George Szell (George Szell) |

George Szell

ʻO ka pinepine, alakaʻi nā alakaʻi i nā hui maikaʻi loa, ua loaʻa mua i ka kaulana honua. He ʻokoʻa ʻo George Sell i kēia lula. I kona lawe ʻana i ke alakaʻi o ka Cleveland Orchestra ma mua o iwakālua makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻaʻole i ʻike iki ʻia ʻo ia; ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā Clevelands, ʻoiai ua hauʻoli lākou i ka maikaʻi maikaʻi, lanakila ʻia e Rodzinsky, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka elite o nā orkestra ʻAmelika. Me he mea lā ua hana ʻia ke alakaʻi alakaʻi a me ka orkestra no kekahi i kekahi, a i kēia manawa, ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua lanakila pono lākou i ka ʻike honua.

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i kono ʻia ʻo Sell i ka pou o ke alakaʻi alakaʻi - ua kaulana ʻo ia ma ʻAmelika ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani pila a he mea hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi loa. Ua ulu kēia mau ʻano i ka conductor i nā makahiki he nui o ka hana noʻeau. He Czech ma ka hānau ʻana, ua hānau ʻia ʻo Sell a hoʻonaʻauao ʻia ma Budapest, a i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāhā, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mele mele ma ka ʻaha mele lehulehu, e hoʻokani ana i kahi Rondo no ka piano a me ka hoʻokani pila o kāna mele ponoʻī. A i ka makahiki ʻumikūmāono, ua alakaʻi ʻo Sell i ka Vienna Symphony Orchestra. I ka wā mua, ua ulu like kāna mau hana ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi, haku mele a pianist; ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo ia iā ia iho me nā kumu maikaʻi loa, lawe i nā haʻawina mai J.-B. Foerster a me M. Reger. I ka wā i alakaʻi ai ʻo Sell he ʻumikūmāhiku makahiki i kāna symphony ma Berlin a hoʻokani ʻo Beethoven's Fifth Piano Concerto, ua lohe ʻia ʻo ia e Richard Strauss. Ua hoʻoholo kēia i ka hopena o ka mea hoʻokani pila. Ua ʻōlelo ka haku mele kaulana iā ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi no Strasbourg, a mai ia manawa i hoʻomaka ai ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o Sell. Ua hana ʻo ia me nā mea hoʻokani pila maikaʻi he nui, ua loaʻa i nā hopena noʻeau maikaʻi loa, akā ... i kēlā me kēia manawa, no nā kumu like ʻole, pono ʻo ia e haʻalele i kāna mau papa a neʻe i kahi hou. ʻO Prague, Darmstadt, Düsseldorf, Berlin (ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ia i hana ai i ka lōʻihi loa - ʻeono makahiki), Glasgow, The Hague - ʻo ia kekahi o nā "hoʻomaha" lōʻihi loa ma kāna ala hana.

I ka makahiki 1941, ua neʻe ʻo Sell i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. I kekahi manawa ua kono ʻo Arturo Toscanini iā ​​ia e alakaʻi i kāna mele NBC, a ua loaʻa iā ia ka lanakila a me nā kono he nui. No ʻehā makahiki ʻo ia e hana ana ma ka Metropolitan Opera, kahi āna i hana ai i kekahi mau hana koʻikoʻi (Salome a me Der Rosenkavalier na Strauss, Tannhäuser a me Der Ring des Nibelungen na Wagner, Otello na Verdi). A laila hoʻomaka ka hana me ka Cleveland Orchestra. Ma ʻaneʻi, i ka hopena, hiki i nā ʻano maikaʻi loa o kahi alakaʻi ke hōʻike iā lākou iho - kahi moʻomeheu ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe, ka hiki ke hoʻokō i ka ʻenehana kūpono a me ka lokahi i ka hana, kahi ʻike ākea. ʻO kēia mau mea a pau, ua kōkua iā Sell e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pāʻani o ka hui i kahi kiʻekiʻe i ka manawa pōkole. Ua loaʻa i ke kūʻai aku ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka orchestra (mai 85 a ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mau mea mele); Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papa mele mau ma ka orchestra, i alakaʻi ʻia e ke alakaʻi akamai ʻo Robert Shaw. ʻO ka maʻalahi o ka mea alakaʻi i hāʻawi i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka repertoire o ka orchestra, kahi i loaʻa ai nā hana nui o nā mele kahiko - Beethoven, Brahms, Haydn, Mozart. ʻO kā lākou noʻonoʻo ʻana ke kumu o nā papahana a ke alakaʻi. ʻO kahi wahi koʻikoʻi i kāna repertoire e noho pū ʻia e nā mele Czech, kahi kokoke loa i kāna ʻano ʻano kiʻi.

Hoʻokani makemake ʻo Sell i nā mele Lūkini (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Rimsky-Korsakov a me Tchaikovsky) a hana ʻia e nā mea kākau o kēia wā. I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala iho nei, ua hana ka Cleveland Orchestra, alakaʻi ʻia e Szell, i inoa nona iho ma ke kahua honua. ʻElua mau huakaʻi nui o ʻEulopa (ma 1957 a me 1965). I ka lua o ka huakaʻi, ua hoʻokani ka orchestra ma ko mākou ʻāina no kekahi mau pule. Ua mahalo ka poʻe hoʻolohe Soviet i ke akamai kiʻekiʻe o ke alakaʻi, kona ʻono maikaʻi ʻole, a me kona hiki ke hoʻopuka pono i nā manaʻo o ka poʻe haku mele i ke anaina.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek, 1969