Basset horn: wehewehe mea kani, mōʻaukala, haku mele, hoʻohana

ʻO ka basset horn kahi ʻano clarinet alto me ke kino lōʻihi a me ka leo haʻahaʻa, palupalu a mehana.

He mea hoʻololi kēia - ʻaʻole kūlike ka leo maoli o ka leo o ia mau mea me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā memo, ʻokoʻa i kekahi manawa i lalo a i luna.

ʻO ka pū kīwī he waha waha e hele ai i loko o kahi paipu piʻo i loko o ke kino e pau ana i ka bele ʻāwili. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka clarinet, a hiki i kahi memo a hiki i kahi octave liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa kēia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā valve hou i hoʻomalu ʻia e nā manamana liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​manamana lima o ka lima ʻākau, e pili ana i ka ʻāina o ka hana ʻana.

ʻO nā pepeiaohao Basset o ke kenekulia 18 he mau pihi a he keʻena kūikawā kahi i hoʻololi pinepine ai ka ea i ke ala a hāʻule i loko o kahi bele metala e hoʻonui ana.

ʻO kekahi o nā kope mua loa o kēia mea kani makani, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā kumu o ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia 18, ʻo ia ka hana a nā haku Michael a me Anton Meirhofer. Ua makemake ʻia ka pū kani basset e ka poʻe mele, nāna i hoʻomaka e hoʻonohonoho i nā hui liʻiliʻi a hoʻokani i ka opera arias kaulana i kēlā manawa, i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia no ka mea hou. Ua hoʻolohe pū ʻo Freemasons i ka "ʻohana" o ka clarinet: hoʻohana lākou i ka wā o kā lākou nui. Me kona kani haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hohonu, ua like ka mea kani me kahi okana, akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana.

Ua kākau ʻo A. Stadler, A. Rolla, I. Bakofen, a me nā mea haku mele ʻē aʻe no ka pu kani. Ua hoʻohana ʻo Mozart i kekahi mau hana - "The Magic Flute", "The Marriage of Figaro", ka "Requiem" kaulana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole i pau nā mea a pau. Ua kapa ʻo Bernard Shaw i ka mea kani "pono ​​​​no nā hoʻolewa" a manaʻoʻiʻo inā ʻaʻole ʻo Mozart, poina ka poʻe a pau e pili ana i ke ola ʻana o ka "alto clarinet", ua manaʻo ka mea kākau i kona kani ʻana a me ka hoihoi ʻole.

Ua laha nui ka pū kani basset i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 18 a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 19, akā ma hope ʻaʻole i hoʻohana hou ʻia. Ua loaʻa ka mea kani i kahi i loko o nā hana a Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Danzi, akā nalo maoli i nā makahiki he nui e hiki mai ana. I ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻomaka mālie ka kaulana o ka pū kani basset. Hāʻawi ʻo Richard Strauss iā ia i nā kuleana ma kāna mau keaka ʻo Elektra a me Der Rosenkavalier, a i kēia lā ua komo ʻo ia i nā hui clarinet a me nā orchestras.