Nā kī piano a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā memo ma luna o lākou

Ma ka huina, he 88 mau kī ma ka piano piano, a ma waena o 52 he keʻokeʻo, ʻo ke koena he 36 he ʻeleʻele. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kī keʻokeʻo a pau i ka lālani me ka ʻole o nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā, a ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā kī ʻeleʻele i nā hui ʻelua a ʻekolu paha. E nānā i ke kiʻi:

Ma nā kī keʻokeʻo, ʻehiku o nā memo like ʻole e hana pinepine ʻia: DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI. ʻO kēlā me kēia hana hou ʻana mai kahi memo C a i ka memo C aʻe i kapa ʻia he OCTAVE. Aia kekahi memo DO i mua o kahi hui o nā kī ʻeleʻele ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka hema o lākou, me he mea lā "ma lalo o kahi puʻu". Ma hope o ke kī DO ma ka piano ke kī PE, a pēlā aku, ua hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā kī piano a pau. E nānā kākou i ke kiʻi:

No laila, eia kā mākou i ʻike ai:

• Aia mau ka memo DO ma ka hema o nā kī ʻeleʻele ʻelua.
• Aia ka memo PE ma ka piano ma waena o nā kī ʻeleʻele ʻelua.
• Noho ka memo MI i kahi kūlana ma ka ʻākau o kahi hui o ʻelua mau kī ʻeleʻele.
• Aia ka memo F ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka hui o ʻekolu kī ʻeleʻele.
• Aia nā memo G a me A i loko o kahi hui o ʻekolu kī ʻeleʻele.
• ʻO ka memo SI e pili ana i ka memo DO a aia ma ka ʻākau o ka hui o ʻekolu mau kī ʻeleʻele.

He aha nā octaves ma ka piano?

Ua ʻōlelo mua mākou i kēlā me kēia hana hou ʻana o kahi pūʻulu o nā leo ʻehiku i kapa ʻia he octave. Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻōnaehana octave me kahi hale papa nui. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻanuʻu like o ke alapiʻi mele (DO RE MI FA SOL LA SI) i kēlā me kēia manawa ma kahi kiʻekiʻe hou, me he mea lā e piʻi mālie ana ka papahele o ke alapiʻi.

Loaʻa i nā Octaves ko lākou mau inoa ponoʻī, maʻalahi loa lākou. Aia nā leo haʻahaʻa a me ke kiʻekiʻe i ka octaves, i kapa ʻia: MUA, ʻElua, ʻEkolu, ʻEhā a me Elima. ʻO ka octave mua ka mea maʻamau i ka waena o ka mea kani, i ka waena o ka laulā. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lua, kolu, ʻehā octave, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau e pili ana i ka octave mua. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole i piha ka ʻelima octave, no ka mea, hoʻokahi wale nō leo i loko - hoʻokahi wale nō memo DO me ka hoʻomau ʻole.

'Ōlelo lākou no nā memo i loko o nā octave like'ole: a hiki i ka octave mua, a hiki i ka octave lua, a hiki i ke kolu octave, etc., paakai o ka octave mua, paakai o ke kolu octave, paakai o ka ha octave, etc. .

Aia nā leo haʻahaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka piano piano. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou i nā octaves, i kapa ʻia ʻo: SALL, BIG, CONTROCTAVES, SUBCONTROCTAVES. ʻO ka octave liʻiliʻi kahi kokoke loa i ka mua, ma ka hema koke. Ma lalo, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka hema, ma ka piano - nā kī o kahi octave nui, a laila - nā counteroctave. ʻAʻole piha ka subcontroctave, ʻelua mau kī keʻokeʻo - la a me si.

No ke aha nā kī ʻeleʻele?

Ua noʻonoʻo mākou me nā kī keʻokeʻo o ka piano - aia nā memo nui DO RE MI FA SOL LA a me SI i nā octaves like ʻole. A he aha nā kī ʻeleʻele ma ka piano? He alakaʻi wale nō ia? ʻAʻole ia. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia i loko o ke mele nā ​​memo kumu (nā ʻanuʻu), ʻehiku o lākou, a ma waho aʻe o lākou he mau ʻanuʻu derivative, i loaʻa ma ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kumu kumu. Hōʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻanuʻu e ka huaʻōlelo SHARP, a hōʻike ʻia ka emi ʻana e ka huaʻōlelo FLAT.

