Melodika: ka wehewehe ʻana i ka mea kani, haku, ʻano, mōʻaukala, hoʻohana

Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Melodica he mea hana hou. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā kope mua i hoʻi i ka hopena o ke kenekulia XNUMX, ua laha wale ia i ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia XNUMX.

Overview

ʻAʻole mea hou kēia mea kani. He kea ia ma waena o kahi accordion a me kahi harmonica.

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Melodika (melodica) he mea hana Kelemania. Aia ia i ka hui o nā mea kani ʻohe, ʻike nā poʻe loea i nā ʻano harmonicas me kahi keyboard. ʻO ka inoa piha a pololei o ka mea kani mai ka manaʻo o ka poʻe loea he melodic harmonica a i ʻole wind melody.

Loaʻa iā ia kahi ākea ākea ma kahi o 2-2,5 octaves. Hoʻopuka ka mea mele i ke kani ma ka puhi ʻana i ka ea i ka waha, i ka manawa like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kī me kona mau lima. He kiʻekiʻe ka hiki ke mele o ke mele, leo nui ke kani, ʻoluʻolu ke hoʻolohe. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia me nā mea kani ʻē aʻe, no laila ua laha a puni ka honua.

Mea mele mele

ʻO ka mele mele kahi symbiosis o nā mea harmonica a me nā mea accordion:

• Pākuʻi. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka hihia i hoʻonani ʻia me ka piano-like keyboard: hoʻopili ʻia nā kī ʻeleʻele me nā mea keʻokeʻo. Aia i loko he lua ea me nā ʻōlelo. Ke puhi ka mea hoʻokani i ka ea, ke kaomi ʻana i nā kī e wehe i nā kiwi kūikawā, e hana ana ka ea ea ma nā ʻohe, no laila e unuhi ʻia ai ke kani o kahi timbre, volume, a me ka pitch.
• Nā kī. ʻOkoʻa ka helu o nā kī, ma muli o ke ʻano, ke ʻano, ke kumu o ka mea kani. Loaʻa i nā kumu hoʻohālike melodic ʻoihana he 26-36 mau kī.
• Mea waha (channel mouthpiece channel). Hoʻopili ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea kani, i hoʻolālā ʻia e puhi i ka ea.

Hoʻokani ka melodic harmonica i ke kani i ka wā e puhi ʻia ai ka ea a paʻi ʻia nā kī ma ka pahu i ka manawa like.

Moolelo o ka mea paahana

Hoʻomaka ka mōʻaukala melodic harmonica ma Kina ma kahi o 2-3 millennium BC. ʻO ia ka manawa i puka mai ai ka harmonica mua, ka Sheng. ʻO ka mea i hana ʻia he ʻohe, ʻohe.

Ua hele mai ʻo Sheng i ʻEulopa i ka makahiki XVIII wale nō. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mahalo i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka mea hana Kina, ua ʻike ʻia ka accordion. Akā, ʻike ʻia ka mele i ka honua ma hope loa.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e hui pū ana i nā mana o ka accordion me ka harmonica i hoʻolaha mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1892. ʻO ka harmonica, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā kī, ua hana ʻia e ka hui o ka German Zimmermann ma ka ʻāina o Tsarist Russia. ʻAʻole hoihoi ka hui i kēia mea kani, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka premiere. I ka wā o ka ʻOkakopa, ua luku ʻia ka hale o Zimmermann e ka lehulehu o nā kipi, ua luku ʻia nā mea hoʻohālike, nā kiʻi, a me nā mea i kūkulu ʻia.

I ka makahiki 1958, ua patent ka hui Kelemania ʻo Hohner i kahi mea kani hou, ʻo ka melodika, e like me ka mea i makemake ʻole ʻia e nā Lūkini. No laila, ua manaʻo ʻia ka melodic harmonica he mea hana Kelemania. Ua ʻae ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻohālike a hoʻolaha koke ʻia a puni ka honua.

ʻO nā makahiki 60 o ke kenekulia i hala ka lā kiʻekiʻe no ka melodic harmonica. Ua aloha nui ʻo ia i nā mea hoʻokani ʻAsia. Ma waena o nā mea maikaʻi ʻole o ka melody ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana, compactness, nā leo ʻoluʻolu, nā ʻuhane.

Nā ʻano mele

ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano mea kani i ka laulā mele, nā hiʻohiʻona hana, nā nui:

• Tenor. I ka wā e pāʻani ai, hoʻohana ka mea hoʻokani pila i nā lima ʻelua: me ka hema e kākoʻo i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa, me ka ʻākau e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kī. ʻO kahi koho ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e pili ana i ke kau ʻana i ka hale ma kahi pālahalaha, e hoʻopili ana i kahi paipu lōʻihi lōʻihi i ka lua injection: hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu i kou lima lua, e hoʻohana i nā mea ʻelua e kaomi i nā kī. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa o ke kumu hoʻohālike he leo haʻahaʻa.
• Soprano (alto melody). Manaʻo i kahi leo kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke ʻano tenor. ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka pāʻani me nā lima ʻelua: aia nā kī ʻeleʻele ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, aia nā kī keʻokeʻo ma kekahi ʻaoʻao.
• bass. He leo haʻahaʻa loa kona. He mea maʻamau ia i ka hopena o ke kenekulia XNUMX, i kēia lā he mea kakaikahi loa ia.

Wae noi

Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia e nā mea hoʻokani solo, he ʻāpana o nā orchestras, ensembles, nā hui mele.

I ka hapa lua, ua hoʻohana ikaika ʻia e nā mea hoʻokani jazz, rock, punk bands, Jamaican reggae music performers. Aia ka māhele melodic solo i loko o kekahi o nā haku mele o Elvis Presley kaao. ʻAʻole i haʻalele ke alakaʻi o The Beatles, ʻo John Lennon, i ka mea kani.

Hoʻohana nā ʻāina ʻAsia i ke mele no ka hoʻonaʻauao mele o ka hanauna ʻōpio. Ua lilo maoli ka mea hana ʻEulopa i ʻāpana o ka moʻomeheu Hikina; I kēia lā, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma Iapana a me Kina.

Hoʻohana liʻiliʻi ʻo Rūsia i ka harmonica melodic: hiki ke ʻike ʻia i loko o ka arsenal o kekahi mau ʻelele o ka underground, jazz, a me nā ʻano folk.