Gara Garayev |

Gara Garayev

I kona wā'ōpiopio, he kanaka ho'okele ka'a 'o Kara Karaev. Ua pane ka heihei huhū i kona pono no ka pilikia, no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manaʻo lanakila ma luna ona. Ua loaʻa iā ia kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, kūʻē loa a mālama ʻia no ke ola, "noho mālie" hoʻokipa - kiʻi. ʻO ka lens o kāna mea hana, me ka pololei nui a i ka manawa like e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano pilikino o ka mea nona, kuhikuhi i ka honua a puni - kāʻili i ka neʻe ʻana o kahi mea hele mai kahi kahawai o ke kūlanakauhale, hoʻopaʻa i kahi hiʻohiʻona ola a noʻonoʻo paha, hana i nā silhouettes. ʻO nā rigs aila e piʻi mai ana mai ka hohonu o ka Caspian "kamaʻilio" e pili ana i kēia lā, a e pili ana i ka wā i hala - nā lālā maloʻo o ka lāʻau mulberry Apsheron kahiko a i ʻole nā ​​hale nani o ʻAigupita kahiko ...

Ua lawa ka hoʻolohe ʻana i nā hana i hana ʻia e ka mea haku mele kaulana ʻo Azerbaijani, a ua ʻike ʻia ʻo nā leʻaleʻa o Karaev he hōʻike wale nō ia o ke ʻano o kāna mele. Hōʻike ʻia ka helehelena makakū o Karaev e ka hui pū ʻana o ke ʻano nani me ka helu kiʻi kikoʻī; nā ʻano kala like ʻole, ka waiwai o ka palette manaʻo - me ka hohonu o ka noʻonoʻo; ʻO ka hoihoi i nā kumuhana kumuhana o ko mākou manawa i noho iā ia me ka hoihoi i ka mōʻaukala i hala. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā mele e pili ana i ke aloha a me ka hakakā, e pili ana i ke ʻano a me ka ʻuhane o ke kanaka, ua ʻike ʻo ia i ke kani ʻana i nā leo i ke ao o ka noʻonoʻo, nā moeʻuhane, ka hauʻoli o ke ola a me ke anuanu o ka make ...

ʻO ka haku akamai i nā kānāwai o ka haku mele, kahi mea pena kiʻi o ke ʻano kumu maoli, ʻo Karaev, i kāna ʻoihana holoʻokoʻa, ua hoʻoikaika ʻo ia no ka hana hou ʻana i ka ʻōlelo a me ke ʻano o kāna mau hana. "E like me ka makahiki" - ʻo ia ke kauoha nui a Karaev. A e like me kona mau makahiki ʻōpio ua lanakila ʻo ia iā ia iho i ka holo wikiwiki ʻana ma luna o ke kaʻa kaʻa, no laila ua lanakila mau ʻo ia i ka inertia o ka noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo. "I ʻole e kū mālie," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia e pili ana i kāna lā hānau he kanalima, i ka wā i hala lōʻihi ai ka kaulana o ka honua ma hope ona, "pono ​​​​e" hoʻololi iā ʻoe iho.

ʻO Karaev kekahi o nā ʻelele maikaʻi loa o ke kula o D. Shostakovich. Ua puka 'o ia i ka makahiki 1946 mai ka Moscow Conservatory ma ka papa haku mele o keia mea pena akamai. Akā, ma mua o ka lilo'ana i haumana, ua ho'omaopopo loa ka mea ho'okani pila i ka haku mele o ka po'e Azerbaijani. Ma nā mea huna o kāna moʻolelo kamaʻāina, ashug a me mugham art, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ʻo Garayev i ka Baku Conservatory e ka mea nāna i hana a me ka haku mele ʻoihana mua o Azerbaijan, ʻo U. Hajibeyov.

