André Cluytens |
ʻO André Cluytens
Me he mea lā ua lawe mai ka hopena iā Andre Kluitens i ke kahua o ke alakaʻi. ʻO kona kupuna kāne a me kona makuakāne he mau alakaʻi, akā ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he pianist, puka ʻo ia mai ka Conservatory ʻo Antwerp i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāono ma ka papa o E. Boske. Ua komo ʻo Kluitens i ka Royal Opera House ma ke ʻano he pianist-accompanist a me ke alakaʻi o ka papa mele. Ua haʻi ʻo ia i kēia e pili ana i kāna hoʻomaka mua ʻana ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi: "He 21 koʻu mau makahiki i ka wā i hoʻokahi Sābati koʻu makuakāne, ka mea alakaʻi o ka hale keaka hoʻokahi, maʻi koke ʻia. He aha ka hana? Lāpule - wehe nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni a pau, paʻa nā alakaʻi. Ua hoʻoholo ka luna hoʻokele e hana i kahi hana koʻikoʻi: hāʻawi ʻo ia i ka mea hoʻokani pila e lawe i kahi pilikia. ʻO ka "Pearl Seekers" ma… I ka hopena, ua ʻōlelo lōkahi nā mana āpau o Antwerp: He alakaʻi hānau ʻo Andre Kluytens. Me ka liʻiliʻi, hoʻomaka wau e pani i koʻu makuakāne ma ke kahua alakaʻi; i kona hoʻomaha ʻana mai ka hale keaka i kona wā ʻelemakule, ua hoʻololi au i kona wahi.
I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hana wale ʻo Kluitens ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi opera. Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo ia i nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma Toulouse, Lyon, Bordeaux, loaʻa ka ʻike ikaika ma Farani. I ka makahiki 1938, ua kōkua ka hihia i ka mea pena kiʻi e hana i kāna hoʻomaka ma ke kahua symphony: ma Vichy pono ʻo ia e mālama i kahi ʻaha mele mai nā hana a Beethoven ma kahi o Krips, ka mea i pāpā ʻia e haʻalele iā Austria i noho ʻia e nā Kelemania. I nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana, ua alakaʻi ʻo Kluytens i nā hana keaka a me nā ʻahamele ma Lyon a me Paris, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻokani mua o kekahi mau hana a nā mea kākau Farani - J. Francais, T. Aubin, JJ Grunenwald, A. Jolivet, A. Busse, O. Messiaen, D. Millau a me na mea e ae.
ʻO ka lā kiʻekiʻe o ka hana hana a Kluytens e hele mai i ka hopena o nā kanahā. Ua lilo ʻo ia i poʻo o ka Opera Comique Theatre (1947), alakaʻi i ka Grand Opera, alakaʻi i ka orchestra o ka Society of Concerts of the Paris Conservatory, hana i nā huakaʻi lōʻihi e uhi ana iā ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika, ʻAsia a me Australia; Ua loaʻa iā ia ka hanohano o ke alakaʻi alakaʻi Farani mua i kono ʻia e hoʻokani ma Bayreuth, a mai ka makahiki 1955 ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa ma ka console o ka Bayreuth Theatre. ʻO ka hope loa, i ka makahiki 1960, ua hoʻohui ʻia hoʻokahi poʻo inoa i kāna mau poʻo inoa he nui, ʻoi aku paha i aloha nui ʻia e ka mea pena - ua lilo ʻo ia i poʻo o ka National Symphony Orchestra ma kāna kamaʻāina ʻo Belgium.
Nui a ʻano like ʻole ka papa mele a ka mea pena. Ua kaulana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani opera a me nā hana symphonic na Mozart, Beethoven, Wagner. Akā ʻo ke aloha o ka lehulehu i lawe mai iā Cluytens ma mua o ka wehewehe ʻana i nā mele Farani. I loko o kāna repertoire - nā mea maikaʻi loa i hana ʻia e nā haku mele Farani o ka wā i hala a me kēia manawa. Ua hōʻailona ʻia ke ʻano o ke alakaʻi o ka mea pena e ka nani Farani, ka lokomaikaʻi a me ka nani, ka hoihoi a me ka maʻalahi o ke kaʻina hana mele. Ua hōʻike maopopo ʻia kēia mau ʻano āpau i ka wā o ka huakaʻi hele ʻana o ke alakaʻi i ko mākou ʻāina. ʻAʻole no ka mea ʻole nā hana a Berlioz, Bizet, Franck, Debussy, Ravel, Duke, Roussel i noho i kahi kikowaena i kāna mau papahana. ʻIke pololei ʻia ka hoʻohewa ʻana i kāna kiʻi "ke koʻikoʻi a me ka hohonu o nā manaʻo noʻeau", "ka hiki ke hopu i ka orchestra", i ʻike i kāna "plastic, pololei loa a me ka hōʻike ʻana." "Ke kamaʻilio nei iā mākou ma ka ʻōlelo noʻeau," i kākau ai ʻo I. Martynov, "hōʻike pololei ʻo ia iā mākou i ka honua o nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo o nā mea haku mele nui. ʻO nā mea a pau o kona akamaiʻoihana kiʻekiʻe i lalo i kēia.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek
