Tatiana Petrovna Nikolaeva |

Tatiana Nikolayeva

'O Tatyana Nikolaeva he 'elele o ke kula o AB Goldenweiser. ʻO ke kula i hāʻawi i nā kiʻi Soviet i nā inoa nani. ʻAʻole ia he mea hoʻonui i ka ʻōlelo ʻana ʻo Nikolaeva kekahi o nā haumāna maikaʻi loa o kahi kumu Soviet koʻikoʻi. A - ʻaʻole i emi iki - kekahi o kāna mau ʻelele ʻano, ʻO Goldenweiser kuhikuhi i ka hoʻokani pila: ʻaʻohe kanaka i kēia lā e hoʻokō mau i kāna kuʻuna ma mua o kāna. E ʻōlelo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

• Piano mele ma ka hale kūʻai pūnaewele Ozon →

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Tatyana Petrovna Nikolaeva ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Bezhitsa, ka ʻāina ʻo Bryansk. ʻO kona makuakāne he lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka ʻoihana a he mea hoʻokani pila ma ka ʻoihana. Loaʻa iā ia kahi kauoha maikaʻi o ka violin a me cello, ua ʻākoakoa ʻo ia a puni iā ​​​​ia e like me ia, nā mea aloha mele a me nā mea aloha kiʻi: mālama mau ʻia nā ʻaha mele impromptu, nā hālāwai mele a me nā ahiahi i loko o ka hale. 'A'ole like me kona makuakāne, ua hana ka makuahine o Tatyana Nikolaeva i ke mele me ka 'oihana. I kona wā ʻōpiopio, ua puka ʻo ia mai ke keʻena piano o ka Moscow Conservatory a, e pili ana i kona hopena me Bezhitse, ua loaʻa ma aneʻi kahi kahua ākea no nā hana moʻomeheu a me ka hoʻonaʻauao - ua hana ʻo ia i kahi kula mele a hānai i nā haumāna he nui. E like me ka hana pinepine ʻana i nā ʻohana kumu, he liʻiliʻi kona manawa e aʻo ai me kāna kaikamahine ponoʻī, ʻoiai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua aʻo ʻo ia iā ia i nā kumu o ka hoʻokani piano inā pono. "ʻAʻohe mea i hoʻoikaika iaʻu i ka piano, ʻaʻole i koi mai iaʻu e hana ʻoi loa," wahi a Nikolaeva. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au, i koʻu wā ʻelemakule, hoʻokani pinepine au i mua o nā hoaaloha a me nā malihini i piha ko mākou hale. ʻOiai, i ka wā kamaliʻi, hopohopo a hauʻoli nui.

I ka makahiki 13, lawe mai kona makuahine iā ia i Moscow. Ua komo ʻo Tanya i ke kula ʻo Central Music, ua hoʻomanawanui, ʻo ia paha kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua paʻakikī a paʻakikī i kona ola. ("Ma kahi o ʻeono haneli poʻe i noi no iwakāluakūmālima mau hakahaka," i hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻo Nikolaeva. "I kēlā manawa, ua hauʻoli ka Central Music School i ka kaulana a me ka mana.") Ua lilo ʻo AB Goldenweiser i kumu; i kekahi manawa ua aʻo ʻo ia i kona makuahine. "Ua hoʻohana au i nā lā holoʻokoʻa i loko o kāna papa," wahi a Nikolaeva, "he mea hoihoi loa ia ma ʻaneʻi. ʻO nā mea hoʻokani pila e like me AF Gedike, DF Oistrakh, SN Knushevitsky, SE Feinberg, ED Krutikova i kipa aku iā Alexander Borisovich ma kāna mau haʻawina ... ʻO ka lewa i hoʻopuni iā ​​​​mākou, nā haumāna o ka haku nui, i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia, hanohano, koi ʻia e lawe i ka hana, iā ia iho, i ka noʻeau me ke koʻikoʻi. Noʻu, he mau makahiki kēia o ka ulu ʻana a me ka wikiwiki. "

Ua noi ʻia ʻo Nikolaeva, e like me nā haumāna ʻē aʻe o Goldenweiser, e haʻi, a me nā kikoʻī hou aku, e pili ana i kāna kumu. “Ke hoʻomanaʻo mua nei au iā ia no kāna ʻano kuʻikahi a lokomaikaʻi iā mākou a pau, kāna mau haumāna. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hoʻokaʻawale i kekahi, ua mālama ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia me ka manaʻo like a me ke kuleana aʻo. Ma ke ʻano he kumu, ʻaʻole makemake nui ʻo ia i ka "theorizing" - ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻohana i ka ʻōlelo ʻōlelo lush. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻōlelo liʻiliʻi ʻo ia, me ke koho liʻiliʻi i nā huaʻōlelo, akā e pili ana i kahi mea nui a pono. I kekahi manawa, hoʻokuʻu ʻo ia i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau ʻōlelo, a ʻike ʻoe, hoʻomaka ka haumāna e pāʻani i kahi ʻano like ʻole ... Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei mākou, hana nui mākou - ma nā offsets, nā hōʻikeʻike, nā ahiahi wehe; Ua hoʻopili nui ʻo Alexander Borisovich i ka hana ʻahamele o nā piano piano ʻōpio. A i kēia manawa, ʻoiaʻiʻo, pāʻani nui ka poʻe ʻōpio, akā - e nānā i nā koho hoʻokūkū a me nā loiloi - hoʻokani pinepine lākou i ka mea like ... pinepine a me nā ʻokoʻa"ʻO ia ka manaʻo holoʻokoʻa."

