Gian Francesco Malipiero |

Gian Francesco Malipiero

Hānau ʻia i loko o ka ʻohana mele. Mai ka makahiki 9 ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka hoʻokani pila. Ma 1898-99 ua hele ʻo ia i ka Vienna Conservatory (nā haʻawina harmoni). Mai ka makahiki 1899, ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka haku mele a me ke alakaʻi ʻana me ME Bossi ma ka Musical Lyceum B. Marcello ma Venice, a laila ma ka Musical Lyceum ma Bologna (ua puka ʻo ia i ka makahiki 1904). Ua aʻo kūʻokoʻa i ka hana a nā haku Italia kahiko. Ma 1908-09 ua hele ʻo ia i nā haʻiʻōlelo a M. Bruch ma Berlin. I ka makahiki 1921-24 ua aʻo ʻo ia ma ka Conservatory. ʻO A. Boito ma Parma (ka manaʻo mele), i ka makahiki 1932-53 kumu (ka papa mele; mai ka makahiki 1940 hoʻi ke alakaʻi) o ka Conservatory. B. Marcello ma Venice. Ma waena o kāna mau haumāna ʻo L. Nono, B. Maderna.

ʻO Malipiero kekahi o nā haku mele Italia nui loa o ke kenekulia 20. Loaʻa iā ia nā hana o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Ua hoʻohuli ʻia ʻo ia e ka French Impressionists, a me NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hana a Malipiero e kahi ʻano ʻāina ʻālohilohi (hilinaʻi ʻana i nā kuʻuna a me nā kuʻuna Italia kahiko), a me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā mea mele hou. Ua kōkua ʻo Malipiero i ke ola hou ʻana o nā mele mea kani Italia ma kahi kumu hou. Ua hōʻole ʻo ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka manaʻo like ʻole, makemake ʻo ia i ka mosaic hoʻohālikelike o kēlā me kēia manawa. Ma kekahi mau hana wale nō e hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻenehana dodecaphone; Ua kūʻē ʻo Malipiero i nā hana avant-garde. Ua hoʻopili nui ʻo Malipiero i ka hōʻike melodic a me ka hōʻike improvisational o ka mea, hoʻoikaika no ka maʻalahi a me ka piha o ke ʻano.

Ua hāʻawi nui ʻo ia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hale keaka mele Italia. I loko o kāna mau opera he nui (ʻoi aku ma mua o 30), i kākau pinepine ʻia i kāna mau mele ponoʻī, lanakila ka manaʻo pessimistic.

Ma kekahi mau hana e pili ana i nā kumuhana kahiko (Euripides, W. Shakespeare, C. Goldoni, P. Calderon, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), ua lanakila ka haku mele i kāna ʻano mysticism. ʻO Malipiero kekahi mea noiʻi, mea akamai a hoʻolaha i nā mele Italia mua. Ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka Italian Institute of Antonio Vivaldi (ma Siena). Ma lalo o ka hoʻoponopono o Malipiero, ua paʻi ʻia nā hana i hōʻiliʻili ʻia a C. Monteverdi (vols. 1-16, 1926-42), A. Vivaldi, nā hana a G. Tartini, G. Gabrieli a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

MM Yakovlev

Nā haku mele:

kahawai – Canossa (1911, post. 1914, Costanzi Theatre, Roma), The Dream of Autumn Sunset (Songo d'un tramonto d'autunno, after G. D'Annunzio, 1914), the Orpheid trilogy (Death of masks – La morte delle maschere; ʻEhiku mele – Seite canzoni; ʻO Orpheus, a i ʻole ka Mele ʻEwalu – Orfeo ovvero lʻottava canzone, 1919-22, post. 1925, Dusseldorf), Filomela a hoʻokalakupua iā ia (Filomela e lʻinfatuato, 1925, post. 1928, German Theatre, Prague ), Goldoni's three comedies (Tre commedie Goldoniane: Coffee House – La bottega da caffé, Signor Todero-Bruzga – Sior Todaro brontolon, Chiogin skirmish – Le baruffe chiozzotte; 1926, Hesse Opera House, Darmstadt), Tournament (Torneo notturno, 7 stage nocturnes, 1929, post. 1931, National Theatre, Munich), Venetian mystery trilogy (Il mistero di Venezia: Eagles of Aquile – Le aquile di Aquileia, Lzhearlekin – Il finto Arlecchino, Mark Ravens of St. – I corvi di San Marco, ballet, 1925-29, post. 1932, Coburg), The Legend of the Foundling Son (La favola del figliocombiato, 1933, pou. 1934, Br aunschweig), Julius Caesar (e like me W. Shakespeare, 1935, post. 1936, hale keaka "Carlo Felice", Genoa), Antony a me Cleopatra (e like me Shakespeare, 1938, hale keaka "Comunale", Florence), Hecuba ( Ecuba, ma hope o Euripides, 1939, post. 1941, hale keaka "Opera", Roma), hui Merry (L'allegra brigata, 6 moʻolelo pōkole, 1943, post. 1950, La Scala Theatre, Milan), Heavenly and Hellish Worlds (Mondi). celesti e infernali, 1949, Spanish 1950, ma ka lekiō, post. 1961, hale keaka ” Fenice, Venice), Donna Urraca (ma hope o P. Merime, 1954, Tr Donizetti, Bergamo), Kāpena Siavento (1956, post. 1963, San ʻO Carlo Theatre, Naples), Captive Venus (Venere prigioniera, 1956, post. 1957, Florence), Don Giovanni (4 scenes after Pushkin's Stone Guest, 1963, Naples), prude Tartuffe (1966), Metamorphoses of Bonaventure (1966), Heroes o Bonaventure (1968, post. 1969, hale keaka “Piccola Scala ”, Milana), Iscariot (1971) a me na mea e ae; baleta – Panthea (1919, post. 1949, Vienna), Masquerade of the Captive Princess (La mascherata delle principesse prigioniere, 1924, Brussels), New World (El mondo novo, 1951), Stradivarius (1958, Dortmund); cantatas, mea pohihihi a me nā haku mele a me nā mea kani ʻē aʻe; no ka hookani pila - 11 symphonies (1933, 1936, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1947, 1948, 1950, 1951, 1967, 1970), Nā manaʻo mai ke ʻano (Impressionni dal vero, 3 mau manawa, 1910, 1915 mau hola, 1922 mau hola, 2 mau hola, 1917 mau hola, 1926 mau hola, 1917 mau hola, 1952 mau hola, 1951 mau hola. del silenzio, 1 cycles, 1956, XNUMX), ʻAmenia (XNUMX), Passacaglia (XNUMX), ʻO kēlā me kēia lā Fantasy (Fantasie di ogni giorno, XNUMX); Dialogues (No XNUMX, me Manuel de Falla, XNUMX), etc.; nā ʻahamele me ka hoʻokani pila – 5 no fp. (1934, 1937, 1948, 1950, 1958), no 2 fp. (1957), 2 no Skr. (1932, 1963), no wlc. (1937), no Skr., Vlch. a me fp. (1938), Nā ʻano like ʻole me ke kumuhana no ka piano. (1923); lumi hoʻokani pila – 7 kaulahao. quartets, etc.; ʻāpana piano; nā mele aloha; mele no ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

Nā hana moʻokalaleo: The orchestra, Bologna, 1920; Keaka, Bologna, 1920; Claudio Monteverdi, Mil., 1929; Stravinsky, Venice, [1945]; Hele ʻo Cossн i ka honua [автобиография], Mil., 1946; The harmonious labyrinth, Mil., 1946; Antonio Vivaldi, [Mil., 1958].