Galina Oleinichenko |

Galina Oleinichenko

He waiwai kēia makahiki i nā lā hoʻomanaʻo o nā haku o ke kula leo aupuni. A ke hoʻolauleʻa nei mākou i ka mua o lākou i ka hopena o Pepeluali, i ka pō o ka pūnāwai i kali lōʻihi ʻia. ʻOi aku ka hōʻailona o kēia no ka mea ʻo ke kālena o kā mākou meʻe o ka lā, a i ʻole ka meʻe o ka lā, ua kūlike me ke ʻano o ka punawai - ʻālohilohi a maʻemaʻe, akahai a mele, māmā a mahalo. Ma kahi hua'ōlelo, i kēia lā ke hoʻohanohano nei mākou i ka mea mele maikaʻi loa ʻo Galina Vasilievna Oleinichenko, nona ka leo poina ʻole i kani i loko o kā mākou leo ​​leo no kahi o kanakolu makahiki a ua ʻike nui ʻia e nā poʻe aloha opera.

Ua kaulana ʻo Galina Oleynichenko, ʻo ka mea mua, he hōkū coloratura o ka Bolshoi Theatre o 60-70s. Eia naʻe, ua hele mai ʻo ia i Moscow ma ke ʻano he mele i hoʻokumu ʻia, a ʻo ia hoʻi, ua lanakila ʻo ia i ʻekolu mau hoʻokūkū leo. Eia naʻe, ʻo nā mea koʻikoʻi nui loa o kāna ʻoihana e pili ana i ke kahua opera nui o ka USSR: aia ma ʻaneʻi, i ka hale keaka, ʻo ia ka moeʻuhane hope loa a me ka wahi kiʻekiʻe loa o ka ʻoihana o kēlā me kēia leo leo Soviet, ʻo ke mele a ka mea mele. Ua hōʻike nui ʻia ke kālena kahua.

Ua hānauʻiaʻo Galina Oleinichenko i ka lā 23 o Pepeluali, 1928 ma Ukraine, e like me ka Nezhdanova nui kokoke i Odessa, he mea hōʻailona ia i kekahiʻano, no ka mea,ʻo Oleinichenko ia, me Irina Maslennikova, Elizaveta Shumskaya, Vera Firsova a me Bela Rudenko, i ka lua. ʻO ka hapalua o ke kenekulia 1933 i hoʻokani i ke kuleana o ke kahu a me ka hope o nā kuʻuna maikaʻi loa o ka mele coloratura ma ke kahua o ka Bolshoi Theatre, i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka coloratura nui o nā makahiki ma mua o ke kaua, nā hope koke o Nezhdanova - Valeria Barsova, Elena ʻO Stepanova lāua ʻo Elena Katulskaya. Ua hoʻomaka ka mea mele i ka wā e hiki mai ana i kāna hoʻonaʻauao mele i ka wā kamaliʻi, e aʻo ana i ka papa harp ma ke kula mele kūikawā ʻumi makahiki. PS Stolyarsky. ʻO kēia keʻena hoʻonaʻauao, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma XNUMX, ua ʻike nui ʻia i ka ākea o ko mākou ʻāina, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻomaka ai nā mea hoʻokani pila kaulana i ko lākou huakaʻi. Me kahi mea hana maʻamau a kupanaha i manaʻo ai ʻo Galina ʻōpio e hoʻohui i kona wā e hiki mai ana, e aʻo ikaika a me ka makemake nui. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻololi koke ka hopena i kāna mau hoʻolālā i ka wā i ʻike ai ka mea mele i ka wā e hiki mai ana i kahi makana maikaʻi - he leo, a ua lilo koke ʻo ia i haumāna no ke keʻena leo o ka Odessa Musical College.

Ua noho ʻo Odessa o ia mau makahiki i ke kikowaena moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi o ka USSR, e hoʻoili ana i kēia kūlana mai ka wā ma mua o ke kipi. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka Odessa Opera House kekahi o nā mea kahiko loa ma ka ʻāina o ke Aupuni Lūkini (ua hoʻokumu ʻia ia i ka makahiki 1810), i ka wā i hala aku nei ua ʻā nā hōkū opera honua ma kona kahua - e like me Fyodor Chaliapin, Salome Krushelnitskaya, Leonid Sobinov, ʻO Medea lāua ʻo Nikolai Figner, Giuseppe Anselmi, Enrico Caruso, Mattia Battistini, Leone Giraldoni, Titta Ruffo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. A ʻoiai i nā makahiki Soviet ʻaʻole i hana hou i ke kono ʻana i nā hōkū opera Italia, ua hoʻomau ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kahi kūlana ikaika i ka lewa mele o kahi ʻāina ākea, e koe ana i waena o nā hui mele maikaʻi loa o ka USSR: ʻoihana ka pae o ka He kiʻekiʻe loa ka troupe, kahi i hoʻokō mua ʻia ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā limahana aʻoaʻo koʻikoʻi ma ka Odessa Conservatory (Professors Yu.A. nā mea hoʻokani malihini mai Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv, Tbilisi, etc.

