Evgeny Fyodorovich Stankovych |
ʻO Yevhen Stankovych
I ka galaxy o Ukrainian haku mele o ka 70s. ʻO E. Stankovich kekahi o nā alakaʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, aia ma nā manaʻo nui, nā manaʻo, ka uhi ʻana i nā pilikia o ke ola, ko lākou ʻano mele, a hope loa i kahi kūlana civic, i ka mālama mau ʻana i nā manaʻo, i ka hakakā (ʻaʻole figurative - maoli! ) me nā luna mele.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Stankevich ma ke ʻano he "new folklore wave". ʻAʻole paha he ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i manaʻo i ka moʻolelo i mea e hoʻokomo ai i kēia a i kēlā kiʻi. No ia, he ʻano ola, he ʻano koʻikoʻi. No laila ka hoʻohana lokomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kumumanaʻo a me nā kiʻi kanaka, i hoʻohuli ʻia ma o ka prism o ka ʻike hou o ka honua i kona paʻakikī, maʻalahi, a me ka like ʻole.
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Stankovich ma ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi o Transcarpathian o Svalyava. ʻO ke kula mele, ke kula mele, ka lawelawe ma nā kūlana o ka Soviet Army. Ma hope o ka demobilization, lilo ʻo ia i haumāna ma ka Kyiv Conservatory (1965). No nā makahiki 3 o ke aʻo ʻana i ka papa o B. Lyatoshinsky, ua hoʻokō ʻo Stankovich i kāna kumu moʻomeheu kiʻekiʻe: e ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ka hana a me nā hana. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ke kumu, ua neʻe ʻo Stankovich i ka papa o M. Skorik, nāna i hāʻawi i kahi kula maikaʻi loa o ka ʻoihana.
ʻO nā mea a pau i ke mele e pili ana iā Stankovich. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano hana haku mele o kēia wā. ʻO Dodecaphony, aleatoric, sonorous effects, collage ua hoʻohana ʻia e ka haku mele, akā ʻaʻohe wahi i lilo i pahuhopu ponoʻī.
Mai kona mau makahiki haumāna, ua kākau nui ʻo Stankovich a ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, akā ua hana ʻia nā hana koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻano symphonic a me nā mele-theatrical genres: Sinfonietta, 5 symphonies, nā ballets Olga a me Prometheus, ka opera folk When the ʻO Fern Blooms - ua hōʻailona ʻia kēia mau hana a me nā hana ʻē aʻe e nā hiʻohiʻona kumu.
ʻO ka symphony mua ("Sinfonia larga") no nā mea kani he 15 (1973) he hihia kakaikahi o ka pōʻai hoʻokahi neʻe i ka manawa mālie. He mau manaʻo noʻonoʻo hohonu kēia a me nā mele, kahi i hōʻike maopopo ʻia ai ka makana a Stankovich ma ke ʻano he polyphonist.
I ka galaxy o Ukrainian haku mele o ka 70s. ʻO E. Stankovich kekahi o nā alakaʻi. ʻO ka mea mua, aia ma nā manaʻo nui, nā manaʻo, ka uhi ʻana i nā pilikia o ke ola, ko lākou ʻano mele, a hope loa i kahi kūlana civic, i ka mālama mau ʻana i nā manaʻo, i ka hakakā (ʻaʻole figurative - maoli! ) me nā luna mele.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Stankevich ma ke ʻano he "new folklore wave". ʻAʻole paha he ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i manaʻo i ka moʻolelo i mea e hoʻokomo ai i kēia a i kēlā kiʻi. No ia, he ʻano ola, he ʻano koʻikoʻi. No laila ka hoʻohana lokomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kumumanaʻo a me nā kiʻi kanaka, i hoʻohuli ʻia ma o ka prism o ka ʻike hou o ka honua i kona paʻakikī, maʻalahi, a me ka like ʻole.
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Stankovich ma ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi o Transcarpathian o Svalyava. ʻO ke kula mele, ke kula mele, ka lawelawe ma nā kūlana o ka Soviet Army. Ma hope o ka demobilization, lilo ʻo ia i haumāna ma ka Kyiv Conservatory (1965). No nā makahiki 3 o ke aʻo ʻana i ka papa o B. Lyatoshinsky, ua hoʻokō ʻo Stankovich i kāna kumu moʻomeheu kiʻekiʻe: e ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ka hana a me nā hana. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ke kumu, ua neʻe ʻo Stankovich i ka papa o M. Skorik, nāna i hāʻawi i kahi kula maikaʻi loa o ka ʻoihana.
ʻO nā mea a pau i ke mele e pili ana iā Stankovich. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano hana haku mele o kēia wā. ʻO Dodecaphony, aleatoric, sonorous effects, collage ua hoʻohana ʻia e ka haku mele, akā ʻaʻohe wahi i lilo i pahuhopu ponoʻī.
Mai kona mau makahiki haumāna, ua kākau nui ʻo Stankovich a ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, akā ua hana ʻia nā hana koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻano symphonic a me nā mele-theatrical genres: Sinfonietta, 5 symphonies, nā ballets Olga a me Prometheus, ka opera folk When the ʻO Fern Blooms - ua hōʻailona ʻia kēia mau hana a me nā hana ʻē aʻe e nā hiʻohiʻona kumu.
ʻO ka symphony mua ("Sinfonia larga") no nā mea kani he 15 (1973) he hihia kakaikahi o ka pōʻai hoʻokahi neʻe i ka manawa mālie. He mau manaʻo noʻonoʻo hohonu kēia a me nā mele, kahi i hōʻike maopopo ʻia ai ka makana a Stankovich ma ke ʻano he polyphonist.