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo 1941 iā Nikolaeva mai Moscow, ʻohana, Goldenweiser. Ua pau ʻo ia ma Saratov, kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka hapa o nā haumāna a me nā kumu o ka Conservatory Moscow. I ka papa piano, ua aʻo ʻia ʻo ia e ke kumu kaulana ʻo Moscow ʻo IR Klyachko. He kumu aʻoaʻo ʻē aʻe kāna - he haku mele Soviet kaulana ʻo BN Lyatoshinsky. ʻO ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka manawa lōʻihi, mai ka wā kamaliʻi, ua huki ʻia ʻo ia i ka haku mele. (Ma hope i ka makahiki 1937, i kona komo ʻana i ke Kula Mele Nui, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia i kāna mau hana ponoʻī ma nā hoʻokolohua komo, ʻo ia paha ka mea i koi ai i ke komisina i kekahi manawa e hāʻawi i kona makemake ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.) I loko o nā makahiki, ua lilo ka haku mele i mea koi wikiwiki nona, kāna lua, a i kekahi manawa a ʻo ka mua, ʻo ia ka hana mele. "He ʻoiaʻiʻo, paʻakikī loa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā ʻoe iho ma waena o ka hana hoʻomohala a me ka ʻaha mele maʻamau a me ka hana hana," wahi a Nikolaeva. “Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au i koʻu wā ʻōpiopio, ʻo ia ka hana mau, ka hana a me ka hana… I ke kauwela ua haku au i ka hapa nui, i ka wā hoʻoilo ua aneane wau e hoʻolaʻa loa iaʻu iho i ka piano. Akā, pehea ka nui o kēia hui ʻana o nā hana ʻelua i hāʻawi mai iaʻu! Ua maopopo iaʻu ua aie nui wau i kaʻu mau hopena i ka hana. I ke kākau ʻana, hoʻomaka ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i nā mea i loko o kā mākou ʻoihana ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea kākau ʻole. I kēia manawa, ma ke ʻano o kaʻu hana, pono wau e hana mau i ka hana ʻōpio. A, ʻike ʻoe, i kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hoʻolohe ʻana i kahi mea pena novice, hiki iaʻu ke hoʻoholo me ka maopopo ʻole - ma ke ʻano o kāna mau wehewehe ʻana - inā paha ʻo ia e pili ana i ka haku mele a ʻaʻole paha.

I ka makahiki 1943, ua hoʻi ʻo Nikolaeva i Moscow. Hoʻololi hou ʻia kāna mau hālāwai mau a me ka launa pū ʻana me Goldenweiser. A i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 1947, ua puka lanakila 'o ia mai ke kula piano o ka Conservatory. Me ka lanakila ʻaʻole i kahaha i ka poʻe i ka ʻike - i kēlā manawa ua hoʻokumu paʻa ʻo ia iā ia iho ma kekahi o nā wahi mua ma waena o nā pianists metropolitan ʻōpio. Ua hoihoi ʻia kāna papahana hoʻonaʻauao: me nā hana a Schubert (Sonata ma B-flat major), Liszt (Mephisto-Waltz), Rachmaninov (Second Sonata), a me Tatiana Nikolaeva nona iho ʻo Polyphonic Triad, ua komo kēia papahana i nā puke ʻelua o Bach's. Clavier Maikaʻi (48 preludes a fugues). He liʻiliʻi nā mea pāʻani ʻaha mele, ʻo ia hoʻi ma waena o ka poʻe pianistic elite o ka honua, e loaʻa iā lākou ka pōʻai holoʻokoʻa nui Bach i kā lākou repertoire; ma ʻaneʻi ua hoʻolauna ʻia ʻo ia i ke komisina mokuʻāina e kahi mea hoʻomaka mua o ka hana piano, e mākaukau ana e haʻalele i ka noho haumāna. ʻAʻole wale ka hoʻomanaʻo nani o Nikolaeva - ua kaulana ʻo ia iā ia i kona mau makahiki ʻōpio, ua kaulana ʻo ia i kēia manawa; ʻaʻole wale ma kāna hana nui i hoʻomākaukau ai i kahi papahana hoihoi. ʻO ke kuhikuhi ponoʻī i kauoha i ka mahalo hoihoi repertory ʻōpio pianist - kona mau ʻano hana noʻeau, ʻono, makemake. I kēia manawa ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo Nikolaeva e nā poʻe loea a me nā mea aloha mele he nui, ʻo Well-Tempered Clavier i kāna hoʻokolokolo hope ʻana he mea kūlohelohe maoli nō ia - i ka waena o nā kanahā ʻaʻole hiki ke kahaha a me ka hauʻoli. "Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Samuil Evgenievich Feinberg i nā "tiket" me nā inoa o nā preludes a me nā fugues a pau o Bach," wahi a Nikolaeva, "a ma mua o ka hoʻokolokolo ua hāʻawi ʻia iaʻu e huki i kekahi o lākou. Ua hōʻike ʻia ma laila e pāʻani au ma ka hailona. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kōmike ke hoʻolohe i kaʻu papahana hoʻonaʻauao holoʻokoʻa - ʻoi aku ia ma mua o hoʻokahi lā… "