Ua kākau ʻo Karaev i nā mele ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kāna mau waiwai hoʻomohala nā haku mele no ke keaka mele, symphonic a me ke keʻena-instrumental, romances, cantatas, nā pāʻani keiki, nā mele no nā hana keaka a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Ua hoihoi ʻia ʻo ia e nā kumumanaʻo a me nā manaʻo mai ke ola o nā poʻe like ʻole o ka honua - ua komo hohonu ʻo ia i ke ʻano a me ka ʻuhane o nā mele mele o Albania, Vietnam, Turkey, Bulgaria, Sepania, nā ʻāina ʻApelika a me ka Hikina Arab… Hiki ke ho'ākāka 'ia kāna mau haku mele ma ke 'ano he mau milestone 'a'ole wale no kona haku hana pono'ī, akā, no nā mele Soviet pū kekahi.

Nui nā hana nui i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ke kumuhana o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui a ua hana ʻia ma lalo o ka manaʻo pololei o nā hanana maoli. ʻO ia ka ʻelua ʻāpana First Symphony - kekahi o nā hana mua o kēia ʻano ma Azerbaijan (1943), ʻike ʻia ia e nā ʻano like ʻole o nā kiʻi dramatic a me nā mele. I loko o ka ʻelima mau neʻe ʻelua Symphony, i kākau ʻia e pili ana i ka lanakila ma luna o ka fascism (1946), ua hui pū ʻia nā kuʻuna o nā mele Azerbaijani me ka classicism (kahi expressive 4-movement passacaglia i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka mugham-type thematics). I ka makahiki 1945, ma ka hui pū ʻana me D. Gadzhnev, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka opera Veten (Motherland, lib. na I. Idayat-zade a me M. Rahim), kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka manaʻo o ka pilina ma waena o ka poʻe Soviet i ka hakakā ʻana no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana. o ka Makuahine ua hoohiwahiwa ia.

Ma waena o nā hana mua o ke keʻena, ʻo ke kiʻi piano "The Tsarskoye Selo Statue" (ma hope o A. Pushkin, 1937) kū i waho, ʻo ke ʻano o nā kiʻi i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka synthesis o ka leo ʻana o ka lāhui me ka nani o ke ʻano. ; ʻO Sonatina ma A minor for piano (1943), kahi i hoʻomohala ʻia ai nā mea hōʻike aupuni e like me ka "classicism" a Prokofiev; ʻO ka Quartet String ʻElua (i hoʻolaʻa ʻia iā D. Shostakovich, 1947), kaulana no kona kala ʻōpio māmā. ʻO nā mele aloha a Pushkin "Ma nā Hills o Georgia" a me "I Loved You" (1947) no nā hana maikaʻi loa o nā mele leo leo a Karaev.

Ma waena o nā hana o ka wā makua ʻo ka symphonic poem "Leyli a me Majnun" (1947), ka mea i hōʻailona i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka symphony lyric-dramatic ma Azerbaijan. ʻO ka hopena pōʻino o nā poʻe koa o ka mele mele a Nizami o ka inoa hoʻokahi i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kiʻi kaumaha, hoihoi, hanohano o ka mele. ʻO nā kumu hoʻolālā o Nizami's "Five" ("Khamse") i hoʻokumu i ke kumu o ka ballet "Seven Beauties" (1952, kākau ʻia e I. Idayat-zade, S. Rahman a me Y. Slonimsky), kahi kiʻi o ke ola. o ka poʻe Azerbaijani i ka wā i hala aku nei, ʻo kāna hakakā me ka wiwo ʻole i ka poʻe hoʻokaumaha. ʻO ke kiʻi koʻikoʻi o ka ballet he kaikamahine maʻalahi mai ka poʻe, ʻo kāna aloha hoʻolaʻa ponoʻī iā Shah Bahram nawaliwali i loaʻa i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe. I ka hakakā ʻana no Bahram, kūʻē ʻia ʻo Aisha e nā kiʻi o ka Vizier insidious a me nā mea hoʻowalewale nani a nani ʻehiku. ʻO ka ballet a Karaev kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea o ka hulahula poʻe Azerbaijani me nā kumu symphonic o nā baleti a Tchaikovsky. ʻO ka ballet ʻālohilohi, multicolored, emotionally rich The Path of Thunder (e pili ana i ka moʻolelo na P. Abrahams, 1958), kahi i pili ai ka heroic pathos me ka hakakā ʻana o nā lāhui o ʻApelika ʻEleʻele no ko lākou kūʻokoʻa, he hoihoi no ka poʻe akamai. Ua hoʻomohala i ka hakakā mele a me ka hakakā, ʻo ka symphony o Negro folklore element (ʻo ka ballet ka ʻāpana mua o nā mele Soviet e hoʻomohala i nā mele ʻApelika ma kēlā ʻano pālākiō).