ʻOkoʻa loa, ʻokoʻa nā kiʻi hakakā i ka Second ("Heroic") Symphony (1975), i uhi ʻia, ma nā ʻōlelo a ka mea haku mele, e ka "hōʻailona ahi" o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui.
I ka makahiki 1976, ʻike ʻia ka Third Symphony (“I Am Affirmed”) - he epic-philosophical large-scale symphonic canvas ʻeono, kahi i hoʻolauna ʻia ai ka papa hīmeni. ʻO ka waiwai nui o nā kiʻi, nā hoʻonā haku mele, nā dramaturgy mele waiwai e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia hana, e hoʻopau ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka hana a Stankovich. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka Third ʻo ia ka Fourth Symphony, i hana ʻia i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope ("Sinfonia lirisa"), ka ʻōlelo mele hanohano a ka mea pena. ʻO ka hope, ʻo ka Fifth ("Pastoral Symphony") he mele mele mele, ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke ʻano a me kahi o ke kanaka i loko (1980). No laila nā kumu pōkole-oli a me nā hōʻailona moʻomeheu pololei, ʻaʻole loa no Stankovich.
Me nā manaʻo nui, huli pinepine ʻo Stankevich i nā ʻōlelo keʻena. ʻO nā mea liʻiliʻi, i hoʻolālā ʻia no kahi hui liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻokani, hiki i ka mea haku mele ke hoʻololi koke i ke ʻano o ke ʻano, hana i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi loa o nā hale, hoʻomālamalama i nā kiʻi mai nā kihi like ʻole a, mahalo i ke akamai maoli, hana i nā haku mele kūpono, pili paha i ka pili pili loa. (Ua hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hemolele i ka makahiki 1985 ka UNESCO Music Commission i kapa ʻia ʻo Stankovic's Third Chamber Symphony (1982) ma waena o nā haku mele 10 maikaʻi loa ma ka honua.)
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ʻo Stankovich e ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni mele, ma mua o nā mea āpau e ka manawa e hoʻopā ai i ka mōʻaukala. He mea maʻamau ka folk-opera When the Fern Blooms (1979). He pūʻulu kēia o nā hiʻohiʻona ʻano-domestic a me nā hana kuʻuna i manaʻo ʻia no ka hana ʻahamele e ka State Ukrainian Folk Choir kaulana i ka honua. G. Na kaula. I loko o ka hui pū ʻana o nā laʻana moʻolelo maoli a me nā mele a ka mea kākau: hānau ʻia kahi ʻano hana keaka mele – me ka ʻole o ka manaʻo, kokoke i ka suite.
Loaʻa nā ʻōnaehana ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻonohonoho waiwai i nā ballets Olga (1982) a me Prometheus (1985). ʻO nā hanana mōʻaukala nui, nā kiʻi like ʻole a me nā moʻolelo e hānai i ka honua no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana mele nui. Ma ke mele o ka ballet "Olga" nā moʻolelo like ʻole e hoʻāla mai i nā manaʻo like ʻole: eia nā hiʻohiʻona heroic-dramatic, nā hiʻohiʻona aloha aloha, a me nā hiʻohiʻona kuʻuna kanaka. ʻO kēia paha, ʻo ia ka haku mele democratic a Stankovich, no ka mea, ʻaʻole like me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka hoʻomaka melodic ma aneʻi.
ʻO kekahi ma Prometheus. 'A'ole like me ka 'oki'oki 'oki 'ana o "Olga", aia 2 mau mokulele ma 'ane'i: 'oia'i'o a me ka hō'ailona. Ua hoʻokō ka mea haku mele i ka hana paʻakikī loa: e hoʻokomo i ke kumuhana o ka Great October Socialist Revolution ma ke ʻano mele.
Ua kōkua ʻia ʻo ia e pale i ka banality, straightforwardness, a clichés ʻaʻole wale ma ka wehewehe ʻana i ke aloha o nā kiʻi hōʻailona (Prometheus, kāna kaikamahine ʻo Iskra), akā, ʻo ka mea mua, e ka ulu ʻana o nā kumuhana, kahi ʻōlelo hou me ka ʻole o nā ʻae ʻia no nā kānāwai o ke ano. Ua ʻoi aku ka hohonu o ka hoʻonā mele ma mua o ka lālani waho. ʻO kahi kokoke loa i ka mea haku mele ke kiʻi o Prometheus, nāna i lawe mai i ka maikaʻi i ke kanaka a ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia e ʻeha mau loa no kēia hana. He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi ka manaʻo o ka ballet i mea e hiki ai ke hoʻokuʻi i ʻelua mau polar honua. Mahalo i kēia, ua kū mai kahi mele hakakā nui, me nā piʻi ikaika o ka dramatic a lyrical, sarcasm a me ka pōʻino maoli.
"No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kanaka i loko o ke kanaka", e hana i kona honua manaʻo, pane maʻalahi kona noʻonoʻo i nā "hōʻailona kelepona" o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. A laila ʻo ke ʻano o ke komo ʻana, empathy ʻaʻole e ʻae wale iā ʻoe e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hana, akā e kuhikuhi pono i ka mea hoʻolohe i nā pilikia o kēia lā. Hōʻike pololei kēia ʻōlelo a Stankovych i kona kūlana civic a hōʻike i ke ʻano o kāna hana kaiapuni ikaika (ke kākau ʻōlelo o ka Union of Composers o ka USSR a me ke kākau ʻōlelo mua o ka Union of Composers of the Ukrainian SSR, hope o ka Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR. , ka hope o ka poʻe o ka USSR), ke kumu o ka hana maikaʻi.
S. Filstein
