Oleg Moiseevich Kagan (Oleg Kagan) |

Oleg Kagan

Oleg Moiseevich Kagan (Novema 22, 1946, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Iulai 15, 1990, Munich) - Soviet violinist, Mea Hanohano o ka RSFSR (1986).

Ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻohana i Riga ma 1953, ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka violin ma ke kula mele ma ka conservatory ma lalo o Joachim Braun. I ka makahiki 13, ua hoʻoneʻe ka violinist kaulana ʻo Boris Kuznetsov iā Kagan i Moscou, lawe iā ia i kāna papa ma ke kula ʻo Central Music, a mai ka makahiki 1964 - ma ka conservatory. I ka makahiki 1964, ua lanakila ʻo Kagan i ka ʻehā o ka wahi ma ka Enescu Competition ma Bucharest, i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka Sibelius International Violin Competition, i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka makana ʻelua ma ka Tchaikovsky Competition, a ma hope, i ka makahiki 1968, ua lanakila ʻo ia i kahi hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū. lanakila ma ka hoʻokūkū Bach ma Leipzig.

Ma hope o ka make ʻana o Kuznetsov, ua neʻe ʻo Kagan i ka papa o David Oistrakh, nāna i kōkua iā ia e hoʻopaʻa i ka pōʻai o ʻelima mau concerto violin Mozart. Mai ka makahiki 1969, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Kagan i kahi hana hoʻomohala lōʻihi me Svyatoslav Richter. Ua lilo koke kā lāua duet i kaulana i ke ao holoʻokoʻa, a ua lilo ʻo Kagan i mau hoaaloha me nā mea hoʻokani mele nui loa o ia manawa - cellist Natalia Gutman (ma hope i lilo i wahine nāna), violist Yuri Bashmet, pianists Vasily Lobanov, Alexei Lyubimov, Eliso Virsaladze. Me lākou, ua pāʻani ʻo Kagan i nā hui keʻena ma kahi ʻahaʻaina ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Kuhmo (Finland) a ma kāna ʻahaʻaina kauwela ma Zvenigorod. I ka hopena o nā makahiki 1980, ua hoʻolālā ʻo Kagan e hoʻonohonoho i kahi ʻahaʻaina ma Kreut (Bavarian Alps), akā ʻo ka make mua ʻana mai ka maʻi maʻi i kāohi iā ia mai ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia mau hoʻolālā. I kēia lā, mālama ʻia ka ʻahaʻaina ma Kreuth no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka mea hoʻokani pila.

Ua kaulana ʻo Kagan ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani keena maikaʻi, ʻoiai ua hana ʻo ia i nā hana ʻaha mele nui. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia a me kāna wahine ʻo Natalia Gutman i ka Brahms Concerto no ka violin a me cello me ka orchestra, no ka laʻana, ua kaulana loa. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo Alfred Schnittke, ʻo Tigran Mansuryan, ʻo Anatole Vieru i kā lākou haku mele i ka duet o Kagan lāua ʻo Gutman.

ʻO ka repertoire a Kagan i loaʻa nā hana a nā mea kākau o kēia wā i hana ʻole ʻia i kēlā manawa ma USSR: Hindemith, Messiaen, nā haku mele o ke Kula ʻo New Vienna. Ua lilo ʻo ia i mea hoʻokani mua o nā hana i hoʻolaʻa iā ia e Alfred Schnittke, Tigran Mansuryan, Sofia Gubaidulin. He unuhi ʻōlelo akamai ʻo Kagan i ka mele a Bach lāua ʻo Mozart. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mele he nui o ka mea hoʻokani pila ma CD.

I ka makahiki 1997, ua hana ke alaka'i o Andrey Khrzhanovsky i ke ki'i 'Oleg Kagan. Ke ola ma hope o ke ola."

Ua kanu ʻia ʻo ia ma Moscow ma ka hale kupapaʻu ʻo Vagankovsky.

