Antal Doráti (Antal Doráti) |

ʻO Doráti Antal

He liʻiliʻi nā alakaʻi nona nā moʻolelo e like me Antalu Dorati. I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hāʻawi aku nā ʻoihana ʻAmelika iā ia i kahi moʻolelo gula - no hoʻokahi a me ka hapa miliona disc i kūʻai ʻia; a hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, pono lākou e hāʻawi i ke alakaʻi i kekahi makana no ka lua o ka manawa. "He mooolelo honua paha!" wahi a kekahi o ka poe hoohewahewa. Nui loa ka ikaika o ka hana noʻeau a Dorati. ʻAʻohe mea hoʻokani pila nui ma ʻEulopa kahi āna e hoʻokani ʻole ai i kēlā me kēia makahiki; Hāʻawi ka mea alakaʻi i nā ʻaha mele he nui i ka makahiki, ʻaʻole hiki ke lele mai kekahi ʻāina a i kekahi ma ka mokulele. A i ke kauwela - nāʻahaʻaina: Venice, Montreux, Lucerne, Florence ... Ke hoʻopaʻa nei ke koena o ka manawa ma nā moʻolelo. A ʻo ka mea hope loa, i nā manawa pōkole, i ka wā ʻaʻole o ka mea pena i ka console, hoʻokele ʻo ia i ka haku mele: i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua kākau ʻo ia i nā cantatas, kahi cello concerto, kahi symphony a me nā hui keʻena he nui.

I ka nīnau ʻia ʻana i hea ʻo ia e loaʻa ai ka manawa no kēia mau mea āpau, pane ʻo Dorathy: “He maʻalahi loa. Ala au i kēlā me kēia lā i ka hola 7 o ke kakahiaka a hana au mai ka ʻehiku a i ka hapalua hola ʻeiwa. I kekahi manawa i ke ahiahi. He mea nui loa i aʻo ʻia iaʻu i koʻu wā kamaliʻi e noʻonoʻo i ka hana. Ma ka home, ma Budapest, ua like ia me kēia: ma kekahi lumi, ua hāʻawi koʻu makuakāne i nā haʻawina violin, ma kekahi, hoʻokani koʻu makuahine i ka piano.

He Hungarian ʻo Dorati ma ka lāhui. Hele pinepine ʻo Bartok lāua ʻo Kodai i ka hale o kona mau mākua. Ua hoʻoholo ʻo Dorati i kona wā ʻōpio e lilo i alakaʻi. I ka makahiki he ʻumikūmāhā, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi haumāna orchestra ma kāna hale haʻuki, a ma ka ʻumikūmāwalu i loaʻa iā ia kahi palapala gymnasium a me kahi diploma mai ka Academy of Music ma piano (mai E. Donany) a me ka haku mele (mai L. Weiner). Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi alakaʻi ma ka opera. ʻO kahi kokoke i ka pōʻai o nā mea hoʻokani holomua ua kōkua iā Dorati e hoʻomau i nā mea hou loa o nā mele hou, a ʻo ka hana ma ka opera i kōkua i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike kūpono.

I ka makahiki 1928, haʻalele ʻo Dorati iā Budapest a hele i waho. Hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi i nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o Munich a me Dresden, hāʻawi i nā ʻahamele. ʻO ka makemake e hele i alakaʻi iā ia i Monte Carlo, i ka pou o ka alakaʻi alakaʻi o ka Ballet Lūkini - ka mea pani i ka hui Diaghilev. No nā makahiki he nui - mai 1934 a i 1940 - ua huakaʻi ʻo Dorati me ka Monte Carlo Ballet ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika. Ua huki nā hui ʻaha mele ʻAmelika i ka manaʻo i ke alakaʻi: i ka makahiki 1937 ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia me ka National Symphony Orchestra ma Wakinekona, i ka makahiki 1945 ua kono ʻia ʻo ia i alakaʻi alakaʻi nui ma Dallas, a ʻehā makahiki ma hope ua hoʻololi ʻo ia iā Mitropoulos ma ke poʻo o ka orchestra ma Minneapolis. kahi āna i noho ai no nā makahiki he ʻumikumamālua.

ʻO kēia mau makahiki ka mea nui loa i ka biography o ke alakaʻi; i loko o kona nani, ua hōʻike ʻia kona mākaukau ma ke ʻano he kumu aʻo a hoʻonohonoho. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Mitropoulos, he mea pena kiʻi maikaʻi, i ka hana paʻakikī me ka orchestra a haʻalele i ka hui ma ke kūlana ʻilihune. Ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe koke ʻo Dorati iā ia i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻokani pila ʻAmelika maikaʻi loa, kaulana no kā lākou aʻo ʻana, ke kaulike o ke kani a me ka hui pū ʻana. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hana nui ʻo Dorathy ma ʻEnelani, kahi āna i hana ai i kāna mau huakaʻi ʻaha mele. Me ka lanakila nui o kāna mau hana "ma kona ʻāina hānau, "Pono e loaʻa i ka alakaʻi alakaʻi maikaʻi ʻelua mau ʻano," wahi a Dorati, "ʻo ka mea mua, ke ʻano mele maʻemaʻe: pono ʻo ia e hoʻomaopopo a manaʻo i ka mele. Hele kēia me ka ʻōlelo ʻole. ʻO ka lua me he mea lā ʻaʻohe mea pili i ke mele: pono e hiki i ke alakaʻi ke hāʻawi i nā kauoha. Akā ma ke ʻano o ka "kauoha" ʻo ia ka mea ʻokoʻa loa ma mua o ka pūʻali koa. Ma ke kiʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā kauoha no ka mea he kūlana kiʻekiʻe ʻoe: pono nā mea mele e makemake e pāʻani i ke ʻano a ke alakaʻi e ʻōlelo ai iā lākou.

ʻO ka mele mele a me ka maopopo o kāna mau manaʻo e huki iā Dorati. ʻO ka hana lōʻihi me ka ballet i aʻo iā ia i ka hoʻopaʻi rhythmic. Hāʻawi maʻalahi ʻo ia i nā mele ballet waihoʻoluʻu. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma kāna mau hoʻopaʻa ʻana ʻo Stravinsky's The Firebird, Borodin's Polovtsian Dances, ka suite mai Delibes 'Coppélia, a me kāna suite of waltzes na J. Strauss.

ʻO ke alakaʻi mau ʻana o kahi orkestra symphony nui i kōkua iā Dorati ʻaʻole e kaupalena i kāna repertoire i ʻumikūmālima mau hana kahiko a me nā hana hou, akā e hoʻonui mau. Hōʻike ʻia kēia e kahi papa inoa cursory o kāna mau mele maʻamau. Maʻaneʻi mākou e ʻike ai i ka nui o nā symphonies a Beethoven, Tchaikovsky's Fourth and Sixth, Dvorak's Fifth, Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade, Bartók's The Bluebeard's Castle, Liszt's Hungarian Rhapsodies and Enescu's Romanian Rhapsodies a me Wo hoʻokani pila na Wo Scherptsenberg a me Lulu. "He ʻAmelika ma Paris" na Gershwin, he nui nā ʻaha mele i hana ʻo Dorati ma ke ʻano he hoa maalea a kūlike hoʻi o nā mea hoʻokani pila e like me G. Shering, B. Jainis, a me nā mea pena kaulana ʻē aʻe.

"Contemporary Conductors", M. 1969.