ʻO ia ʻano kaiapuni ka hopena maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā mākau ʻoihana, ka moʻomeheu ākea a me ka ʻono o ke kālena ʻōpio. Inā i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna aʻo ʻana aia kekahi mau kānalua, a laila i ka manawa i puka ai ʻo ia mai ke kulanui, ua ʻike maopopo ʻo Galina makemake ʻo ia e lilo i mele, e hoʻomau i kāna aʻo ʻana i ke mele. I ka makahiki 1948, ua komo 'o ia i ka 'Oihana leo o ka Odessa Conservatory. ʻO AV Nezhdanova ma ka papa o Professor NA Urban, āna i puka ai me ka hanohano i nā makahiki ʻelima i kauoha ʻia.

Akā ʻo ka hoʻomaka mua o Oleinichenko ma ke kahua ʻoihana i hana ʻia ma mua iki - i ka makahiki 1952, ma ke ʻano he haumāna, ua ʻike mua ʻo ia ma ke kahua o ka Odessa Opera ʻo Gilda, ka mea i lilo i hōkū alakaʻi o kāna ʻoihana. ʻOiai ʻo kona ʻōpio ʻōpio a me ka nele o ka ʻike ʻoihana koʻikoʻi, ua lawe koke ʻo Oleinichenko i ke kūlana o ke alakaʻi soloist ma ka hale keaka, e hana ana i ka repertoire holoʻokoʻa o ka lyric-coloratura soprano. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke kālena leo koʻikoʻi o ka mea hīmeni i hoʻokani i ke kuleana koʻikoʻi i kēia - he leo nani, ʻoluʻolu a māmā hoʻi ʻo ia o ke kala ʻulaʻula, kala kala, a mākaukau i ka ʻenehana coloratura. ʻO ka ʻono maikaʻi a me ke mele i hiki iā ia ke haku i ka repertoire ʻokoʻa loa i ka manawa pōkole. ʻEkolu mau kau ma ke kahua o ka Odessa Opera nāna i hāʻawi i ka mea mele, me kahi kumu paʻa o ka hoʻonaʻauao leo i loaʻa ma ka conservatory, ka ʻike kūpono i ka hana kiʻi, i hiki ai iā ia ke noho i haku o ke ʻano nui no nā makahiki he nui. , e like me kā lākou e ʻōlelo nei, "ma mua o ka kānalua".

I ka makahiki 1955, ua lilo ka mea mele i mea mele me ka Kyiv Opera, kahi āna i hana ai no nā kau ʻelua. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kolu o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni koʻikoʻi o ka USSR he mea kūlohelohe ia, no ka mea, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua hōʻailona ia i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana kūleʻa, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, he mea nui ia no ka hoʻomohala ʻoihana o ka mea mele, no ka mea, ma aneʻi ʻo ia i hui ai. me nā luminaries o ka Ukrainian opera o ia mau makahiki, hele mai i loko o ka pilina me ke kahua a me ka leo kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe moʻomeheu. I kēlā manawa, he pūʻulu ikaika loa o nā mele mele, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kuleana o ka coloratura soprano, i kolo ma ke kahua Kyiv. Ma waho aʻe o Oleinichenko, ua'ālohilohiʻo Elizaveta Chavdar a me Bela Rudenko i ka hui, ua hoʻomakaʻo Evgenia Miroshnichenko i kāna huakaʻi, ma hope iki o Lamar Chkonia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻoholo kēlā ʻano mele mele i ka repertoire - nā alakaʻi a me nā alakaʻi i hoʻonohonoho i nā coloratura divas, hiki ke hīmeni i nā ʻāpana i nā opera ʻaʻole i hana pinepine ʻia. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, aia kekahi hoʻokūkū paʻakikī i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ʻike pinepine ʻia kahi ʻāʻī i ka pilina o nā mea pena. Malia paha, ua hana pū kēia i ka manaʻo o Oleinichenko e ʻae i kahi kono mai Moscow i kekahi manawa ma hope.

