He aha nā ʻano mele ma laila?

Ke aʻo koke aku nei mākou iā ʻoe he paʻakikī loa ka pane ʻana i kahi ʻatikala i ka nīnau o nā ʻano mele. Ma luna o ka mōʻaukala holoʻokoʻa o nā mele, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā ʻano he nui i hiki ʻole ke ana iā lākou me kahi pā: chorale, romance, cantata, waltz, symphony, ballet, opera, prelude, etc.

No nā makahiki he nui, ua hoʻāʻo nā mea hoʻokani mele e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano mele (ma ke ʻano o ka ʻike, ma ka hana, no ka laʻana). Akā, ma mua o ka noho ʻana i ka typology, e wehewehe kākou i ke ʻano o ke ʻano.

He aha ke ʻano mele?

ʻO ke ʻano he ʻano hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i nā mele kikoʻī. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau kūlana o ka hoʻokō, ke kumu, ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ka ʻike. No laila, ʻo ke kumu o kahi lullaby e hōʻoluʻolu i ka pēpē, no laila ke ʻano o ka "swaying" intonations a me kahi ʻano mele; i ka huakaʻi - ua hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻano mele a pau e hōʻike ai i kahi ʻanuʻu maopopo.

He aha nā ʻano mele: hoʻohālikelike

ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike maʻalahi o nā genres e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokō. ʻElua mau hui nui kēia:

• vocal (male, waltz, etude, sonata, fugue, symphony)
• nā ʻano leo (aria, mele, romance, cantata, opera, musical).

ʻO kekahi typology o nā genres e pili ana i ke kaiapuni hana. No A. Sokhor, he kanaka ʻepekema e ʻōlelo nei aia nā ʻano mele:

• hoʻomana a me ka hoʻomana (halelu, mass, requiem) - ua ʻike ʻia lākou e nā kiʻi ākea, ka mana o ke kumu mele a me ke ʻano like i waena o ka hapa nui o ka poʻe hoʻolohe;
• hale lehulehu (nā ʻano mele, ka hele a me ka hula: polka, waltz, ragtime, ballad, anthem) - hōʻike ʻia e kahi ʻano maʻalahi a me nā leo kamaʻāina;
• nā ʻano ʻaha mele (oratorio, sonata, quartet, symphony) – hana maʻamau i loko o ke keʻena ʻaha mele, ka leo mele e like me ka hōʻike pilikino a ka mea kākau;
• nā ʻano keaka (mele, opera, ballet) - makemake i ka hana, ka hoʻolālā a me nā hiʻohiʻona.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano ponoʻī i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. No laila, ʻo ka opera seria (“serious” opera) a me ka opera buffa (comic) kekahi mau ʻano. I ka manawa like, aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka opera, e hana pū ana i nā ʻano hou (lyric opera, epic opera, operetta, etc.)

Nā inoa ʻano

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kākau i puke holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā inoa o nā ʻano mele a pehea e hiki mai ai. Hiki i nā inoa ke haʻi e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o ke ʻano: no ka laʻana, ʻo ka inoa o ka hula "kryzhachok" ma muli o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā mea hula i kahi keʻa (mai ka Belarusian "kryzh" - keʻa). Hana ʻia ʻo Nocturne ("pō" - unuhi ʻia mai Farani) i ka pō ma ke ākea. No nā inoa o nā mea kani (fanfare, musette) kekahi inoa mai nā mele (Marseillaise, Camarina).

Loaʻa pinepine ka mele i ka inoa o kahi ʻano ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia i kahi kaiapuni ʻē aʻe: no ka laʻana, ka hulahula poʻe i ka ballet. Akā, hiki ke hana ma ke ʻano ʻē aʻe: lawe ka mea haku mele i ke kumumanaʻo "Seasons" a kākau i kahi hana, a laila lilo kēia kumuhana i ʻano ʻano me kekahi ʻano (4 kau ma 4 mau ʻāpana) a me ke ʻano o ka ʻike.

Ma kahi o ka hopena

Ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā mele, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke haʻi ʻole i kahi kuhihewa maʻamau. Aia ka huikau i nā manaʻo ke kapa ʻia nā ʻano like me ka classical, rock, jazz, hip-hop he genres. He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ke ʻano he hoʻolālā ma ke kumu i hana ʻia ai nā hana, a ʻo ke ʻano ke hōʻike nei i nā ʻano o ka ʻōlelo mele o ka hana ʻana.

Mea kākau – Alexandra Ramm