Nicola Porpora |

Nicola Porpora

Порпора. Kiekie Jupiter

He mea haku mele Italia a he kumu leo. He ʻelele koʻikoʻi o ke kula opera Neapolitan.

Ua loaʻa iā ia kāna hoʻonaʻauao mele ma ka Neapolitan Conservatory Dei Poveri di Gesu Cristo, kahi āna i komo ai i ka makahiki 1696. I ka makahiki 1708, ua hana ʻo ia i kāna hoʻomaka kūleʻa ma ke ʻano he haku mele opera (Agrippina), a ma hope iho ua lilo ʻo ia i poʻokela o ke Aliʻi o Hesse-Darmstadt. , a laila loaʻa ka inoa like mai ka ʻelele Pukiki ma Roma. I ka hapakolu mua o ke kenekulia 1726, ua hoʻokani ʻia nā keaka he nui na Porpora ʻaʻole ma Naples wale nō, akā ma nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe o Italia, a ma Vienna hoʻi. Mai 1733, ua aʻo ʻo ia ma ka Incurabili Conservatory ma Venice, a i ka makahiki 1736, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi kono mai ʻEnelani, hele ʻo ia i Lākana, kahi a hiki i 1747 ʻo ia ka mea haku mele nui o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Opera of the Nobility" ("Opera". o ka Nobility"), i hoʻokūkū me ko Handel hui. . I kona hoʻi ʻana i Italia, ua hana ʻo Porpora ma nā conservatories ma Venice a me Naples. ʻO ka manawa mai ka makahiki 1751 a hiki i ka makahiki 1753, ua noho ʻo ia ma ke aloaliʻi Sākona ma Dresden ma ke ʻano he kumu leo, a laila ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi hui. ʻAʻole ma hope o 1760, ua neʻe ʻo ia i Vienna, kahi i lilo ai ʻo ia i kumu mele ma ka ʻaha emepera (ʻo ia ka manawa i lilo ai ʻo J. Haydn i kāna mea hoʻokani pila a me kāna haumāna). I ka XNUMX ua hoʻi ʻo ia i Naples. Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā makahiki hope o kona ola ʻana i ka ʻilihune.

ʻO ke ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka hana a Porpora ʻo ka opera. Ma ka huina, ua hana ʻo ia ma kahi o 50 mau hana ma kēia ʻano, i kākau nui ʻia ma nā kumuhana kahiko (ʻo ka mea kaulana loa ʻo "Recognized Semiramis", "Ariadne on Naxos", "Themistocles"). Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, pono nā opera a Porpora i nā mākau leo ​​leo maikaʻi loa mai nā mea hoʻokani, no ka mea ua ʻike ʻia lākou e nā ʻāpana leo paʻakikī, pinepine virtuoso. ʻO ke ʻano operatic kekahi i loko o nā hana he nui loa a ka mea haku mele - solo cantatas, oratorios, nā ʻāpana o ka repertoire pedagogical (“solfeggio”), a me nā haku mele no ka hale pule. ʻOiai ka mana nui o nā mele leo, ua komo pū ka hoʻoilina o Porpora i nā hana mea kani maoli (cello and flute concertos, ka Royal Overture no ka orchestra, 25 ensemble sonatas o nā mele like ʻole a me 2 fugues no ka harpsichord).

Ma waena o nā haumāna he nui o ka haku mele, ʻo ia ka mea mele kaulana ʻo Farinelli, a me ka mea haku mele mele koʻikoʻi ʻo Traetta.