ʻEkolu makahiki ma hope (1950) ua puka pū ʻo Nikolaeva mai ke keʻena haku mele o ka conservatory. Ma hope o BN Lyatoshinsky, V. Ya. ʻO Sebalin kāna kumu ma ka papa haku mele; Ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i kāna mau haʻawina me EK Golubev. No nā kūleʻa i loaʻa i ka hana mele, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kona inoa ma ka papa hanohano o ka Moscow Conservatory.

… ʻO ka mea maʻamau, i ka wā e pili ana i ke komo ʻana o Nikolaeva i nā hoʻokūkū o nā mea hoʻokani pila, ʻo ia ka mea, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻo kāna lanakila nui ma ka Bach Competition ma Leipzig (1950). ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia i kona lima i nā hakakā hoʻokūkū ma mua. I ka makahiki 1945, ua komo ʻo ia i ka hoʻokūkū no ka hana maikaʻi loa o nā mele a Scriabin - ua mālama ʻia ma Moscow ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Moscow Philharmonic - a lanakila i ka makana mua. "ʻO ka jure, ke hoʻomanaʻo nei au, ua komo nā piano piano kaulana loa o ia mau makahiki," wahi a Nikolaev i ka wā i hala, "a i waena o lākou koʻu kiʻi, ʻo Vladimir Vladimirovich Sofronitsky. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hopohopo nui au, ʻoi aku ka nui o koʻu hoʻokani ʻana i nā ʻāpana lei aliʻi o "kana" repertoire - etudes (Op. 42), Scriabin's Fourth Sonata. ʻO ka lanakila ma kēia hoʻokūkū i hāʻawi mai iaʻu i ka hilinaʻi iaʻu iho, i koʻu ikaika. Ke hana ʻoe i kāu mau ʻanuʻu mua ma ke kahua o ka hana, he mea nui loa ia. "

I ka makahiki 1947, ua hoʻokūkū hou ʻo ia i ka hoʻokūkū piano i mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka First Democratic Youth Festival ma Prague; Eia ʻo ia ma ka lua. Akā, ua lilo maoli ʻo Leipzig i ka apogee o nā hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū a Nikolaeva: ua huki ia i ka manaʻo o nā pōʻai ākea o ke kaiāulu mele - ʻaʻole wale ʻo Soviet, akā ʻo nā haole hoʻi, i ka mea ʻōpio, ua wehe i nā puka i ka honua o ka hana ʻaha mele nui nona. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka hoʻokūkū Leipzig ma 1950 i kona manawa he hanana kiʻi kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka makahiki 200 o ka make ʻana o Bach, ʻo ia ka hoʻokūkū mua o ia ʻano; ma hope mai, lilo lākou i kuʻuna. ʻO kekahi mea ʻaʻole i emi iki ka mea nui. ʻO ia kekahi o nā hui honua mua o nā mea hoʻokani pila ma hope o ke kaua ʻEulopa a ʻo kona resonance i ka GDR, a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, he mea maikaʻi loa. ʻO Nikolaev, i hāʻawiʻia iā Leipzig mai ka'ōpiopio piano o ka USSR, aia i kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kāna repertoire i ka nui o nā hana a Bach; Ua akamai ʻo ia i ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike o ka unuhi ʻana iā lākou: ʻO ka lanakila o ka pianist he lokahi a hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia (ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻōpio ʻo Igor Bezrodny ka mea lanakila ʻole o ka poʻe violinist i kēlā manawa); Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ka poʻe paʻi mele Kelemania iā ia ʻo "ke aliʻi wahine o nā fugues".

"Akā, iaʻu," e hoʻomau ana ʻo Nikolaeva i ka moʻolelo o kona ola, "he mea koʻikoʻi ke kanalima makahiki ʻaʻole wale no ka lanakila ma Leipzig. A laila ua hana ʻia kekahi hanana, ʻo ke koʻikoʻi o iaʻu iho ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke hoʻonui nui - koʻu kamaʻāina me Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich. Me PA Serebryakov, he lālā ʻo Shostakovich o ka jure o ka hoʻokūkū Bach. Ua loaʻa iaʻu ka pōmaikaʻi e hālāwai me ia, e ʻike iā ia ma kahi kokoke, a ʻoiai - aia kekahi hihia - e komo pū me ia a me Serebryakov i kahi hana lehulehu o Bach's triple concerto ma D minor. ʻO ka nani o Dmitry Dmitrievich, ke kūlana haʻahaʻa a me ka hanohano ʻuhane o kēia mea pena kiʻi nui, ʻaʻole wau e poina.

