Sergei Artemyevich Balasanian |

Pane ʻo Sergey

ʻO ke mele o kēia haku mele he kumu maoli, ʻokoʻa, noʻonoʻo a me ka hoʻolohe ʻana iā ia, hāʻule ʻoe i lalo o ka nani o ka nani a me ka hou. A. Khachaturyan

Creativity S. Balasanyan hohonu honua ma ke ʻano. He mau aʻa ikaika i ka moʻomeheu ʻAmenia, ua aʻo ʻo ia a hoʻokomo mua i kāna mau hana i ka moʻolelo o nā lāhui he nui. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Balasanyan ma Ashgabat. I ka makahiki 1935, ua puka 'o ia mai ke keena lekiō o ka mōʻaukala a me ka theoretical kumu o ka Moscow Conservatory, kahi o A. Alschwang kona alakai. Ua aʻo ʻo Balasanyan i ka haku mele no hoʻokahi makahiki i kahi papa hana hoʻomohala i hana ʻia ma ke kumu o nā haumāna. Eia kāna kumu ʻo D. Kabalevsky. Mai ka makahiki 1936, ua pili ka ola o Balasanyan a me ka hana hoʻomohala me Dushanbe, kahi i hele mai ai ʻo ia ma kāna manaʻo ponoʻī e hoʻomākaukau i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana o ka palapala a me ka hana o Tajikistan ma Moscow. He momona ka ʻāina no ka hana: ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā kumu o kahi moʻomeheu mele ʻoihana i loko o ka repubalika, a ua komo ʻo Balasanyan i kāna hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he haku mele, lehulehu a me ke mele mele, folklorist a me kumu. Pono e aʻo i ka poʻe mele pehea e heluhelu ai i ke mele, e hoʻokomo i loko o lākou a me kā lākou poʻe hoʻolohe i ka maʻamau o ka polyphony a me ke kani ʻana. Ma ka manawa like, ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka moʻolelo kuʻuna a me nā maqom kahiko i mea e hoʻohana ai i kāna hana.

Ma 1937, ua kākau ʻo Balasanyan i ka pāʻani mele "Vose" (he pāʻani na A. Dehoti, M. Tursunzade, G. Abdullo). ʻO ia ka mea mua o kāna opera mua, The Rising of Vose (1939), ka mea i lilo i ka opera ʻoihana Tajik mua. Hoʻokumu ʻia kāna manaʻo i ke ala ʻana o ka poʻe mahiʻai i nā haku feudal kūloko i ka makahiki 1883-85. malalo o ke alakai ana a ka Vose kaao. I ka makahiki 1941, ua puka mai ka opera The Blacksmith Kova (free by A. Lakhuti based on Shahnameh Firdowsi). ʻO ka mea haku mele ʻo Tajik ʻo Sh. Ua komo ʻo Bobokalonov i kāna hana ʻana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kāna mau mele, me nā mele maoli a me nā mele mele kahiko. "Makemake au e hoʻohana i nā mea hiki ke hoʻohana i nā mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka moʻolelo ʻo Tajik moʻolelo ʻoi aku ka nui… Ma ʻaneʻi ua hoʻāʻo wau e ʻimi i kahi ʻano operatic ʻoi aku ka nui ..." i kākau ʻo Balasanyan. I ka makahiki 1941, ua hoʻokani ʻia nā keaka ʻo The Rebellion of Vose a me The Blacksmith Kova ma Moscou i nā makahiki he ʻumi o ka palapala a me ke kiʻi o Tajikistan. I loko o nā makahiki kaua, ua hoʻomau ʻo Balasanyan, ka mea i lilo i luna mua o ka papa o ka Union of Composers o Tajikistan, i kāna mea haku mele ikaika a me nā hana kaiaulu. I ka makahiki 1942-43. ʻo ia ke alakaʻi noʻeau o ka hale opera ma Dushanbe. Ma ka hui pūʻana me ka mea haku mele Tajik Z. Shahidi Balasanyan i hoʻokumu i ka mele mele "Rosia" (1942), a me ka mele mele "Song of Anger" (1942) - nā hana i lilo i pane i nā hanana o ke kaua. I ka makahiki 1943 ua ne'e ka haku mele i Moscow. Ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he hope pelekikena o ka All-Union Radio Committee (1949-54), a laila (ma ka manawa mua, a mai 1955 mau loa) i aʻo ʻia ma ka Conservatory Moscow. Akā ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia kāna pilina me nā mele Tajik. I loko o kēia manawa, kākau ʻo Balasanyan i kāna ballet kaulana ʻo "Leyli a me Majnun" (1947) a me ka opera "Bakhtior a me Nisso" (1954) (e pili ana i ka moʻolelo a P. Luknitsky "Nisso") - ʻo ka opera Tajik mua e pili ana i kahi pā. kokoke i nā manawa hou (ʻo ka poʻe i hoʻoluhi ʻia o ke kauhale ʻo Pamir o Siatang ke ʻike mālie nei i ka hiki ʻana mai o kahi ola hou).

