Nikolaus Harnoncourt |

Nicholas Harnoncourt

ʻO Nikolaus Harnoncourt, ke alakaʻi, cellist, philosopher and musicologist, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui i ke ola mele o ʻEulopa a me ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

Helu ʻo Johann Nicolaus de la Fontaine lāua ʻo d'Harnoncourt – Makaʻu ʻole (Johann Nicolaus Graf de la Fontaine und d'Harnoncourt-Unverzagt) – nā keiki a kekahi o nā ʻohana hanohano loa ma ʻEulopa. ʻO nā naita crusader a me nā haku mele, nā diplomats a me nā kālai'āina o ka ʻohana Harnoncourt i hana nui i ka mōʻaukala ʻEulopa mai ka makahiki 14. Ma ka ʻaoʻao makuahine, pili ʻo Arnoncourt i ka ʻohana Habsburg, akā ʻaʻole manaʻo ka mea alakaʻi nui i kona kumu he mea nui loa. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma Berlin, ua ulu ʻo ia ma Graz, ua aʻo ʻia ma Salzburg a me Vienna.

Antipodes Karayana

ʻO ka hapa mua o ke ola mele o Nikolaus Harnoncourt i hala ma lalo o ka hōʻailona o Herbert von Karajan. I ka makahiki 1952, ua kono pilikino ʻo Karajan i ka cellist 23 makahiki e hui pū me ka Vienna Symphony Orchestra (Wiener Symphoniker) i alakaʻi ʻia e ia. "ʻO wau kekahi o nā moho he kanahā no kēia noho," i hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻo Harnoncourt. "Ua ʻike koke ʻo Karayan iaʻu a hāwanawana ʻo ia i ke alakaʻi o ka orkestra, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana he mea pono ke lawe mua ʻia no kāna ʻano."

ʻO nā makahiki i lilo i ka orchestra i lilo i mea paʻakikī loa iā ia i kona ola (ua haʻalele ʻo ia i ka makahiki 1969, i ka makahiki he kanahā, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kahi ʻoihana koʻikoʻi ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi). ʻO ke kulekele a Karajan i hahai ai e pili ana iā Harnoncourt, he mea hoʻokūkū, me ka ʻike maoli ʻana iā ia i ka lanakila e hiki mai ana, hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻomāinoino ʻōnaehana: no ka laʻana, ua kau ʻo ia i kahi kūlana ma Salzburg a me Vienna: "ʻo wau paha, ʻo ia paha."

Consentus Musikus: keʻena kipi

I ka makahiki 1953, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Nikolaus Harnoncourt a me kāna wahine ʻo Alice, he mea hoʻokani pila ma ka hoʻokani pila hoʻokahi, a me kekahi mau hoaaloha ʻē aʻe i hoʻokumu i ka hui ʻo Concentus Musicus Wien. ʻO ka hui, ka mea i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia no nā makahiki he iwakālua no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ma ka lumi hoʻokipa o Arnoncourts, hoʻomaka i nā hoʻokolohua me ke kani: ua hoʻolimalima ʻia nā mea kani kahiko mai nā hale hōʻikeʻike, ua aʻo ʻia nā helu a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe.

A ʻoiaʻiʻo: kani ʻia nā mele kahiko "hōʻino" i kahi ala hou. Hāʻawi ke ala hou i ke ola hou i nā haku mele poina a hoʻokani ʻia. ʻO kāna hana kipi o ka "historically informed interpretation" i hoʻāla i ka mele o ka Renaissance a me Baroque eras. "Pono kēlā me kēia mele i kona kani pono'ī",ʻo ia ka credo o Harnoncourt ka mea hoʻokani pila. ʻO ka makua kāne o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻohana wale i ka ʻōlelo.

Bach, Beethoven, Gershwin

Manaʻo ʻo Arnoncourt ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, ʻo nā papahana koʻikoʻi āna i hoʻokō ai me ka hui pū ʻana me nā orkestra nui loa o ka honua, ʻo ia ka Beethoven symphony cycle, ka Monteverdi opera cycle, ka Bach cantata cycle (me Gustav Leonhard). ʻO Harnoncourt ka mea unuhi mua o Verdi lāua ʻo Janacek. ʻO ka "resurrectionist" o nā mele kahiko, i kona lā hānau he kanawalu, ua hāʻawi ʻo ia iā ia iho i kahi hana o Gershwin's Porgy a me Bess.

Ua kākau ʻo Monica Mertl, ka mea kākau moʻolelo o Harnoncourt, e like me kāna meʻe punahele ʻo Don Quixote, me he mea lā e nīnau mau ana iā ia iho i ka nīnau: "ʻAe, ma hea kahi hana hou?"

Anastasia Rakhmanova, dw.com