ʻO ka mōʻaukala o nā hana hana o ke kenekulia i hala ua ʻike i nā mea hoʻokani pila koʻikoʻi i ʻoki pōkole ʻia kā lākou ʻoihana ma ka piko o kā lākou mana hana - Ginette Neve, Miron Polyakin, Jacqueline du Pré, Rosa Tamarkina, Yulian Sitkovetsky, Dino Chiani.

Akā, ua hala ka wā, a waiho nā palapala mai ia mea, a ma waena o nā mea a mākou e ʻike ai, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā hoʻopaʻa leo ʻana o nā mea mele ʻōpio i make, a ʻo ka mea astringent o ka manawa e hoʻopili paʻa i kā lākou pāʻani i loko o ko mākou mau manaʻo me ka manawa i hānau ai a hoʻopili iā lākou.

ʻO ka manaʻo nui, ua haʻalele ke au o Kagan iā ia. Ua make ʻo ia i ʻelua mau lā ma hope o kāna ʻaha mele hope loa ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka ʻahaʻaina āna i hoʻonohonoho ai ma Bavarian Kreuth, ma ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ke kauwela o 1990, i loko o ke keʻena maʻi maʻi o ka haukapila Munich - a i kēia manawa, ʻo kahi maʻi maʻi e holomua wikiwiki nei. e hōʻino ana i ka moʻomeheu a me ka ʻāina i hānau ʻia ai ʻo ia i kona wā ʻōpio mai ka hopena a hiki i ka hopena (i hānau ʻia ma Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, hoʻomaka e aʻo ma Riga ...), a ola iā ia no kahi manawa pōkole loa.

Me he mea lā ua maopopo a kūlohelohe nā mea a pau, akā he mea kūikawā ka hihia o Oleg Kagan. ʻO ia kekahi o kēlā mau mea pena kiʻi i manaʻo e kū i luna o ko lākou manawa, ma luna o ko lākou au, i ka manawa like no lākou a nānā, i ka manawa like, i ka wā i hala a i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Kagan hoʻokō 'ia e hoʻohui i loko o kāna hana kiʻi mea, ma ka maka mua, incompatible: ka perfectionism o ke kula kahiko, e hele mai ana mai kona kumu, David Oistrakh, ka rigor a me objectivity o ka unuhi, i koi 'ia e na au o kona manawa, a ma ka ʻO ka manawa hoʻokahi - kahi manaʻo hoihoi o ka ʻuhane, makemake nui i ke kūʻokoʻa mai nā gorges o nā kikokikona mele (e hoʻokokoke iā ia iā Richter).

A ʻo kāna hoʻopiʻi mau ʻana i ka mele o kona mau hoa - Gubaidulina, Schnittke, Mansuryan, Vier, nā mele kahiko o ke kenekulia iwakālua - Berg, Webern, Schoenberg, i kumakaia i loko ona ʻaʻole wale he mea noiʻi noiʻi o nā mea kani hou, akā he maopopo maopopo me ka ʻole o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻano hōʻike, nā mele - a me ia pū, e lilo ke ʻano o ka mea hana i mea pāʻani pipiʻi i loko o kahi waiwai hale hōʻikeʻike (pehea ʻo ia e manaʻo ai inā nānā ʻo ia i nā pepa philharmonic o kēia lā, i hōʻemi i ke ʻano kokoke i ka pae o ʻO ka wā Soviet kuli loa! ..)

I kēia manawa, ma hope o nā makahiki he nui, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo ua hala ʻo Kagan i ka pilikia i ʻike ʻia e ka hana Soviet i ka pau ʻana o ka noho ʻana o ka USSR - i ka wā i hala ʻole ai ka luhi o ka wehewehe ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi a me ka haʻahaʻa, i ka wā e ʻimi ai e lanakila. ʻO kēia luuluu ua haehae ʻia nā mea kani, makemake e hōʻike i ka hohonu o ka manaʻo noʻonoʻo, a me ka ʻike ʻana i loko o ia mea he mea kūʻē i ka politika.