I ka ballet "Leyli a me Majnun" ua huliʻo Balasanyan i ka'ōlelo India o ka moʻolelo oriental kaulana, e like me ke kahuna pule o Leyli ma ka luakini (lib. S. Penina). Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka ballet (1956), ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke kahua o ka hana i ka mokuʻāina kahiko o Sogdiana, aia ma ke kahua o Tajikistan hou. Ma kēia paʻi, hoʻohana ka mea haku mele i nā kumuhana folk, hoʻokō i nā kuʻuna aupuni Tajik (tulip festival). Hoʻokumu ʻia ka dramaturgy mele o ka ballet ma nā leitmotifs. Hāʻawi pūʻia nā mea nui me lākou -ʻo Leyli lāuaʻo Majnun, e ho'āʻo mau ana kekahi i kekahi, nona nā hālāwai (e loaʻa ana i kaʻoiaʻiʻo a iʻole ka noʻonoʻo) - duet adagios - nā manawa nui loa i ka hoʻomohalaʻana i ka hana. Hoʻomaka lākou me kā lākou lyricism, psychological fullness, nā hiʻohiʻona lehulehu o nā ʻano like ʻole - nā hula o nā kaikamahine a me nā hula kāne. I ka makahiki 1964, ua hanaʻo Balasanyan i ke kolu o ka paʻi ballet, kahi i hoʻokumuʻia aiʻo ia ma ke kahua o ka Bolshoi Theatre o ka USSR a me ka Hale Aliʻi Kremlin o Congresses (ʻo N. Bessmertnova lāuaʻo V. Vasiliev nā māhele nui).

I ka makahiki 1956 ua huli ʻo Balasanyan i nā mele Afghan. ʻO kēia ka "Afghan Suite" no ka orchestra, kahi e hoʻokomo ai i ke ʻano o ka hula i kāna mau hōʻike like ʻole, a laila aia ʻo "Afghan Pictures" (1959) - kahi pōʻai o ʻelima mau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano.

Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o Balasanyan me ka moʻomeheu Armenian. ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi mua iā ia he mau mele ma nā pauku o V. Terian (1944) a me ka mele kahiko o A. Isahakyan (1955). ʻO nā kūleʻa hoʻomohala nui ʻo ia nā haku mele - "Armenian Rhapsody" o kahi ʻano ʻaha mele (1944) a ʻoi aku hoʻi ka suite Seven Armenian Songs (1955), i wehewehe ʻia e ka mea haku mele he "genre-scenes-pictures". ʻO ke ʻano orchestral o ka haku mele he nani loa, hoʻoulu ʻia e nā kiʻi o ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā a me ke ʻano ma Armenia. Ma ʻEhiku Mele ʻAmenia, ua hoʻohana ʻo Balasanyan i nā mele mele mai ka Komita 'Ethnographic Collection. "ʻO ka maikaʻi kupaianaha o kēia mele ʻo ia ke akamai i ka pili ʻana i ke kumu kumu mua," i kākau ai ka haku mele ʻo Y. Butsko, he haumāna no Balasanyan. Ma hope o nā makahiki he nui, ua hoʻoulu ʻia ʻo Balasanyan i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o Komitas i ka hana kumu - hoʻonohonoho iā ia no ka piano. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o nā mele o ʻAmenia (1969) - 100 mau mea liʻiliʻi, i hui ʻia i loko o 6 mau puke. Ua hahai pono ka mea haku mele i ke ʻano o nā mele i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e Komitas, me ka hoʻololi ʻole i hoʻokahi leo i loko o lākou. ʻEiwa mau mele Komitas no ka mezzo-soprano a me ka baritone i hui pū ʻia me ka orchestra (1956), ʻEwalu ʻāpana no ka string orchestra ma nā kumuhana o Komitas (1971), ʻEono ʻāpana no ka violin a me ka piano (1970) pili pū me ka hana a Komitas. ʻO kekahi inoa ʻē aʻe i ka moʻolelo o ka moʻomeheu Armenian i huki i ka manaʻo o Balasanyan - ashug Sayat-Nova. ʻO ka mea mua, kākau ʻo ia i nā mele no ka hōʻike lekiō "Sayat-Nova" (1956) e pili ana i ka mele a G. Saryan, a laila hana ʻo ia i ʻEkolu hoʻololi o nā mele a Sayat-Nova no ka leo a me ka piano (1957). Hoʻopili pū ʻia ka Second Symphony for String Orchestra (1974) me nā mele Armenian, kahi i hoʻohana ʻia ai nā mea o nā mele monodic Armenian kahiko. ʻO kekahi ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi o ka hana a Balasanyan e pili ana me ka moʻomeheu o India a me Indonesia. Kākau ʻo ia i nā mele no nā pāʻani lekiō The Tree of Water (1955) a me The Flowers Are Red (1956) e pili ana i nā moʻolelo na Krishnan Chandra; i ka pāʻani a N. Guseva "Ramayana" (1960), i hoʻokani ʻia ma ke Keʻena ʻo Central Children's Theatre; ʻElima mau mele ma nā paukū a ka mea haku mele India ʻo Suryakant Tripathi Nirano (1965), “Islands of Indonesia” (1960, 6 exotic landscape-genre pena), hoʻonohonoho i ʻehā mau mele a nā keiki Indonesia na Reni Putirai Kaya no ka leo a me ka piano (1961). I ka makahiki 1962-63 ua haku ka mea haku mele i ka ballet "Shakuntala" (ma muli o ke keaka o ka inoa like na Kalidasa). Ke aʻo nei ʻo Balasanyan i ka moʻomeheu a me ka moʻomeheu o India. No kēia hopena, i ka makahiki 1961 ua hele ʻo ia i kēia ʻāina. I kēlā makahiki hoʻokahi, ua puka mai ka orchestral Rhapsody ma nā kumumanaʻo a Rabindranath Tagore, i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā mele ʻo Tagore maoli, a me ʻeono mau mele o Rabindranath Tagore no ka leo a me ka ʻakaʻaka. "He pilina koʻikoʻi ko Sergey Artemyevich Balasanyan me Tagore," wahi a kāna haumāna ʻo N. Korndorf, "ʻo Tagor" kāna "mea kākau, a ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia kēia ma nā palapala e pili ana i nā kumuhana o kēia mea kākau, akā ma kekahi pilina pili ʻuhane o nā mea pena kiʻi.

ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia ka palapala honua o nā mea hoʻomohala a Balasanyan i nā hana i helu ʻia. Ua huli pū ka haku mele i ka moʻolelo o ʻApelika (Four Folk Songs of Africa no ka leo a me ka piano - 1961), ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (ʻElua mele o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika no ka leo a me ka piano - 1961), ua kākau i ka manaʻo ākea 5 ballads Koʻu ʻāina no ka baritone me ka piano. i nā paukū o ka mea haku mele Cameroonian ʻo Elolonge Epanya Yondo (1962). Mai kēia pōʻai he ala i ka Symphony no ka papa mele a cappella i nā pauku o E. Mezhelaitis a me K. Kuliev (1968), 3 mau māhele ("The Bells of Buchenwald", "Lullaby", "Icariad") i hui pū ʻia e ke kumuhana o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka hopena o ke kanaka a me ke kanaka.

Ma waena o nā haku mele hou loa a Balasanyan, ʻo ia ka lyrically frank Sonata for cello solo (1976), ka mele mele "Amethyst" (ma ka pauku a E. Mezhelaitis e pili ana i nā kumu o Tagore - 1977). (I ka makahiki 1971, hele pū ʻo Balasanyan lāua ʻo Mezhelaitis i India.) Ma ka kikokikona o Amethyst, ʻike ʻia ka hui ʻana o 2 mau honua - ke akeakamai o Tagore a me ka poetry o Mezhelaitis.

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ʻike hou ʻia nā kumu ʻAmenia ma ka hana a Balasanyan - he pōʻai o nā moʻolelo pōkole ʻehā no nā piano ʻelua "Across Armenia" (1978), nā puʻupuʻu leo ​​"Aloha iā ʻoe, hauʻoli" (ma G. Emin, 1979), "From medieval. ʻAmenia poetry "(ma ke kahua ʻo N. Kuchak, 1981). Ma ke ʻano he keiki ʻoiaʻiʻo o kona ʻāina hānau, ua ʻapo ka haku mele i kāna hana i nā ʻano mele like ʻole mai nā lāhui like ʻole, he kumu hoʻohālike o ka internationalism maoli i ka hana.

N. Aleksenko