Nui-minor |

Nui-ʻuʻuku, ʻōnaehana nui-ʻuʻuku.

1) He huaʻōlelo e hōʻike ana i ka hui ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokahi. ʻO nā ʻano ʻano maʻamau: ka eponymous major-minor (major mode enriched with chords and melodic turns of the eponymous minor) a, ʻano emi pinepine, ka eponymous minor-major (minor enriched with elements of the eponymous major); ia M.-m. e hui pū me nā ʻano like like - harmonic. nui a harmonic. ʻuʻuku. ʻO Mm. me ka ʻōnaehana chromatic kekahi o nā ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana modal lōʻihi ("extended tonality" - e like me GL Catuar, IV Sposobin).

Nui-ʻuʻuku

Minoro nui

Nui; chords system parallel

liʻiliʻi; chords system parallel

Hoʻohana i nā harmonies kūikawā M. - m. (haʻahaʻa VI a me III kapuaʻi ma M.-m., kiʻekiʻe III a me VI ma ka liʻiliʻi-nui, etc.) haawi i ka fret multicolor, olinolino, decorates ke mele me ka hou polymodal huli.

MP Mussorgsky. Romance "Ua lele mālie ʻo High-mountain ...".

SV Rachmaninov. Romance "Kakahiaka".

Ma ka mōʻaukala M.-m. ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana polymodal kūikawā i hoʻomohala ʻia i ka hohonu o ka classical. ʻōnaehana tonal. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka diatonic nui a me ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka manaʻo o M.-m. Eia naʻe, ʻike ʻia nā mea pili i nā hana homophonic polyphonic. o ka Renaissance (e like me ia, ka M.-m. mua, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia), kahi, no ka laʻana, ʻo ke kānāwai e hoʻopiha i nā cadences o nā leo Dorian, Phrygian a me Aeolian me kahi triad nui (e nānā i ka pakuhi chord o he Dorian M.-m. i loko o ka puke. " History of Musical Culture" na R. Gruber (vol. 1, māhele 1, M.-L., 1941, p. 399)). ʻO nā koena o kēia non-differentiation organically i komo i ka tonal system ma ke ʻano o ka mana nui o ka mea liʻiliʻi a me kona launa pū ʻana me nā chords liʻiliʻi maoli (e nānā, no ka laʻana, nā pahu 8-11 o ka neʻe 2nd o Bach's Italian Concerto), e like me e like me ke ʻano o ka mea nui ( "Picardian") kolu ma ka hopena o ka op liʻiliʻi. I ka wā Baroque, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo M.-m. ma ke ano kupono e hiki ke manao ia Ch. arr. ke ʻano like ʻole o ka mea nui a me ka mea liʻiliʻi o ka inoa hoʻokahi i loko o ka hoʻolālā o hoʻokahi kūkulu (prelude D-dur mai ka neʻe mua ʻana o Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier, vols. 1-27), hiki wale i kekahi manawa i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā chords o ka liʻiliʻi o ka inoa like i loko o ka mea nui (JS Bach, choral prelude “O Mensch, bewein' dein' Sünde gross” no ka okana). Ma ka Viennese classics M. – m. lilo i mea hana ikaika ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻano ʻano nui a me nā ʻano liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻokoʻa o ka inoa like i nā predicates, nā ʻāpana pre-cadence, i ka waena a me nā hoʻomohala (DA modulation i ka neʻe mua o Beethoven's 35nd symphony), i kekahi manawa me ka coloristic emphatically. hopena (ke sonata 1 a Beethoven no ka piano, ʻāpana 2). Wok. Ma ke mele, ʻo ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā chord o ke ʻano kūʻē i ka inclination e hōʻike ana i nā mele like ʻole. nā kiʻi (Leporello's aria mai ka opera "Don Giovanni" na Mozart). ʻO ka lā nui o M.-m. i loko o kona mauʻano a pau e hāʻule i ke au o ka romanticism (F. Schubert, F. Liszt, R. Wagner, E. Grieg, MI Glinka, MP Mussorgsky, NA Rimsky-Korsakov). Hiki i nā huila nui-liʻiliʻi ke kiʻekiʻe loa a me ka juiciness, e hoʻonui ana i ka ratio o nā kī, chords, a me nā mele. nā kipi (e nānā i ka laʻana ma luna). Ke kau nei ma luna o kekahi, ʻo ka pilina o M.-m. e ho'āla i nā kaulahao tertian maʻamau o ke au (no ka laʻana, ka hahai ʻana: haʻahaʻa VI a hiki i ka haʻahaʻa VI alakaʻi i ka hoʻi ʻana i ka pae I; ʻo ka hapa mua o Rimsky-Korsakov's Antar). Ma ke mele o ke kenekulia 16 Mm. hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hana normative me kahi chromatic lōʻihi loa. ʻōnaehana (na SS Prokofiev, DD Shostakovich, P. Hindemith a me nā mea haku mele ʻē aʻe).

Ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana modal kūikawā M.-m. ua ikeia ma con. ʻO ke kenekulia 19, ʻoi loa i nā aʻo ʻana o ka hapa mua. 1th century Theorists o ka papahele 20. a ser. ʻO ke kenekulia 1 (G. Weber, AB Marx, FJ Fetis) i hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano he diatonic palena loa. ʻōnaehana, e wehewehe ana i nā mea o ka "kū'ē" e like me ka hele ʻana ma waho o nā palena o ka ʻōnaehana ("leiterfremde" - "alien to the scale", e like me nā huaʻōlelo Kelemania). Ma ka manaʻo o Fetis no ka tonality, ua ʻike mua ʻia ka foreboding o nā polysystems, kahi M.-m. (nā manaʻo o "pluritonality", "omnitonality"). Ua ʻōlelo ʻo X. Riemann i nā "mixed moods", e manaʻo ana e kapa iā lākou he "minor-major" a me "major-minor", akā aia ʻo ia i nā ʻano liʻiliʻi loa o ia ʻano hui ʻana (no ka laʻana, ka subdominant liʻiliʻi i ka nui). ʻO kahi hōʻike kikoʻī o ke aʻo ʻana a M.-m. loaʻa mai FO Gewart. Ma Russian lit-re manaʻo M.-m. ʻike ʻia ma BL Yavorsky (mau huaʻōlelo: mua "major-minor", ​​ma hope - "chain mode"). E like me ko Gewart manaʻo o M.-m. waiho ʻia e GL Catuar (ma lalo o ka inoa "major-minor ten-ton system") a hoʻomohala hou ʻia e IV Sposobin.

2) ʻO ka inoa o ka mea maʻamau. ka ʻōnaehana tonal o nā mea nui a me nā mea liʻiliʻi e kūʻē i ka ʻōnaehana kahiko, ʻōnaehana a me nā ʻōnaehana atonal o ke kenekulia 20.

E hoʻomaopopo ': Yavorsky B., ʻO ke ʻano o ka haʻiʻōlelo mele (nā mea a me nā memo), ʻāpana 1-3, M., 1908; ʻO Catuar G., ʻO ke kumu o ka lokahi, ʻāpana 1, M., 1924; ʻO ka papa hana o ka lokahi, nā māhele 1-2, M., 1934-35 (Sposobin I., Dubovsky I., Evseev S., Sokolov V.); Berkov V., Harmony, māhele 1-3, M., 1962-1966, 1970; Sposobin I., Nā haʻi'ōlelo ma ke ala o ka lokahi, M., 1969; Kirina K., Major Minor in the Viennese Classics and Schubert, in Sat: Art and Foreign Languages, (Issue 2), A.-A., 1966; nona pono'ī, ka ʻōnaehana Major-Minor i ka hana a DB Kabalevsky (ma muli o nā mea noiʻi), ibid.

ʻO Yu. N. Kholopov