Clavichord: he aha ia, haku mele, mōʻaukala, kani, hoʻohana

ʻO "Keystring" ka inoa maʻamau no ka mea kani, a ua lilo ia i mea i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia o ka monochord. ʻO ia, e like me ke kino, he kīpē kona, ʻaʻole naʻe nā paipu, akā ʻo nā kaula i hoʻoneʻe ʻia e kahi mīkini tangent, ke kuleana no ka unuhi ʻana i ke kani.

ʻO ka mea hana Clavichord

I ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mele o kēia wā, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mea kani ma ke ʻano he ʻelele o ka ʻohana harpsichord, ka mea mua loa o ka piano. He kino kona me kahi kīpē, ʻehā kū. Hoʻonoho ʻia ka clavichord ma ka papahele a i ʻole ma ka papaʻaina, e noho ana i lalo, paʻi ka mea hoʻokani i nā kī, unuhi i nā leo. ʻO nā "keyboard" mua he wahi kani liʻiliʻi - ʻelua wale nō octaves. Ma hope mai, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka mea kani, ua hoʻonui ʻia kona hiki i ʻelima octaves.

ʻO ka clavichord kahi mea kani percussive stringed, ʻo ia ka mea i lako me nā pine metala. ʻO kahi pūʻulu o nā kaula "huna" i loko o ka hihia, i hana i nā neʻe oscillatory i ka wā i ʻike ʻia i nā kī. I ke kaomi ʻia ʻana, hoʻopā ka pine metala (tanget) i ke kaula a kaomi. I nā clavichord "free" maʻalahi, ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi kaula ʻokoʻa i kēlā me kēia kī. ʻOkoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona paʻakikī (pili) i ka hopena o 2-3 tangets ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kaula.

He liʻiliʻi nā ana o ke kino mea hana - mai 80 a 150 kenimika. Ua lawe maʻalahi a hoʻokomo ʻia ka clavichord ma nā wahi like ʻole. Ua kāhiko ʻia ke kino me nā kiʻi, nā kiʻi, a me nā kiʻi pena. No ka hana ʻana, ua hoʻohana wale ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau waiwai: spruce, Karelian birch, cypress.

Moolelo kumu

Ua hoʻoikaika nui ka mea kani i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka moʻomeheu mele. ʻAʻole i hōʻike ʻia ka lā pololei o kona ʻano. Ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻōlelo mua i ka XVI century. ʻO ke kumu o ka inoa e pili ana i ka hua'ōlelo Latin "clavis" - ke kī, i hui pū me ka Helene kahiko "chord" - he kaula.

Hoʻomaka ka moʻolelo o ka clavichord ma Italia. ʻO nā palapala ola e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana aia ma laila nā kope mua e ʻike ʻia. ʻO kekahi o kēia, no Dominic o Pisa, ua ola a hiki i kēia lā. Ua hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1543 a he hōʻikeʻike o ka hale hōʻikeʻike ma Leipzig.

Ua loaʻa koke i ka "keyboard" ka kaulana. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ke keʻena, hana mele home, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i ka clavichord ke kani leo nui, booming. Ua pale kēia hiʻohiʻona i kona hoʻohana ʻana i nā hana ʻahamele ma nā keʻena nui.

Ke hoʻohana nei i ka mea hana

ʻO ka clavichord maʻamau i ka makahiki 5 he nui nā leo kani a hiki i ka XNUMX octaves. ʻO ka pāʻani ʻana he hōʻailona ia o ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi ʻana. Ua hoʻokomo ʻo Aristocrats a me nā ʻelele o ka bourgeoisie i ka mea kani i ko lākou mau home a kono i nā malihini i nā ʻaha mele. Ua hana ʻia nā helu no ia, ua kākau nā mea haku mele nui i nā hana: VA Mozart, L. Van Beethoven, JS Bach.

Ua hōʻailona ʻia ke kenekulia 19 e ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka pianoforte. ʻO ka piano ʻoi aku ka leo nui a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma kahi o ka clavichord. Ua makemake nui nā mea hoʻihoʻi hou i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka "keyboard" kahiko i mea e lohe ai i ke kani kumu o nā hana a nā haku haku mele.