Ke nānā nei i mua, pono wau e ʻōlelo ʻaʻole i pau ka kamaʻilio ʻana o Nikolaeva me Shostakovich. Ua hoʻomau ko lākou mau hālāwai ma Moscow. Ma ke kono a Dmitry Dmitrievich Nikolaev, ua kipa aku ʻo ia iā ia ma mua o hoʻokahi; ʻo ia ka mea mua i pāʻani i nā mea he nui o nā preludes a me nā fugues (Op. 87) āna i hana ai i kēlā manawa: hilinaʻi lākou i kona manaʻo, kūkākūkā pū me ia. (Ua maopopo ʻo Nikolaeva, ma ke ala, ua kākau ʻia ka pōʻai kaulana "24 Preludes and Fugues" e Shostakovich ma lalo o ka manaʻo pololei o nā ʻahaʻaina Bach ma Leipzig a, ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi, ka Well-Tempered Clavier, i hana pinepine ʻia ma laila) . Ma hope mai, ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hoʻolaha ikaika i kēia mele - ʻo ia ka mea mua i pāʻani i ka pōʻai holoʻokoʻa, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā moʻolelo gramophone.

He aha ka helehelena noʻeau o Nikolaeva i kēlā mau makahiki? He aha ka manaʻo o ka poʻe i ʻike iā ia i ke kumu o kāna ʻoihana kahua? Ua ʻae ka ʻōlelo hoʻohewa e pili ana iā Nikolaeva ma ke ʻano he "mea hoʻokani pila mua, he unuhi ʻōlelo koʻikoʻi, noʻonoʻo" (GM Kogan) (Kogan G. Na ninau o ka piano. S. 440.). ʻO ia, e like me ka Ya. ʻO I. Milshtein, "hoʻopili nui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻokō maopopo, ka ʻimi ʻana i ka manaʻo nui, wehewehe i ka hana ... He akamai akamai kēia," i ʻōlelo ʻia e Ya. I. Milshtein, “… manaʻo nui a hohonu loa” (Milshtein Ya. I. Tatyana Nikolaeva // Sov. Music. 1950. No. 12. P. 76.). Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe akamai i ke kula koʻikoʻi o Nikolaeva, kāna heluhelu pololei a pololei i ka kikokikona a ka mea kākau; me ka ʻae ʻana i kona ʻano like ʻole, ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole ke ʻono. He nui ka poʻe i ʻike i kēia mau mea a pau i ka lima o kāna kumu, ʻo AB Goldenweiser, a ʻike i kāna mana aʻo.

I ka manawa like, ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōlelo hoʻohewa koʻikoʻi i ka mea piano. A ʻaʻohe mea kupanaha: ke ʻano wale nei kāna kiʻi kiʻi, a i kēlā manawa ua ʻike ʻia nā mea a pau - nā mea maikaʻi a me nā hemahema, nā pono a me nā hemahema, nā ikaika o ke talena a me nā mea nāwaliwali. Pono mākou e lohe i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole i nele ka ʻuhane o ka ʻōpio, nā mele, nā manaʻo kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka repertoire aloha. "Ke hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi nei au iā Nikolaeva i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna huakaʻi," i kākau ai ʻo GM Kogan ma hope aku, "... ʻaʻole i emi ka hoihoi a me ka nani o kāna pāʻani ma mua o ka moʻomeheu" (Kogan G. Nā nīnau o ka piano. P. 440.). Hoʻopuka pū ʻia nā hoʻopiʻi e pili ana i ka palette timbre a Nikolaeva; ʻO ka leo o ka mea hoʻokani, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei kekahi o ka poʻe mele, nele i ka juiciness, brilliance, pumehana, a me nā ʻano like ʻole.

Pono mākou e hoʻomaikaʻi iā Nikolaeva: ʻaʻole ʻo ia i pili i ka poʻe e pelu ana i ko lākou mau lima - inā i ka kūleʻa, i ka hāʻule ʻole ... e hoikeia me ka maopopo loa. "Inā ma mua ma Nikolaeva ka hoʻomaka kūpono lanakila ma luna o ka manaʻo, ka hohonu a me ka waiwai - ma luna o ka artistry a me ka spontaneity, - kākau V. Yu. Delson i ka makahiki 1961, - a laila i kēia manawa kēia mau ʻāpana hiki ʻole o ka hana keaka hoʻopiha kekahi i kekahi" (Delson V. Tatyana Nikolaeva // Soviet Music. 1961. No. 7. P. 88.). "… ʻAʻole like ka Nikolaeva i kēia manawa me ka mea mua," wahi a GM Kogan i ka makahiki 1964. "Ua hoʻokele ʻo ia, me ka nalowale ʻole o kāna mea i loaʻa, e loaʻa i kāna mea i nele. He kanaka hoʻokani ikaika ʻo Nikolaeva i kēia lā, nona ka moʻomeheu kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana pololei i hui pū ʻia me ke kūʻokoʻa a me ka hana noʻeau. (Kogan G. Nā nīnau o ka piano. S. 440-441.).