I ka wā ma mua o Moscow, ua komo ikaika ka mea pena i nā hoʻokūkū hīmeni, e lanakila ana i ka inoa o ka laureate i ʻekolu mau hoʻokūkū. Ua loaʻa iā ia kāna mekala gula mua ma 1953 ma ka International Festival of Youth and Students ma Bucharest. Ma hope mai, i ka 1956, ua lanakila ma ka All-Union Vocal Competition ma Moscow, a 1957 i lawe mai i ka opio mele i lanakila maoli - he mekala gula a me ka Grand Prix ma ka International Vocal Competition ma Toulouse. ʻO ka lanakila ma Toulouse he mea ʻoluʻolu a koʻikoʻi no Oleinichenko, no ka mea, ʻaʻole like me nā hoʻokūkū ma mua kahi āna i komo ai, he hoʻokūkū leo papa honua kūikawā, ʻike mau ʻia e ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka poʻe komo a me ke koʻikoʻi kūikawā o kahi jure kaulana.

ʻAʻole i lele wale ka leo o ka lanakila ma Farani i kona kamaʻāina ʻo Ukraine - ʻo Oleinichenko, ka mea i nānā lōʻihi i Moscow ma ke ʻano he mele hoʻohiki, makemake nui i ka Bolshoi Theatre. A i ka makahiki 1957, ua hoʻomaka mua ʻia ʻo Galina Vasilyevna ma ke kahua o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Lūkini nui ma kāna wahi punahele o Gilda, a ʻo kāna mau hoa i kēlā ahiahi he mau haku koʻikoʻi o nā leo Lūkini - mele ʻo Alexei Ivanov i ka ʻāpana o Rigoletto. , a hīmeni ʻo Anatoly Orfenov i ke Duke o Mantua. ʻOi aku ka holomua ma mua o ka holomua. Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Orfenov ma hope o kēia manawa: "Ua hana wau i ka ʻāpana o ke Duke i kēlā hana, a mai ia manawa ua mahalo nui au iā Galina Vasilievna ma ke ʻano he mele maikaʻi a he hoa maikaʻi. 'O ke kanalua,'o Oleinichenko, e like me kāna'ikepili a pau, ua ho'okō i nā koi ki'eki'e o ka Bolshoi Theatre.

ʻAʻole i lilo ka hana mua i hoʻokahi hoʻokahi, i hana pinepine ʻia i ka wā o ka kūleʻa: ma ka mea ʻē aʻe, lilo ʻo Oleinichenko i soloist o ka Bolshoi. Inā noho ka mea mele ma Kyiv, inā paha he nui aku ke kuhina nui i kona ola, e loaʻa iā ia nā poʻo inoa a me nā makana i ka wikiwiki, me ka inoa kiʻekiʻe o People's Artist of the USSR, ʻaʻole i loaʻa, ʻoiai ʻo ia. pono ia. Akā ʻo kona mau hoa hoʻokūkū ʻo Chavdar lāua ʻo Rudenko, ka mea i hoʻomau i ka hīmeni ʻana ma ka Kyiv Opera, ua loaʻa iā ia ma mua o ko lākou hiki ʻana i ke kanakolu makahiki - ʻo ia ke kulekele o nā luna moʻomeheu Soviet e pili ana i nā hale keaka aupuni. Akā, ma kekahiʻaoʻao, ua lakiʻo Oleinichenko i ka hana ma kekahi o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa o ka honua, i hoʻopuniʻia e nā haku kaulana - e like me kouʻike, ua kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka opera troupe i nā makahiki 60-70. ʻOi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa, ua huakaʻi ka mea mele i nā ʻāina ʻē me ka hui keaka, loaʻa iā ia ka manawa e hōʻike i kona akamai i kahi mea hoʻolohe haole.

