Amilcare Ponchielli |

Amilcare Ponchielli

Ponchielli. “La Gioconda”. Suicidio (M. Callas)

Ua mālama ʻia ka inoa o Ponchielli ma ka mōʻaukala o nā mele, mahalo i hoʻokahi opera – La Gioconda – a me ʻelua mau haumāna, ʻo Puccini lāua ʻo Mascagni, ʻoiai ʻo ia i kona ola ʻana ua ʻike ʻo ia ma mua o hoʻokahi kūleʻa.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Amilcare Ponchielli ma 31 ʻAukake 1834 ma Paderno Fasolaro kokoke i Cremona, ke kauhale e kapa nei i kona inoa i kēia manawa. ʻO ka makua kāne, ka mea nona ka hale kūʻai, he mea hoʻokani oke kauhale a lilo i kumu mua o kāna keiki. I ka makahiki ʻeiwa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ke keikikāne i ka Conservatory Milan. Ma ʻaneʻi ua aʻo ʻo Ponchielli i ka piano, ke kumumanaʻo a me ka haku mele no ʻumikūmākahi makahiki (me Alberto Mazzucato). Me ʻekolu mau haumāna ʻē aʻe, ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi operetta (1851). Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ka conservatory, ua lawe 'o ia i kekahi 'oihana - 'okena ma ka halepule o Sant'Hilario ma Cremona, ka luna hui o ka National Guard ma Piacenza. Eia naʻe, ua moeʻuhane mau ʻo ia i kahi ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he haku mele mele. ʻO ka opera mua a Ponchielli, ʻo The Betrothed, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka moʻolelo kaulana a ka mea kākau Italia maikaʻi loa o ke kenekulia 1872, ʻo Alessandro Manzoni, i hana ʻia ma kāna kamaʻāina ʻo Cremona i ka wā i hele ʻole ai kāna mea kākau i ka paepae o iwakālua mau makahiki. I nā makahiki ʻehiku e hiki mai ana, ua hoʻomaka mua ʻia ʻelua mau opera, akā i ka makahiki 1874 wale nō ka lanakila mua, me kahi paʻi hou o The Betrothed. I ka XNUMX, ua ʻike ka poʻe Lithuanians i ka mele Konrad Wallenrod na ka Polani aloha ʻo Adam Mickiewicz i ʻike i ka mālamalama o ka lā, i ka makahiki aʻe ua hana ʻia ka Cantata Donizetti's Offering, a hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai ua puka mai ka Gioconda, e lawe ana i ka mea kākau i lanakila maoli.

Ua pane aku ʻo Ponchielli i ka make ʻana o kona mau hoa nui me nā haku mele: e like me Verdi i ka Requiem, ua hoʻohanohano ʻo ia i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana iā Manzoni ("Funeral Elegy" a me "Funeral"), ma hope o Garibaldi ("Triumphal Hymn"). I ka makahiki 1880, ua loaʻa iā Ponchielli ka ʻike ākea. I ka makahiki 1880, ua paʻa ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ke kumu o ka haku mele ma ka Milan Conservatory, i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ʻo ke kūlana o ka bandmaster o ka hale pule o Santa Maria Maggiore ma Bergamo, a ma 1884 ua loaʻa iā ia kahi kono i St. Maʻaneʻi e loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻokipa hoihoi e pili ana i nā hana o "Gioconda" a me "Lithuanians" (ma lalo o ka inoa "Aldona"). I ka opera hope loa, ua huli hou ʻo Marion Delorme (1885), Ponchielli, e like me La Gioconda, i ka pāʻani pāʻani a Victor Hugo, akā ʻaʻole i hana hou ʻia ka holomua mua.

Ua make ʻo Ponchielli ma Ianuali 16, 1886 ma Milan.

A. Koenigsberg

Nā haku mele:

kahawai – Savoyarka (La savoiarda, 1861, tr “Concordia”, Cremona; 2nd ed. – Lina, 1877, tr “Dal Verme”, Milan), Roderich, ua makaukau ke alii (Roderico, re dei Goti, 1863, tr “Comunale ”, Piacenza), Lithuanians (I lituani, ma muli o ka poem “Konrad Wallenrod” na Mickiewicz, 1874, tr “La Scala”, Milan; hou ed. – Aldona, 1884, Mariinsky tr, Petersburg), Gioconda (1876, La hale kūʻai Scala, Milan), Valencian Moors (I mori di Valenza, 1879, hoʻopau ʻia e A. Cadore, 1914, Monte Carlo), Prodigal Son (Il figliuol prodigo, 1880, t -r "La Scala", Milan), Marion Delorme (1885, ibid.); baleta – Nā māhoe (Le due gemelle, 1873, La Scala shopping mall, Milan), Clarina (1873, Dal Verme shopping mall, Milan); cantata — K Gaetano Donizetti (1875); no ka hookani pila – Mei 29 (29 Maggio, hele hoolewa no ka hoomanao ana ia A. Manzoni, 1873), Himeni no ka hoomanao ana ia Garibaldi (Sulla tomba di Garibaldi, 1882), etc.; mele uhane, pili aloha, etc.