ʻO ka hāʻawi ikaika ʻana i nā ʻahamele ma hope o nā kūleʻa i nā hoʻokūkū, ʻaʻole haʻalele ʻo Nikolaeva i kona makemake kahiko i ka haku mele. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa no ia e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hana kaʻapuni, eia naʻe, lilo a paʻakikī loa. Akā naʻe, ho'āʻo ʻo ia e haʻalele i kāna lula: i ka hoʻoilo - nā ʻahamele, i ke kauwela - kahi ʻatikala. I ka makahiki 1951, ua paʻi ʻia kāna Concerto Piano Mua. Ma kahi o ka manawa like, ua kākau ʻo Nikolaeva i kahi sonata (1949), "Polyphonic Triad" (1949), Variations in Memory of N. Ya. Myaskovsky (1951), 24 mau haʻawina ʻaha mele (1953), i kekahi manawa ma hope - ʻo ka Second Piano Concerto (1968). Hoʻolaʻa ʻia kēia mau mea a pau i kāna mea kani punahele - ka piano. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻo ia i nā haku mele i kapa ʻia ma luna nei i nā papahana o kāna clavirabends, ʻoiai ʻo ia e ʻōlelo nei "ʻo ia ka mea paʻakikī loa e hana me kāu mau mea ponoʻī ...".

ʻO ka papa inoa o nā hana i kākau ʻia e ia ma nā ʻano ʻano "non-piano" ʻē aʻe he mea kupanaha loa - symphony (1955), kiʻi orchestral "Borodino Field" (1965), string quartet (1969), Trio (1958), Violin sonata (1955). ), Poem for cello with orchestra (1968), a number of chamber vocal works, music for theater and cinema.

A i ka makahiki 1958, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka "polyphony" o ka hana hoʻomohala a Nikolaeva e kekahi laina hou - ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo. (Ke kono nei ka Moscow Conservatory iā ia.) I kēia lā, nui nā ʻōpio akamai i waena o kāna mau haumāna; ua hōʻike maikaʻi kekahi iā lākou iho i nā hoʻokūkū honua - no ka laʻana, M. Petukhov, B. Shagdaron, A. Batagov, N. Lugansky. ʻO ke aʻo ʻana me kāna mau haumāna, ʻo Nikolaeva, e like me kāna, e hilinaʻi ana i nā kuʻuna o kāna kula piano ʻōiwi a kokoke i Rusia, ma ka ʻike o kāna kumu ʻo AB Goldenweiser. "ʻO ka mea nui ka hana a me ka laulā o ka cognitive makemake o nā haumāna, ko lākou inquisitiveness a me ka ʻimi, mahalo nui au i kēia," wahi āna i kona manaʻo ma ke aʻo ʻana. "o nā papahana like, ʻoiai ua hōʻike kēia i kahi hoʻomau o ka mea hoʻokani pila. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, i kēia lā ua ʻoi aku kēia ʻano hana ma mua o kā mākou makemake ...

ʻO kahi kumu conservatory e aʻo pū ana me kahi haumāna akamai a hoʻohiki i nā pilikia he nui i kēia mau lā, "hoʻomau ʻo Nikolaeva. Inā pēlā… Pehea, pehea e hōʻoia ai i ke kālena o kahi haumāna ma hope o ka lanakila hoʻokūkū - a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka mea hope - ʻaʻole e mae, ʻaʻole e nalowale kona ʻano mua, ʻaʻole lilo i stereotyped? ʻO ia ka nīnau. A i koʻu manaʻo, ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumuhana nui loa i ka hoʻonaʻauao mele hou.

I kekahi manawa, e kamaʻilio ana ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka Soviet Music magazine, ua kākau ʻo Nikolaeva: "ʻO ka pilikia o ka hoʻomau ʻana i nā haʻawina o kēlā mau mea hana ʻōpio i lilo i laureates me ka ʻole o ka puka ʻana mai ka conservatory e lilo i mea koʻikoʻi. Ke lawe ʻia nei e nā hana ʻaha mele, hoʻopau lākou i ka nānā ʻana i kā lākou hoʻonaʻauao holoʻokoʻa, ka mea e hōʻino i ka lokahi o kā lākou ulu ʻana a hoʻopilikia maikaʻi i kā lākou kiʻi hana. Pono lākou e aʻo mālie, hele i nā haʻi'ōlelo me ke akahele, manaʻo e like me nā haumāna maoli, ʻaʻole "ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi" i kala ʻia i nā mea āpau ... "A ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia penei:" ... nā kūlana hoʻomohala, hoʻohuli i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i kā lākou manaʻo hoʻomohala. ʻO kēia kahi e komo ai ka pilikia. " (Nikolaeva T. Nā noʻonoʻo ma hope o ka pau ʻana: No ka hopena o ka VI International Tchaikovsky Competition // Sov. Music. 1979. No. 2. P. 75, 74.). Ua hoʻokō pono ʻo Nikolaeva iā ia iho e hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia paʻakikī i kona manawa - e kūʻē ma hope o ke kakahiaka a

