Thomas Hampson |

Thomas Hampson

ʻO ka mea mele ʻAmelika, ʻo ia kekahi o nā baritones maikaʻi loa o ko mākou manawa. He mea hoʻokani kūikawā o ka Verdi repertoire, he unuhi maʻalahi o ka mele leo o ke keʻena, he mea mahalo i ka mele o nā mea kākau o kēia wā, he kumu - aia ʻo Hampson i loko o kahi mau kānaka. Ua kamaʻilio ʻo Thomas Hampson i kēia mau mea a ʻoi aku i ka mea kākau moʻolelo Gregorio Moppi.

Ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo EMI i kāu CD me nā hoʻopaʻa leo ʻana o nā arias mai nā opera a Verdi. He mea kupanaha ka hele pū ʻana o ka Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment me ʻoe.

ʻAʻole kēia he ʻimi pāʻoihana, e hoʻomanaʻo wale i ka nui o koʻu hīmeni ʻana me Harnoncourt! I kēia mau lā, aia ka manaʻo o ka hoʻokani mele opera me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole i ke ʻano maoli o ke kikokikona, i kona ʻuhane maoli a me ke ʻano hana i loaʻa i ka wā i puka mai ai ke kikokikona. ʻO ka pahuhopu o kaʻu diski ka hoʻi ʻana i ke kani kumu, i ke ʻano hohonu a Verdi i hoʻokomo ai i kāna mele. Aia nā manaʻo e pili ana i kona ʻano ʻaʻole au e kaʻana like. No ka laʻana, ka stereotype o ka "Verdi baritone". Akā ʻo Verdi, he kanaka akamai, ʻaʻole ia i hana i nā ʻano o ke ʻano hiʻohiʻona, akā ua wehewehe ʻo ia i nā mokuʻāina psychological e loli mau ana: no ka mea, ʻo kēlā me kēia opera kona kumu ponoʻī a ua hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia protagonist i kahi ʻano kūʻokoʻa, kāna kala leo ponoʻī. ʻO wai kēia "Verdi baritone": ʻO ka makuakāne o Jeanne d'Arc, Count di Luna, Montfort, Marquis di Posa, Iago… ʻo wai o lākou? ʻO kekahi pilikia ka legato: nā manawa like ʻole o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, nā ʻano like ʻole. Loaʻa iā Verdi nā ʻano legato like ʻole, me ka nui o ka piano, pianissimo, mezzo-forte. Lawe i ka helu o Luna. Uaʻike mākou a pau he kanaka paʻakikī kēia: akā, i ka manawa o ka aria Il balen del suo sorriso, aiaʻo ia i ke aloha, piha i ke kuko. I kēia manawa ʻo ia wale nō. A he aha kāna mele? He serenade aneane ʻoi aku ka nani ma mua o ka serenade a Don Juan Deh, vieni alla finestra. 'Ōlelo wau i kēia mau mea ʻaʻole no ka mea ʻo kaʻu Verdi ka mea maikaʻi loa o nā mea āpau, makemake wale wau e haʻi i koʻu manaʻo.

He aha kāu papa inoa Verdi?

Ke hoʻonui mālie nei. I ka makahiki i hala ma Zurich, hīmeni wau i kaʻu Macbeth mua. Ma Vienna i ka makahiki 2002, komo au i kahi hana hou na Simon Boccanegra. He mau ʻanuʻu koʻikoʻi kēia. Me Claudio Abbado e hoʻopaʻa wau i ka ʻāpana o Ford ma Falstaff, me Nikolaus Harnoncourt Amonasro ma Aida. He mea ʻakaʻaka, ʻeā? Hoʻopaʻa ʻo Harnoncourt iā Aida! ʻAʻohe oʻu mahalo i ka hīmeni ʻana me ka nani, pololei, pololei. Pono e alakaʻi ʻia e ke ʻano o ke ʻano. Pono kēia e Verdi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe Verdi soprano kūpono, Verdi baritone maikaʻi loa… Ua luhi wau i kēia mau hoʻohālikelike maʻalahi a maʻalahi. "Pono ʻoe e hoʻomālamalama i ke ola i loko o mākou, ma ke kahua he kanaka mākou. He ʻuhane ko mākou,” wahi a Verdi. Inā, ma hope o kanakolu kekona o ke mele a Don Carlos, ʻaʻole ʻoe e hopohopo, ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo i ka nui o kēia mau kiʻi, a laila ua hewa kekahi. ʻO ka hana a ka mea pena ke nīnau iā ia iho no ke aha ke ʻano o ke ʻano āna e wehewehe nei i ke ʻano o kāna hana ʻana, a hiki i ke kumu o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ola o ke kanaka ma waho o ke kahua.

