. ʻO ia hoʻi, e pili ana ka hōʻailona ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka memo, ua like ia me ke kiaʻi kiaʻi. Akā, ʻo nā ʻoi a me nā palahalaha, i kākau ʻia ma luna o nā aliʻi hewa ʻole a lele paha ma kahi o ka lewa, he hewa.

ʻO nā kī kī a me nā ʻoi a me nā papa

ʻElua ʻano o nā ʻoi a me nā palahalaha, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻololi ʻana: KEY a me RANDOM. He aha ka ʻokoʻa? ʻO ka mea mua, e pili ana i nā hōʻailona maʻamau. Maanei e maopopo ai na mea a pau ma ka inoa. ʻO nā mea maʻamau ka mea i loaʻa i loko o ka kikokikona mele ma ka manawa kūpono, e like me ka halo i loko o ka ululāʻau. Hoʻokani ʻia ka ʻoi a i ʻole ka palahalaha ma ke ana mele kahi āu i loaʻa ai, a ma ke ana aʻe, hoʻokani ʻia ka memo keʻokeʻo maʻamau.

ʻO nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia nā ʻoi a me nā papa i hōʻike ʻia ma kahi kauoha kūikawā ma kahi kokoke i ka treble a i ʻole ka bass clef. ʻO ia mau hōʻailona, ​​inā he, kau ʻia (hoʻomanaʻo ʻia) ma kēlā me kēia laina memo. A he hopena koʻikoʻi ko lākou: hoʻokani ʻia nā memo a pau i kahakaha ʻia me nā ʻoi a i ʻole nā ​​​​palapala ma ke kī ma ke ʻano he ʻoi a paʻa paha a hiki i ka hopena o ka ʻāpana mele.

No ka laʻana, inā ma hope o ka treble clef aia ʻelua mau memo ʻoi - FA a me DO, a laila ma nā wahi a mākou e ʻike ai i nā memo FA a me DO, e pāʻani mākou iā lākou me ka ʻoi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia kēia mau koi e nā kua maʻamau, akā ʻo kēia, e like me kāu i ʻike mua ai, hoʻokahi wale nō manawa, a laila hoʻokani hou ʻia lākou e like me nā koi.

A i ʻole kekahi laʻana. Ma hope o ka clef bass he ʻehā mau papa - SI, MI, LA a me RE. He aha kā mākou e hana ai? Pololei, ma nā wahi a pau a mākou e ʻike ai i kēia mau memo, pāʻani paʻa mākou iā lākou. ʻO ia ka naʻauao.

ʻO ke kauoha ʻoi a me ke ʻano pālahalaha

Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole kau ʻia nā hōʻailona kī ma hope o ke kī ma ke ʻano, akā mau i kahi kauoha paʻa. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo kēlā me kēia mea hoʻokani pila i kēia mau kauoha a ʻike mau iā lākou. ʻO ke kauoha o nā ʻoi: FA DO SOL RE LA MI SI. A ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā papa he ʻano like ia o nā ʻoi, he topsy-turvy wale nō: SI MI LA RE SOL DO FA.

ʻO ia hoʻi, inā ʻekolu ʻoi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kī, ʻo ia ka FA, DO a me ka SALT - ʻo ka ʻekolu mua ma ka hoʻonohonoho, inā ʻelima, a laila FA, DO, SALT, RE a me LA (ʻelima ʻoi i ka hoʻonohonoho, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka hoomaka ana). Inā ma hope o ke kī e ʻike mākou i ʻelua mau papa, a laila ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ia nā papa SI a me MI. Maopopo iā ʻoe ke kumu?

A i kēia manawa hoʻokahi mea nui. ʻO ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole wale i kahi kauoha, akā i nā manawa a pau ma nā luna hoʻokahi. Ma ke kiʻi e hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei, e ʻike ʻoe i ke kūlana kūpono ma ke koʻokoʻo o nā ʻokiʻoki ʻehiku a me nā papa ʻehiku i ka treble a me ka clef bass. E nānā a hoʻopaʻanaʻau, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi - e kākau hou i nā manawa he nui i kāu puke mele. E hoʻopaʻa i kou lima, e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei.

ʻO ka koho ʻana i nā ʻoi a me nā papa ma ka ʻōnaehana leka

Ua lohe mua paha ʻoe aia kahi ʻōnaehana o nā leo leka. Wahi a kēia ʻōnaehana, ua kākau ʻia nā memo ma nā leka o ka pīʻāpā Latin: C, D, E, F, G, A, H. ʻEhiku mau leka e pili ana i ʻehiku mau memo DO RE MI FA SOL LA a me SI. Akā no ka koho ʻana i nā memo i hoʻololi ʻia, ma kahi o nā huaʻōlelo ʻoi a palahalaha, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā suffixes IS (koi) a me ES (flat) i nā leka. Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia a me nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻokoʻa i nā lula i loko o ka ʻatikala "Letter designation of memo".

A i kēia manawa - kahi hoʻoikaika mele. I mea e hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi ai i ke ʻano o ka sharp, flat a me ka bekar a he aha ko lākou ikaika, me nā kāne mai ka hui "Fidgets", e aʻo i ke mele a L. Abelian mai ka ʻohi "Funny Solfeggio" e pili ana i kēia mau hōʻailona (e nānā i ke wikiō).