lanakila nui. Ua hiki iā ia ke "mālama i kāna mea i lanakila ai, hoʻoikaika i kona kūlana hana." ʻO ka mea mua, mahalo i ka ʻoluʻolu o loko, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā ia iho, ka manaʻo ikaika a hilinaʻi, a me ka hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i ka manawa. A no ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole, hele wiwo ʻole ʻo ia i nā haʻahaʻa hana a me nā ukana nui.

Lawe ʻo Pedagogy iā Tatyana Petrovna i nā manawa a pau e koe mai nā huakaʻi ʻaha mele. A, akā naʻe, i kēia lā ua ʻoi aku ka maopopo o kona manaʻo ma mua o ka wā ma mua o ka kamaʻilio ʻana me nā ʻōpio e pono ai nona: "Pono e hoʻomau i ke ola, ʻaʻole e ʻelemakule i ka ʻuhane, i mea e manaʻo ai, e like me lākou. olelo, ka puuwai o keia la. A laila hoʻokahi hou. Inā ʻoe e hana i kahi ʻoihana hoʻomohala a ua aʻo ʻoe i kahi mea nui a hoihoi i loko, e hoʻowalewale mau ʻia ʻoe e kaʻana like me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. He kūlohelohe loa ia…”

* * *

Hōʻike ʻo Nikolaev i kēia lā i ka hanauna kahiko o nā pianists Soviet. Ma kāna moʻolelo, ʻaʻole emi a ʻoi aku paha - ma kahi o 40 mau makahiki o ka ʻaha mele a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hana. Akā na'e,'a'ole i emi ka hana a Tatyana Petrovna, hana ikaika a hana nui. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻoi aku paha ma mua o ka wā ma mua. Ua lawa ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua hiki ka helu o kāna clavirabends ma kahi o 70-80 i kēlā me kēia kau - he kiʻi kupaianaha loa. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo i ke ʻano o kēia "kaumaha" i mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ("ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole maʻalahi i kekahi manawa," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Tatyana Petrovna i kekahi manawa, "akā, ʻo nā ʻahamele paha ka mea nui loa iaʻu, a no laila e pāʻani wau a pāʻani i ka wā e lawa ai koʻu ikaika.")

I nā makahiki, ʻaʻole i emi ka hoihoi o Nikolaeva i nā manaʻo repertory nui. Manaʻo mau ʻo ia i ka makemake i nā papahana monumental, no nā ʻano ʻaha mele kupaianaha; aloha iā lākou a hiki i kēia lā. Ma na pepa o kona mau ahiahi, hiki ke ike i na haku mele a pau a Bach; ua hana ʻo ia i hoʻokahi wale nō hana nui Bach opus, ʻo The Art of Fugue, i nā manawa he nui i nā makahiki i hala. Hōʻike pinepine ʻo ia i ka Goldberg Variations a me Bach's Piano Concerto ma E Major (ma ka hui pū ʻana me ka Lithuanian Chamber Orchestra i alakaʻi ʻia e S. Sondeckis). Eia kekahi laʻana, ua hoʻokaniʻia kēia mau meleʻelua e ia i ka "December Evenings" (1987) ma Moscow, kahi āna i hana ai ma ke kono a S. Richter. Ua hoʻolaha pū ʻia nā ʻaha mele monograph e ia i nā makahiki kanawalu - Beethoven (nā piano sonata āpau), Schumann, Scriabin, Rachmaninov, etc.

Akā, ke hoʻomau nei paha ka hauʻoli nui iā ia i ka hana a Shostakovich's Preludes and Fugues, a mākou e hoʻomanaʻo nei, ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kāna repertoire mai ka makahiki 1951, ʻo ia hoʻi, mai ka manawa i haku ʻia ai e ka mea haku mele. "Ke hala nei ka manawa, a ʻo ke ʻano kanaka maoli o Dmitriy Dmitrievich, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua pau kekahi hapa, ua holoi ʻia mai ka hoʻomanaʻo. Akā ʻo kāna mele, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke hoʻokokoke a kokoke i nā kānaka. Inā ma mua ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe āpau i kona koʻikoʻi a me ka hohonu, i kēia manawa ua loli ke kūlana: ʻaʻole wau e hālāwai me nā poʻe i ʻike ʻole ʻia nā hana a Shostakovich i ka mahalo nui loa. Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻoholo i kēia me ka hilinaʻi, no ka mea ke pāʻani maoli nei au i kēia mau hana ma nā kihi a pau o ko mākou ʻāina a ma waho.