Makemake ʻoe iā Don Carlos ma ka ʻōlelo Palani a i ʻole Italia?

ʻAʻole wau makemake e koho ma waena o lākou. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka Verdi opera wale nō e mele mau ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Palani ʻo ia ka Sicilian Vespers, no ka mea, ʻaʻole kūpono kāna unuhi Italia. Ua hāpai ʻia kēlā me kēia memo o Don Carlos ma ka ʻōlelo Farani e Verdi. ʻO kekahi mau huaʻōlelo i ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻano Italia. ʻAʻole, he kuhihewa kēia. He ʻōlelo Palani kēia. ʻO ka Italian Don Carlos kahi opera i kākau hou ʻia: ʻoi aku ka kokoke o ka mana Farani i ka hana keaka a Schiller, ʻo ke kiʻi auto-da-fé kūpono loa i ka mana Italia.

He aha kāu e ʻōlelo ai e pili ana i ka transposition no ka baritone o ka ʻāpana o Werther?

E akahele, ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻo Massenet i ka ʻāpana, akā kākau hou iā ia no Mattia Battistini. ʻO kēia Werther kahi kokoke i ka manic depressive romantic Goethe. Pono kekahi e hoʻokani i ka opera ma kēia ʻano ma Italia, he hanana maoli ia i ka honua o ka moʻomeheu.

A me Kauka Faust Busoni?

He haku mele kēia i poina no ka lōʻihi loa, he opera e pili ana i nā pilikia nui o ke ola kanaka.

ʻEhia mau kuleana āu i pāʻani ai?

ʻAʻole maopopo iaʻu: i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kaʻu ʻoihana, hīmeni wau i kahi helu nui o nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. No ka laʻana, ua hana ʻia koʻu hoʻomaka ʻana ma ʻEulopa ma ke ʻano he gendarme ma Poulenc's opera Breasts of Tiresias. I kēia mau lā, ʻaʻole maʻamau ka poʻe ʻōpio e hoʻomaka me nā hana liʻiliʻi, a laila hoʻopiʻi lākou no ka pōkole loa o kā lākou ʻoihana! Loaʻa iaʻu nā debuts a hiki i 2004. Ua hīmeni mua wau iā Onegin, Hamlet, Athanael, Amfortas. Makemake nui au e hoʻi i nā keaka e like me Pelléas a me Mélisande a me Billy Budd.

Ua loaʻa iaʻu ka manaʻo ua kāpae ʻia nā mele a Wolf mai kāu repertoire Lied…

He mea kahaha iaʻu ma Italia hiki i kekahi ke hoihoi i kēia. Eia naʻe, e hiki koke mai ana ka lā hoʻomanaʻo o Wolf, a kani pinepine kāna mele a ʻōlelo ka poʻe "ua lawa, e neʻe kāua iā Mahler". Ua hīmeni au iā Mahler i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kaʻu ʻoihana, a laila hoʻokaʻawale iā ia. Akā, e hoʻi au iā ia i ka makahiki 2003, me Barenboim.

I ke kauwela i hala ua hoʻokani ʻoe ma Salzburg me kahi papahana ʻaha mele mua…

Ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka manaʻo o nā haku mele ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa. ʻO ka puʻuwai o koʻu manaʻo, ʻo ka makemake e hāʻawi hou aku i ka lehulehu i kēia mau mele, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mele i haku ʻia e nā haku haku ʻEulopa, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻAmelika e noho ana ma ʻEulopa. Ke hana nei au i kahi papahana nui me ka Hale Waihona Puke o ka Ahaolelo e makaikai i ka moʻomeheu ʻAmelika ma o ka pilina ma waena o nā mele a me nā mele. ʻAʻole mākou Schubert, Verdi, Brahms, akā aia nā pōʻaiapili moʻomeheu e hui pinepine me nā au koʻikoʻi i ka ʻepekema, me nā kaua koʻikoʻi no ka demokala no ka ʻāina. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, aia ke ala hou ʻana o ka hoihoi i kahi kuʻuna mele i ʻike ʻole ʻia a hiki i kēia manawa.

He aha kou manaʻo no Bernstein ka haku mele?

He ʻumikūmālima makahiki mai kēia manawa, e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo Lenny ma ke ʻano he haku mele ma mua o ke alakaʻi hoʻokani pila.

Pehea nā mele o kēia wā?