I kona mau makahiki oʻo, ua hoʻomau ka hana a Karaev a hoʻomohala i kahi manaʻo e hoʻonui i nā mele Azerbaijani me nā ʻano o ka hōʻike. ʻO nā hana kahi i kaulana loa ai kēia ʻano, ʻo ia ka symphonic engraving Don Quixote (1960, ma hope o M. Cervantes), i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka leo Spanish, he pōʻai ʻewalu mau ʻāpana, ma ke kaʻina o ke kiʻi pōʻino o ka Naita o ke Kiʻi Kaumaha. puka mai; ʻO Sonata no ka violin a me ka piano (1960), i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ke kumu aʻoaʻo o ka wā kamaliʻi, ʻo ka mea hoʻokani pila maikaʻi ʻo V. Kozlov (ka hopena o ka hana, kahi passacaglia dramatic, i kūkulu ʻia ma kāna anagram kani); 6 mau ʻāpana hope mai ka pōʻai o 24 "preludes for piano" (1951-63).

Ua hoʻohui ʻia ke ʻano ʻōiwi me ke akamai nui mai ke ʻano maʻamau i ka Third Symphony for Chamber Orchestra (1964), kekahi o nā hana nui mua o nā mele Soviet i hana ʻia me ke ʻano o ka ʻenehana serial.

ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o ka symphony - ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o ke kanaka "e pili ana i ka manawa a e pili ana iā ia iho" - multifacetedly refracted i ka ikehu o ka hana o ka hapa mua, i ka iridescent sonority o ka ashug oli o ka lua, i ka philosophical noonoo o Andante, i ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o ke coda, e hoʻopau i ka hoʻohenehene maikaʻi ʻole o ka fugue hope.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona mele like ʻole (i hōʻaiʻē ʻia mai ke kenekulia 1974 a me nā mea hou e pili ana i ke ʻano "big beat") i hoʻoholo i ka dramaturgy o ka mele The Furious Gascon (1967, e pili ana iā Cyrano de Bergerac na E. Rostand) e pili ana i ka French kaulana. poet noonoo kuokoa. ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe hoʻolālā o Karaev pū kekahi me ka Violin Concerto (12, hoʻolaʻa iā L. Kogan), piha i ke kanaka kiʻekiʻe, a me ka pōʻai "1982 Fugues for Piano" - ka hana hope a ka haku mele (XNUMX), he laʻana o ka noʻonoʻo hohonu hohonu a me ka polyphonic nani. ka manaʻo.

Lohe ʻia ke mele o ka haku Soviet ma nā ʻāina he nui o ka honua. ʻO nā loina noʻeau a me ka nani o Karaev, ka haku mele a me ke kumu (no nā makahiki he nui ʻo ia he kumu ma ka Azerbaijan State Conservatory), i hana nui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kula haku mele ʻo Azerbaijani hou, helu ʻia i nā hanauna he nui a waiwai i nā ʻano pilikino. . ʻO kāna hana, ka mea i hoʻoheheʻe maoli i nā kuʻuna o ka moʻomeheu aupuni a me nā hoʻokō o ka hana honua i kahi ʻano hou, kumu maoli, hoʻonui i nā palena o ka mele Azerbaijani.

A. Bretanitskaya