Ernest Chausson |
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Ernest chausson
Ua aʻo ʻo ia ma ka Conservatory o Paris ma ka papa haku mele o J. Massenet (1880). I ka makahiki 1880-83 ua lawe ʻo ia i nā haʻawina mai S. Frank mai. Mai ka makahiki 1889, he kākau ʻōlelo ʻo ia no ka National Musical Society. ʻO nā hana mua a Chausson, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pōʻai leo (ʻehiku mele i nā mele na Ch. Leconte de Lisle, A. Sylvester, T. Gauthier, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, 7-1879), hōʻike i kona makemake i nā mele i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia.
Hōʻike ʻia ke mele a Chausson e ka mālamalama, ka maʻalahi o ka ʻōlelo, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ke kala. ʻIke ʻia ka mana o Massenet i kāna mau hana mua (4 mele i nā mele na M. Bouchor, 1882-88, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), ma hope - R. Wagner: ka mele symphonic "Vivian" (1882), ka opera "King Arthus" (1886). -1895) i kākau ʻia ma nā ʻāpana o nā moʻolelo o ka mea i kapa ʻia. ʻO ka pōʻai Arthurian (no ka mea i maopopo loa ka hoʻohālikelike me ka hana a Wagner). Eia naʻe, i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka opera, ua mamao loa ʻo Chausson mai ka manaʻo pessimistic o Tristan lāua ʻo Isolde. Ua haʻalele ka mea haku mele i ka ʻōnaehana nui o nā leitmotifs (ʻehā mau mele mele ke kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana), ke kuleana nui o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mea kani.
Ma kekahi mau hana a Chausson, ʻaʻole kānalua ka mana o ka hana a Frank, i hōʻike mua ʻia ma ka symphony 3-part (1890), ma kāna mau kumu o ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana; i ka manawa like, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, faded orchestral kala, lyrical intimacy (2nd hapa) hōʻike i ka makemake o Chausson no ka mele o ka ʻōpio C. Debussy (ka kamaʻilio me ia i ka makahiki 1889 i lilo i hoaaloha i mau a hiki i ka make ʻana o Chausson).
Nui nā hana o nā makahiki 90, no ka laʻana, ka Greenhouses cycle ("Les serres chaudes", i nā mele na M. Maeterlinck, 1893-96), me kā lākou heluhelu ʻana, exquisitely unstable harmonic language (wide hoʻohana i nā modulations), subtlety sound palette , hiki ke pili i ka impressionism mua. ʻO ka "Poem" for violin and orchestra (1896), mahalo nui ʻia e Debussy a hoʻokani ʻia e nā violinists he nui.
Nā haku mele:
kahawai – ʻO nā haʻalulu o Marianne (Les caprices de Marianne, e pili ana i ka pāʻani a A. de Musset, 1884), ʻo Elena (e like me Ch. Leconte de Lisle, 1886), King Arthus (Le roi Arthus, lib. Sh., 1895). , post. 1903, t -r “De la Monnaie”, Brussels); cantata ʻArabia (Lʻarabe, no ka skr., ka hui himeni kāne a me ka hoʻokani pila, 1881); no ka hookani pila – symphony B-dur (1890), symphony. Nā mele a Vivian (1882, 2nd edition 1887), Solitude in the forest (Solitude dans les bois, 1886), Festive evening (Soir de fkte, 1898); Poem Es-dur for Skr. me ka orc. (1896); Himeni Vedic no ka himeni me ka orch. (Hymne védique, nā mele na Lecomte de Lisle, 1886); no na wahine himeni me fp. Mele Mare (Chant nuptial, lyrics by Leconte de Lisle, 1887), Funeral Song (Chant funebre, lyrics by W. Shakespeare, 1897); no ka papa himeni cappella – ʻO Jeanne d'Arc (kahi mele no ka mea mele a me ka hui himeni wahine, 1880, he ʻāpana paha o ka opera i hoʻokō ʻole ʻia), 8 motets (1883-1891), Ballad (nā mele na Dante, 1897) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe; lumi hoʻokani pila – fp. trio g-moll (1881), fp. quartet (1897, hoʻopau ʻia e V. d'Andy), nā kaula. quartet in c-minor (1899, unfinished); concerto no skr., fp. a me nā kaula. quartet (1891); no ka piano – 5 manaʻo (1879-80), sonatina F-dur (1880), Landscape (Paysage, 1895), He mau hula (Quelques danses, 1896); no ka leo a me ka orkestra – Poem of Love and the Sea (Poeme de l'amour et de la mer, lyrics by Bouchor, 1892), Eternal Song (Chanson perpetuelle, lyrics by J. Cro, 1898); no ka leo a me ka piano - nā mele (St. 50) ma ka lā aʻe. Lecomte de Lisle, T. Gauthier, P. Bourget, Bouchor, P. Verlaine, Maeterlinck, Shakespeare a me na mea e ae; 2 duets (1883); mele no na hana keaka keaka – The Tempest by Shakespeare (1888, Petit Theatre de Marionette, Paris), The Legend of St. Caecilians” na Bouchor (1892, ibid.), “Nā Manu” na Aristophanes (1889, ʻaʻole post.).
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