Alexey Machavariani |

Alexey Machavariani

ʻO Machavariani ka haku mele aupuni. I ka manawa like, loaʻa iā ia kahi manaʻo ʻoi o ka wā hou. … Loaʻa iā Machavariani ka hiki ke hoʻokō i kahi hui kūlohelohe o ka ʻike o nā mele aupuni a me nā ʻāina ʻē. K. Karaev

ʻO A. Machavariani kekahi o nā haku mele nui loa o Georgia. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kiʻi mele o ka repubalika ua pili pū me ka inoa o kēia mea pena. I loko o kāna hana, ua hui pū ʻia ka hanohano a me ka nani hanohano o ka poʻe polyphony, nā oli Georgian kahiko a me ka ʻoi, impulsiveness o nā ʻano mele o kēia wā.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Machavariani ma Gori. Eia ka mea kaulana Gori Kumu 'Seminar, i hana nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻonaʻauao ma Transcaucasia (nā haku mele ʻo U. Gadzhibekov lāua ʻo M. Magomayev i aʻo ʻia ma laila). Mai ka wā kamaliʻi, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ʻo Machavariani e nā mele mele a me ke ʻano nani. I loko o ka hale o ka makuakāne o ka mea haku mele e hiki mai ana, nāna i alakaʻi i kahi mele mele, ua ʻākoakoa nā poʻe akamai o Gori, kani nā mele mele.

I ka makahiki 1936, ua puka 'o Machavariani mai ka Tbilisi State Conservatory ma ka papa o P. Ryazanov, a i ka makahiki 1940, ua hoopau 'o ia i kana mau ha'awina postgraduate ma lalo o ke alaka'i 'ana o keia kumu ko'iko'i. I ka makahiki 1939, ua puka mai nā hana symphonic mua a Machavariani - ka poem "Oak and Mosquitoes" a me ka poem me ka hui "Gorian Pictures".

I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua kākau ka mea haku mele i kahi concerto piano (1944), kahi i ʻōlelo ai ʻo D. Shostakovich: "ʻO kāna mea kākau he mea hoʻokani pila ʻōpio a me ke kānalua ʻole. Loaʻa iā ia kona ʻano hoʻohālike, ke ʻano o kāna haku mele. ʻO ka opera Mother and Son (1945, ma muli o ka mele o ka inoa hoʻokahi e I. Chavchavadze) i lilo i pane i nā hanana o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui. Ma hope mai, kākau ka mea haku mele i ka ballad-poem Arsen no ka poʻe solo a me ka hīmeni a cappella (1946), ka First Symphony (1947) a me ka poem no ka orchestra a me ka papa mele On the Death of a Hero (1948).

I ka makahiki 1950, ua hana ʻo Machavariani i ka lyrical-romantic Violin Concerto, a ua komo paʻa i ka repertoire o nā mea hoʻokani Soviet a me nā haole.

ʻO ka oratorio hanohano "The Day of My Motherland" (1952) e hīmeni ana i ka hana maluhia, ka nani o ka ʻāina hānau. ʻO kēia pōʻaiapuni o nā kiʻi mele, i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā mea o ke ʻano symphonism, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna o nā mea mele mele, unuhi ʻia i loko o ka ʻuhane aloha. ʻO ka pahu hoʻokani hoʻoheheʻe manaʻo, he ʻano epigraph o ka oratorio, ʻo ia ka lyric-landscape part 1, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Morning of my Motherland".

Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ke kumumanaʻo o ka nani o ke ʻano i loko o nā mele mele a Machavariani: ma ka pāʻani "Khorumi" (1949) a ma ka ballad "Bazalet Lake" (1951) no ka piano, i nā miniatures violin "Doluri", "Lazuri". ” (1962). "ʻO kekahi o nā hana kupanaha loa o nā mele Georgian" i kapa ʻia ʻo K. Karaev Five monologues no ka baritone a me ka orchestra ma st. V. Pshavela (1968).

Aia kahi wahi kūikawā ma ka hana a Machavariani e ka ballet Othello (1957), i hoʻokumu ʻia e V. Chabukiani ma ke kahua o ka Tbilisi State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre i ka makahiki hoʻokahi. Ua kākau ʻo A. Khachaturian ma "Othello" ʻo Machavariani "hōʻike ʻo ia iā ia iho i mea kaua piha ma ke ʻano he haku mele, mea noʻonoʻo, kamaʻāina." Hoʻokumu ʻia ka dramaturgy mele o kēia pāʻani choreographic ma kahi ʻōnaehana ākea o nā leitmotifs, i hoʻololi ʻia i ka symphonically i ke kaʻina hana. Ke hoʻokomo nei i nā kiʻi o ka hana a W. Shakespeare, ʻōlelo ʻo Machavariani i ka ʻōlelo mele ʻāina a ma ka manawa like e hele ai ma mua o nā palena o ka pili lāhui. ʻOkoʻa ke kiʻi o Othello i ka ballet mai ke kumu palapala. Ua lawe maiʻo Machavariani iā ​​ia i kahi kokoke loa i ke kiʻi o Desdemona - he hōʻailona o ka nani, ka mea maikaʻi o ka wahine, e hoʻokomo i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea nui ma keʻano lyrical a me ka hōʻike. 'Ōlelo pū ka haku mele iā Shakespeare ma ka opera Hamlet (1974). "Hiki i kekahi ke lili wale i ka wiwo ʻole e pili ana i nā hana o ka honua honua," i kākau ai ʻo K. Karaev.

ʻO kahi hanana koʻikoʻi i ka moʻomeheu mele o ka repubalika ka ballet "The Knight in the Panther's Skin" (1974) i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka mele a S. Rustaveli. "I koʻu hana ʻana, ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi hauʻoli kūikawā," wahi a A. Machavariani. - "ʻO ka mele a Rustaveli nui he makana nui i ka waihona waiwai o ka poʻe Georgian," kā mākou kāhea a me ka hae ", ma nā ʻōlelo a ka haku mele." Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano o kēia manawa o ka hōʻike mele (serial technique, polyharmonic combinations, complex modal formations), Machavariani i hui mua i nā ʻenehana o ka hoʻomohala polyphonic me Georgian folk polyphony.

I ka makahiki 80. ʻeleu ka haku mele. Ua kākau ʻo ia i ke kolu, ʻehā ("Youthful"), ʻelima a me ʻeono symphonies, ka ballet "The Taming of the Shrew", a me ka ballet "Othello" a me ka opera "Hamlet", i hana i ka triptych Shakespearean. I ka wā e hiki mai ana - ka Seventh Symphony, ka ballet "Pirosmani".

“Aia mau ka mea pena kiʻi maoli ma ke alanui. … ʻO ka hana hana a me ka hauʻoli, ka hauʻoli hiki ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia o kahi mea pena. Ua loaʻa pū i ka haku mele Soviet maikaʻi ʻo Alexei Davidovich Machavariani kēia hauʻoli" (K. Karaev).

N. Aleksenko