He mau manaʻo hoihoi koʻu no nā mele o kēia wā. He mea hoihoi iaʻu me ka pau ʻole, ʻoi aku ka mele ʻAmelika. He aloha like kēia, ua hōʻike ʻia e ka nui o ka poʻe haku mele i kākau, ke kākau nei a kākau noʻu. No ka laʻana, loaʻa iaʻu kahi papahana hui me Luciano Berio. Manaʻo wau ʻo ka hopena he pōʻaiapuni o nā mele i hoʻokani pū ʻia me kahi orchestra.

ʻAʻole anei ʻo ʻoe ka mea i hoʻoikaika iā Berio e hoʻonohonoho i ʻelua mau pōʻai o Mahler, Fruhe Lieder?

ʻAʻole ʻoiaʻiʻo loa kēia. ʻO kekahi o ka Lied, me ka hoʻokani piano a Mahler ʻōpio, a Berio i hoʻonohonoho ai no ka hoʻokani pila, ua noho mua ʻia i loko o nā kiʻi a ka mea kākau no nā mea kani. Ua hoʻopau ʻo Berio i ka hana, me ka hoʻopā ʻole ʻana i ka laina leo kumu. Ua hoʻopā wau i kēia mele i ka makahiki 1986 i koʻu hīmeni ʻana i nā mele ʻelima mua. I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo Berio i kekahi mau ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, a no ka mea ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi pilina pili, ua noi ʻo ia iaʻu e hana.

Ke aʻo nei ʻoe. 'Ōlelo lākou, e hele mai nā mele nui o ka wā e hiki mai ana mai ʻAmelika ...

ʻAʻole au i lohe no ia mea, no ka mea, ke aʻo nui nei au ma ʻEulopa! ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole oʻu hoihoi i ko lākou wahi i hele mai ai, mai Italia, ʻAmelika a i Russia paha, no ka mea, ʻaʻole wau i manaʻoʻiʻo i ke ola ʻana o nā kula aupuni, akā i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole a me nā moʻomeheu like ʻole, ʻo ka launa pū ʻana e hāʻawi i ka mea mele, ma hea ʻo ia i hele mai ai. , nā mea paahana e pono ai no ke komo maikaʻi ʻana i kāna mele. ʻO kaʻu pahuhopu ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kaulike ma waena o ka ʻuhane, ka manaʻo a me nā ʻano kino o ka haumāna. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke hīmeni ʻia ʻo Verdi e like me Wagner, a ʻo Cola Porter e like me Hugo Wolf. No laila, pono e ʻike i nā palena a me nā malu o kēlā me kēia ʻōlelo āu e hīmeni ai, nā ʻano like ʻole o ka moʻomeheu o nā kiʻi āu e hoʻokokoke ai, i hiki ke wehewehe i nā manaʻo a ka mea haku mele i hōʻike ai ma kāna ʻōlelo makuahine. No ka laʻana, Tchaikovsky i oi hopohopo i ka huli ana no ka nani mele manawa ma mua o Verdi, nona ka hoihoi, ma ka mea 'ē aʻe, ua kālele 'ia ma ka wehewehe ana i ke ano, ma ka dramatic hoike, no ka mea, ua makaukau, paha, e kaumaha aku i ka nani o ka ʻōlelo. No ke aha i kū mai ai kēia ʻokoʻa? ʻO kekahi o nā kumu ʻo ia ka ʻōlelo: ua ʻike ʻia ʻoi aku ka hanohano o ka ʻōlelo Lūkini.

ʻO kāu hana ma Italia?

ʻO kaʻu hana mua ma Italia i ka makahiki 1986, e hīmeni ana ʻo The Magic Horn of the Boy Mahler ma Trieste. A laila, i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua komo ʻo ia i kahi hana ʻaha mele o La bohème ma Roma, alakaʻi ʻia e Bernstein. ʻAʻole au e poina. I ka makahiki i hala, ua hīmeni au ma ka ʻōlelo a Mendelssohn ʻo Elijah ma Florence.

Pehea ka opera?

ʻAʻole hāʻawi ʻia ke komo ʻana i nā hana opera. Pono ʻo Italia e hoʻololi i nā mele e hana ai ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ma Italia, ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā inoa ma nā pepa i ka manawa hope loa, a ma waho aʻe o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, malia paha, ʻoi aku ka nui o koʻu kumukūʻai, ʻike wau i kahi a me nā mea aʻu e hīmeni ai i ka makahiki 2005. ʻAʻole wau i hīmeni ma La Scala, akā kūkākūkā. ke hoʻomaka nei e pili ana i koʻu komo ʻana i kekahi o nā hana e wehe ana i nā kau e hiki mai ana.

Nīnauele me T. Hampson i paʻi ʻia ma Amadeus magazine (2001) Publication and translation from Italian by Irina Sorokina