Sheng: wehewehe mea kani, haku mele, mōʻaukala, kani

ʻO ka sheng mea kani i manaʻo ʻia e ka poʻe loea mele ka progenitor o ka harmonium a me ka accordion. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i kaulana a kaulana hoʻi ma ka honua e like me kāna "ʻohana i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia", akā pono nō hoʻi ʻo ia e nānā ʻia, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā mea hoʻokani pila i makemake i nā kiʻi ʻōiwi.

Hōʻike o ka mea hana

ʻO ka waha waha Pākē - ua kapa ʻia kēia mea kani makani mai ke Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa, he mea ʻano like ʻole me kahi blaster ākea ākea mai nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻepekema. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka honua maoli nō ia, ʻo ka poʻe Kina i hana i nā kino mea kani mai nā ipu, a ʻo nā paipu like ʻole i hana ʻia i ka ʻohe, ua like lākou me nā mea i loaʻa ma ka hale pule ʻEulopa. No laila, aia kēia mea kani ʻokoʻa i ka pūʻulu o nā aerophones - nā mea hana i hana ʻia nā leo e ka haʻalulu o ke kolamu ea.

Hiki ke nui ka nui o ka sheng - 80 kenimika mai ke kumu, waena - 43 kenimika, liʻiliʻi - 40 kenimika.

Device

ʻO Sheng (sheng, sheng) he kino lāʻau a metala paha, nā paipu me nā ʻohe keleawe, kahi paipu lālā (waha waha) kahi e puhi ai ka mea hoʻokani. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā paipu i loko o ke kino, he mau puka kēlā me kēia, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā manamana lima e hāʻawi i ke kani i kekahi leo. Inā pani ʻoe i kekahi mau puka i ka manawa hoʻokahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi leo chord. Aia nā ʻoki longitudinal ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o nā paipu i hiki ai ka haʻalulu o ka ea i loko me ka resonance me ka ʻohe, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ke kani.

Hana ʻia nā paipu i nā lōʻihi like ʻole, pono e hoʻonohonoho ʻia i nā pālua a no laila e hāʻawi i ka sheng i kahi ʻano nani symmetrical. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole pili lākou a pau i ka hana, ʻo kahi hapa liʻiliʻi he mea hoʻonaninani. He ʻumikūmālua ʻanuʻu ʻo Sheng, a ʻo ka laulā e pili ana i ka huina o nā paipu a me ko lākou nui.

mō'aukala

I ka wā i haku ʻia ai ka sheng, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Sinologist ʻoi loa ke ʻōlelo me ka pololei. Hiki i kekahi ke manaʻo ua hana ʻia kēia ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa a i ʻole ʻelua tausani mau makahiki ma mua o ko mākou au.

Ua kaulana ka mea kani i ka wā o ka mōʻī Zhou (1046-256 BC), nona nā ʻelele, ʻoiai, makemake nui lākou i nā mele. ʻO ia ke kumu i lilo ai ka leo "anela" o ka sheng i mea nui o nā papahana ʻahamele a nā mea hoʻokani pila o ke aloaliʻi e hele pū ana me nā hana mele a me nā mea hula i mua o ka mōʻī a me kāna poʻe. Ma hope mai, ua akamai nā poʻe hoihoi i ka pāʻani a hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻohana iā ia i ka wā o nā ʻahamele impromptu i mua o kahi lehulehu ma ke alanui, nā lā hoʻomaha a i nā hale kūʻai.

I ka waena o ke kenekulia XNUMX, ua huakaʻi ka anatomist Johann Wilde i Kina, kahi i hālāwai ai ʻo ia me nā mea hana sheng. ʻO ka pāʻani o nā mea hoʻokani mele alanui a me ke kani maʻamau o ka mea kani i hoʻopio nui i ka ʻEulopa a kūʻai ʻo ia i kahi "waha waha" i mea hoʻomanaʻo a lawe ʻia i kona ʻāina hānau. No laila, e like me ka moʻolelo, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka sheng ma ʻEulopa. Eia naʻe, manaʻo kekahi poʻe kākau moʻolelo ua ʻike ʻia ka mea kani ma ka ʻāina ma mua, i nā kenekulia XNUMXth-XNUMXth.

kani Sheng

Inā hele ʻoe i Kina, e ʻimi pono i kahi mea hiki ke pāʻani i ka sheng. Ma laila wale nō ʻoe e lohe ai i ka hana a nā haku a me kēlā leo hoʻohiwahiwa i hiki i nā virtuosos maoli ke unuhi mai ka mea kani.

Ma waena o nā mea kani ʻē aʻe o Kina, ʻo ka sheng kekahi o nā mea liʻiliʻi i kūpono i kahi hana hui ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka orchestra. Ma nā pūʻulu moʻolelo nui, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka sheng-bass a me ka sheng-alto.