I nā memo mele, hoʻohana ʻia nā hōʻailona kūikawā e kuhikuhi i nā ʻoi a me nā palahalaha. ʻO ka ʻoi o ka outline he lattice liʻiliʻi (e like me ka lattice e like me kāu kīpē kelepona), i kau ʻia ma mua o kahi memo. ʻO ka palahalaha (mai Farani - soft "be") ua like ia me kahi hōʻailona palupalu Lūkini, ʻoi aku ka kuhikuhi ʻana i ka lalo a i ʻole ka huapalapala Latin b, ua kau ʻia kēia hōʻailona, ​​​​e like me ka koi, i mua o ka memo (ma mua).

NUI! ʻOi a palahalaha hoʻokiʻekiʻe a hoʻohaʻahaʻa paha, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻololi i ka memo e kahi SEMITOONE. Semitone - he nui a liʻiliʻi paha? ʻO ka semitone ma ka piano piano ka mamao liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā kī ʻelua. ʻO ia hoʻi, inā hoʻokani ʻoe i nā kī a pau o ka piano i ka lālani, me ka ʻole o ka lele ʻana i ke keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻeleʻele, a laila e loaʻa kahi mamao semitone ma waena o nā kī pili ʻelua.

A inā pono mākou e pāʻani i kekahi ʻano ʻoi, a laila lawe wale mākou i ke kī i kahi semitone kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ka DO, RE a i ʻole MI keʻokeʻo maʻamau, akā ʻo ka mea ʻeleʻele e hahai ana iā ia (a keʻokeʻo paha, inā loaʻa. ʻaʻohe ʻeleʻele kokoke). E ʻike kākou i kekahi mau laʻana:

ʻO ia ka mea i hui pū ʻia nā memo ʻelua - mi-sharp a me c-sharp me nā kī ʻē aʻe. Ua like ka MI SHARP me ke kī FA, a ua like ka C SHARP me ke kī C. No kēia mau koi, ʻaʻohe kī ʻeleʻele ʻokoʻa, no laila ua "hoʻopakele" nā kī keʻokeʻo kokoke iā lākou. ʻAʻohe mea e kahaha ai, ma ke mele ke hana pinepine nei kēia. ʻO kēia waiwai hoihoi, ke kani like nā leo, akā kapa ʻia ʻokoʻa, nona ka inoa ENHARMONISM (ENHARMONIC EQUALITY).

Inā pono mākou e lawe i kahi pālahalaha ma ka piano, a laila, pono mākou e pāʻani i kahi kī i kahi semitone haʻahaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka hema, ke kī e hele mai ana ma mua o ka mea nui. A ma ʻaneʻi nō hoʻi, e loaʻa nā hihia o ke kaulike enharmonic: F-FLAT i hui pū me ke kī MI, a ʻo C-FLAT me ke kī SI. E ʻike kākou i nā papa ʻē aʻe a pau:

No laila, hana nā kī ʻeleʻele ma ka papa piano piano i kahi hana pālua hoihoi loa: no kekahi mau memo he ʻoi lākou, a no nā mea ʻē aʻe he palahalaha. Inā ua aʻo maikaʻi ʻoe i ka haʻawina o kēia lā, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke inoa maʻalahi i kēia mau pāʻani kī. Inā ʻoe e hana pū me kahi keiki, a laila e noʻonoʻo e nīnau iā ia e pili ana i kēia manaʻo i loko o kona poʻo e waiho maikaʻi ʻia. Ma ke ala, inā ʻoe e aʻo pehea e kākau mele me kāu keiki, a laila he alakaʻi maikaʻi kā mākou e kōkua iā ʻoe - Pehea e aʻo ai i ke mele me kahi keiki? Welina mai i kēia ʻaoʻao!

E na makamaka! Ua kōkua anei kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe ma kekahi ʻano? He aha nā nīnau āu i waiho ʻole ai? He aha hou kāu makemake e ʻike mai iā mākou e pili ana i ke ao mele? E kākau i kou mau manaʻo a me kou mau manaʻo ma nā ʻōlelo. ʻAʻohe o kāu mau memo e ʻike ʻole ʻia.