Ma ke ala, i kēia manawa ua ʻike wau he pono e hana i kahi hoʻopaʻa hou o Shostakovich's Preludes and Fugues i loko o ka studio Melodiya, no ka mea, ʻo ka mea ma mua, e pili ana i nā makahiki he kanaono, ua ʻano kahiko.

ʻO ka makahiki 1987 he hanana kūikawā no Nikolaeva. Ma waho aʻe o ka "December Evenings" i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ua kipa ʻo ia i nā ʻaha mele nui ma Salzburg (Austria), Montpellier (France), Ansbach (West Germany). "ʻAʻole hana wale nā ​​huakaʻi o kēia ʻano - ʻoiai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea mua he hana," wahi a Tatyana Petrovna. "Akā naʻe, makemake wau e huki i ka manaʻo i hoʻokahi wahi. Hāʻawi kēia mau huakaʻi i nā manaʻo nani a ʻano like ʻole - a he aha ke ʻano me ka ʻole o lākou? Nā kūlanakauhale a me nā ʻāina hou, nā hale hōʻikeʻike hou a me nā hui kūkulu hale, e hui pū me nā poʻe hou - hoʻonui a hoʻomāhuahua i ka ʻike! No ka laʻana, ua hauʻoli nui wau i koʻu kamaʻilio ʻana me Olivier Messiaen a me kāna wahine ʻo Madame Lariot (he pianist ʻo ia, hoʻokani i kāna mau mele piano a pau).

ʻO kēia kamaʻāina i hana ʻia i kēia manawa, i ka hoʻoilo o 1988. Ke nānā nei i ka maestro kaulana, ʻo ia, i ka makahiki o 80, piha i ka ikehu a me ka ikaika ʻuhane, noʻonoʻo ʻole ʻoe: ʻo ia ka mea āu e pono ai e like, ʻo wai e lawe i kekahi laʻana mai…

Ua aʻo au i nā mea pono he nui noʻu iho nei ma kekahi o nā ʻahaʻaina, i koʻu lohe ʻana i ka mea hīmeni Negro ʻo Jessie Norman. He ʻelele au no kekahi ʻoihana mele. Eia naʻe, i kona kipa ʻana i kāna hana, ua hoʻopiha ʻo ia i kāna ʻoihana "puaʻa" me kahi mea waiwai. Manaʻo wau e pono e hoʻopiha ʻia i nā manawa a pau a ma nā wahi āpau, i kēlā me kēia manawa ... "

Nīnau ʻia ʻo Nikolaeva i kekahi manawa: i ka manawa hea ʻo ia e hoʻomaha ai? Hoʻomaha ʻo ia mai nā haʻawina mele? "A ʻo wau, ʻike ʻoe, mai luhi i ke mele," wahi āna i pane ai. A ʻaʻole maopopo iaʻu pehea ʻoe e ʻai ai me ia. ʻO ia hoʻi, o nā mea hana hina, mediocre, ʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke luhi, a me ka wikiwiki loa. Akā, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ua luhi ʻoe i ke mele…”

Hoʻomanaʻo pinepine ʻo ia, e kamaʻilio ana ma ia mau kumuhana, ʻo ka mea hoʻokani violinist Soviet maikaʻi ʻo David Fedorovich Oistrakh - ua loaʻa iā ia ka manawa e huakaʻi i nā ʻāina ʻē me ia i ka manawa hoʻokahi. "He manawa lōʻihi i hala aku nei, i ka waena o nā kanalima, i ko mākou huakaʻi hui i nā ʻāina ʻAmelika Latin - ʻAmelika, Uruguay, Brazil. Hoʻomaka a pau nā ʻaha mele ma laila - ma hope o ke aumoe; a i ko makou hoi ana mai i ka hotele, ua luhi, ma ka hora elua a ekolu paha o ke kakahiaka. No laila, ma kahi o ka hoʻomaha, ua ʻōlelo mai ʻo David Fedorovich iā mākou, kona mau hoa: pehea inā mākou e hoʻolohe i kekahi mele maikaʻi i kēia manawa? (Ua ʻike ʻia nā moʻolelo hoʻokani lōʻihi ma nā papa hale kūʻai i kēlā manawa, a makemake nui ʻo Oistrakh e hōʻiliʻili iā lākou.) ʻAʻole pono ka hōʻole ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole i hōʻike nui ʻia kekahi o mākou, e huhū nui ʻo David Fedorovich: "ʻAʻole ʻoe makemake i ke mele?"...

No laila ka mea nui aloha mele, hoʻopau ʻo Tatyana Petrovna. A laila lawa ka manawa a me ka ikaika no nā mea a pau.