Ua hoʻokani ʻo Galina Oleinichenko ma ke kahua o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Bolshoi no kahi hapaha o ke kenekulia, ua hana ʻo ia i kahi repertoire nui i kēia manawa. ʻO ka mea mua, ma ke kahua Moscow, ua hoʻomālamalama ka mea pena i nā ʻāpana lyric-coloratura kahiko, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa i manaʻo ʻia ʻo Violetta, Rosina, Suzanna, Snegurochka, Martha i ka Tsar's Bride, Tsarevna Swan, Volkhova, Antonida, Lyudmila. Ma kēia mau kuleana, ua hōʻike ka mea mele i nā mākau leo ​​kū ʻole, ka virtuosity i ka ʻenehana coloratura, a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ke kahua noʻonoʻo. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole i haʻalele ʻo Oleinichenko i nā mele o kēia wā - ʻo kāna repertoire operatic kekahi mau hana i loko o nā keaka a nā mea haku mele Soviet. ʻOiai i loko o nā makahiki o ka hana ma Odessa, ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he Nastya ma ka opera ʻo Dmitry Kabalevsky ʻo The Taras Family. Ua hoʻopiha hou ʻia ka repertoire hou ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Bolshoi me ka nui o nā hana hou, ma waena o lākou: nā mea hoʻomaka o nā operas The Tale of a Real Man na Sergei Prokofiev (ʻo Olga ʻāpana), The Fate of a Man na Ivan Dzerzhinsky (Zinka) , a me ʻOkakopa na Vano Muradeli (Lena).

ʻO ke komo ʻana i ka hana mua ma ke kahua Lūkini o Benjamin Britten opera nani ʻo A Midsummer Night's Dream, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia i ka hana ma ka repertoire opera hou. Ua lilo ʻo Galina Oleinichenko i mea hoʻokani Lūkini mua loa o ka ʻāpana paʻakikī a hoihoi loa o ka mōʻī wahine o nā elves Titania ma ke ʻano o nā mea leo. ʻOi aku kēia kuleana ma mua o ka piha ʻana i nā ʻano leo leo like ʻole, ma ʻaneʻi ua hoʻohana ʻia i ka nui o ka hiki o kēia ʻano leo. Ua hoʻokō ʻo Oleinichenko i nā hana me ka nani, a ʻo ke kiʻi āna i hana ai i lilo i hoʻokahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi o ka hana, kahi i hui pū ai i nā mea hoʻokani pila maoli - ke alakaʻi ʻo Boris Pokrovsky, ke alakaʻi ʻo Gennady Rozhdestvensky, ka mea pena ʻo Nikolai Benois, nā mele ʻo Elena Obraztsova, ʻO Alexander Ognivtsev, Evgeny Kibkalo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ka hopena iā Galina Oleinichenko i kēlā makana, ʻoiai ʻo ia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mau hana hoihoi a me nā hana kupanaha. Ua nānā nui ka mea mele i nā hana ʻaha mele, ua mākaʻikaʻi ikaika i ka ʻāina a i waho. Ua hoʻomaka koke kāna huakaʻi ma hope o ka lanakila ʻana ma Toulouse, a no ka hapahā o ke kenekulia, ua mālama ʻia nā ʻaha mele mele a Oleinichenko ma ʻEnelani, Farani, Helene, Pelekania, ʻAuseturia, Holland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Kina, Romania, Polani, Kelemānia, etc. me nā Arias mai nā opera, i hoʻokomoʻia i loko o kāna papa hana keaka, ua hoʻokani ka mea mele ma ke kahua ʻaha mele arias mai "Lucia di Lammermoor", "Mignon", "Manon" na Massenet, coloratura arias na Rossini, Delibes. Hōʻike ʻia nā papa mele Chamber e nā inoa o Glinka, Rimsky-Korsakov, Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninoff, Bach, Schubert, Liszt, Grieg, Gounod, Saint-Saens, Debussy, Gliere, Prokofiev, Kabalevsky, Khrennikov, Dunaevsky, Meitus. Hoʻokani pinepine ʻo Oleinichenko i nā mele poʻe Ukrainian mai ke kahua ʻaha mele. ʻO ka hana keʻena o Galina Vasilievna e pili kokoke ana me ka Violin Ensemble o ka Bolshoi Theatre ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Yuli Reentovich - ua hana pinepine ʻo ia me kēia hui ma ko mākou ʻāina a ma waho.

Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Bolshoi, ua nānā ʻo Galina Oleinichenko i ke aʻo ʻana. I kēia lā he kumu ʻo ia ma ka Russian Academy of Music. ʻO Gnesins, ma ke ʻano he kumu aʻoaʻo, hui pū me ka papahana New Names.

Makemake mākou i ke olakino maikaʻi o ka mea mele maikaʻi a me ke kumu a me nā mea hoʻokō hou aʻe!

A. Matusevich, operanews.ru