ʻAʻole pono ʻo Kagan i kēia mau "kākoʻo" - he mea hoʻokani kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa ʻo ia, noʻonoʻo hohonu, ʻaʻohe palena o kāna mau hana. Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻo ia me nā mana koʻikoʻi - ʻOistrakh, Richter - ma ko lākou pae ponoʻī, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana iā lākou he pololei ʻo ia, ʻo ia ka hopena i hānau ʻia ai nā haku hana koʻikoʻi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i kekahi ke ʻōlelo ua hoʻokomo ʻo Oistrakh iā ia i kahi aʻo ʻokoʻa i loko e hiki ai iā ia ke neʻe i kāna ʻoihana ma kahi laina piʻi ʻana, ʻo ke ʻano kumu i ka kikokikona mele - a ma ia mea, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻomau o kāna. kuʻuna. Eia naʻe, i ka wehewehe ʻana a Kagan i nā mele like - sonatas a me nā concerto na Mozart, Beethoven, no ka laʻana - ʻike kekahi i ke kiʻekiʻe transcendent kiʻekiʻe o ka lele ʻana o ka manaʻo a me ka manaʻo, ka hoʻouka ʻana o kēlā me kēia kani, ʻaʻole hiki iā Oistrakh ke loaʻa, he mea hoʻokani pila. o kekahi manawa me kekahi mau waiwai i loko ona.

He mea kupanaha ka ʻike koke ʻana o Oistrakh i kēia hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono iā ia iho, a lilo ʻo ia i mea hoʻokani pila a Kagan ma nā paʻi paʻi ʻana o nā concerto a Mozart. Me ka hoʻololi o ka hana, ʻo ia, me he mea lā, hoʻomau i kāna laina ponoʻī i ka hui me kāna haumāna akamai.

Hiki paha iā Svyatoslav Richter, ka mea i ʻike mua i ka violinist ʻōpio maikaʻi, ua lawe ʻo Kagan i kēia leʻaleʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai o kēlā me kēia leo i hoʻopuka ʻia, i hoʻouna ʻia i ka lehulehu. Akā, ʻaʻole like me Richter, ʻaʻole ʻo Kagan i koʻikoʻi i kāna wehewehe ʻana, ʻaʻole ia i hoʻokuʻu i kona mau manaʻo e hoʻonāwaliwali iā ia, a ma nā leo kaulana o nā sonata a Beethoven a me Mozart, ʻike ʻia i kekahi manawa - ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā neʻe lohi - pehea ʻo Richter e hāʻawi ai i ka makemake ikaika o nā ʻōpio. ka mea hookani pila, me ka holo pono a me ka wiwo ole mai kekahi piko o ka uhane a i kekahi. ʻAʻole pono e ʻōlelo, he aha kona mana i kona mau hoa i hana pū me ia - Natalia Gutman, Yuri Bashmet - a ma kāna mau haumāna, auwe, ʻaʻole nui ma muli o ka manawa i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia e ka hopena!

Malia paha ua hoʻoholo ʻia ʻo Kagan e lilo i hoʻokahi wale nō o kēlā mau mea hoʻokani mele ʻaʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka au, akā nāna i hana iā lākou iho. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, he kuhiakau wale nō kēia, ʻaʻole loa e hōʻoia ʻia. ʻO ka mea waiwai nui iā mākou, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻāpana lipine a i ʻole ka paʻi kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hopu ana i ke akamai o kahi mea hoʻokani pila.

Akā ʻaʻole kēia waiwai i kahi kauoha nostalgic. Ma kahi - ʻoiai hiki ke hiki, ʻoiai nā 70s - 80s. ʻAʻole i lilo i ka mōʻaukala o ke kenekulia hope loa - hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia mau palapala ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi alakaʻi i ka hoʻāla hou ʻana o ka ʻuhane kiʻekiʻe o ka hana Lūkini, ʻo ka mea ʻōlelo ʻoi loa ʻo Oleg Moiseevich Kagan.

Hui "Melody"