Pono ʻo ia e hana i nā hana like ʻole i hoʻoholo ʻole ʻia a me nā pilikia i ka hana - ʻoiai kona ʻike a me nā makahiki he nui o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Manaʻo ʻo ia he kūlohelohe maoli kēia, no ka mea ma ka lanakila ʻana i ke kūʻē ʻana o ka mea hiki ke neʻe i mua. "I koʻu ola a pau, ua hakakā au, no ka laʻana, me nā pilikia pili i ke kani o kahi mea kani. ʻAʻole i ʻoluʻolu nā mea a pau ma kēia ʻano. A ʻo ka hoʻohewa ʻana, ʻo ka haʻi ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaha iaʻu. I kēia manawa, me he mea lā, ua loaʻa iaʻu kaʻu mea e ʻimi nei, a i ʻole, i kekahi hihia, kokoke i ia. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo ʻaʻole e māʻona au i ka lā ʻapōpō me ka mea e kūpono iaʻu i kēia lā.

ʻO ke kula Lūkini o ka hana piano, ua hoʻomohala ʻo Nikolaeva i kona manaʻo, ua ʻike mau ʻia e kahi ʻano palupalu a me ke mele. Ua aʻo ʻia kēia e KN Igumnov, a me AB Goldenweiser, a me nā mea mele kaulana ʻē aʻe o ka hanauna kahiko. No laila, ke ʻike ʻo ia i ka hana ʻino ʻana o kekahi poʻe piano ʻōpio i ka piano, "kuʻi", "kuʻi", a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. “Ke hopohopo nei au i kēia lā e nalowale ana kekahi mau kuʻuna koʻikoʻi o kā mākou hana keaka. Akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka lilo ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka nalo ʻana ma mua o ka mālama ʻana… "

A ʻo kekahi mea ʻē aʻe ke kumuhana o ka noʻonoʻo mau a me ka ʻimi ʻana iā Nikolaeva. ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka ʻōlelo mele. Ua kākau ʻo A. France: "ʻO ka lōʻihi o koʻu ola ʻana, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o koʻu manaʻo: ʻaʻohe nani, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ia i ka manawa like." Ua ʻae loa ʻo Nikolaeva i kēia mau ʻōlelo. ʻO lākou ke ala maikaʻi loa e haʻi aku ai i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i kēia lā ka mea nui loa i ka hana noʻeau. "E hoʻohui wale wau i kaʻu ʻoihana, ʻo ka maʻalahi i nīnau ʻia i lalo i ka pilikia o ke kūlana kahua o ka mea pena. ʻO ka pilikia o ka maikaʻi o loko i ka wā o ka hana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo ʻokoʻa ma mua o kou hele ʻana i ke kahua - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a i ʻole ka hewa. Akā inā lanakila kekahi i ka hoʻoponopono psychologically iā ia iho a komo i ka moku'āina aʻu e kamaʻilio nei, ʻo ka mea nui, hiki i kekahi ke noʻonoʻo, ua hana ʻia. He mea paʻakikī ke wehewehe i kēia mau mea ma nā huaʻōlelo, akā me ka ʻike, me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, lilo ʻoe i mea hohonu a hohonu i kēia mau manaʻo ...

ʻAe, ma ka puʻuwai o nā mea a pau, manaʻo wau, he mau manaʻo maʻalahi a kūlohelohe kanaka, he mea nui loa e mālama ... Pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe iā ʻoe iho a hoʻoikaika e hōʻike iā ʻoe iho me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pololei ma ke mele. ʻO ia ka mea huna a pau.

…Malia paha, ʻaʻole hiki nā mea a pau iā Nikolaeva. A ʻo nā hopena hoʻomohala kikoʻī, ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole kūlike i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. Malia paha,ʻaʻole e "ʻae" kekahi o kāna mau hoa, makemake i kahi mea'ē aʻe i ka piano; i kekahi poʻe, ʻaʻole paha ʻo kāna wehewehe ʻana. ʻAʻole i lōʻihi loa, i Malaki 1987, hāʻawi ʻo Nikolaeva i kahi hui clavier ma ka Hale Nui o ka Conservatory Moscow, hoʻolaʻa iā Scriabin; ʻO kekahi o nā loiloi i kēia manawa ua hoʻohewa ʻo ia i ka pianist no kāna "ʻike honua maikaʻi loa" i nā hana a Scriabin, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ʻaʻole nele ʻo ia i ka hana keaka maoli, hakakā kūloko, hopohopo, hakakā nui: "Ua hana ʻia nā mea āpau ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe ... ma ka ʻuhane o Arensky (Sov. mele. 1987. No. 7. S. 60, 61.). ʻAe, lohe nā mea a pau i ke mele ma ko lākou ʻano ponoʻī: hoʻokahi - no laila, ʻokoʻa kekahi. He aha ka mea maʻamau?

ʻOi aku ka nui o kekahi mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo e hele mau anaʻo Nikolaeva, ma ka hana luhi a me ka ikaika; ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hoʻomāʻona iā ia iho, e like me ka wā ma mua, e mālama mau i kāna "ʻano" piano maikaʻi. Ma kahi huaʻōlelo, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e ola i nehinei ma ke kiʻi, akā i kēia lā a me ka lā ʻapōpō. ʻAʻole anei ʻo ia ke kī i kona hopena hauʻoli a me kona ola lōʻihi?

G. Tsypin, 1990