Valery Alexandrovich Gavrilin |
ʻO Valery Gavrilin
"ʻO kaʻu moeʻuhane e hiki i kēlā me kēia ʻuhane kanaka me kaʻu mele. Ke ʻeha mau nei au i ka ʻeha: hoʻomaopopo anei lākou? - ʻO kēia mau huaʻōlelo a V. Gavrilin me he mea lā he mea hoʻolaha lapuwale: ʻaʻole i hoʻomaopopo wale ʻia kāna mele, aloha ʻia, ʻike ʻia, aʻo ʻia, mahalo ʻia, hoʻohālike ʻia. ʻO ka lanakila lanakila ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa o kāna puke puke Lūkini, Chimes, a me Anyuta ballet ka hōʻoia o kēia. A ʻo ka mea huna o kēia kūleʻa, ʻaʻole ia wale nō i ke kālena kakaʻikahi a ka mea haku mele, akā, ʻo ka makemake o nā poʻe o ko mākou manawa i kēia ʻano mele - maʻalahi a me ka hohonu hohonu. Hoʻohui maoli ia i ka Lūkini maoli a me ke ao holoʻokoʻa, nā ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka wā kahiko a me nā pilikia ʻeha loa o ko mākou manawa, ʻakaʻaka a me ke kaumaha, a me kēlā ʻuhane kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻopiha i ka ʻuhane. Eia nō naʻe - ua hāʻawi nui ʻia ʻo Gavrilin me kahi makana laʻa, ʻawaʻawa a hemolele o kahi mea pena kiʻi maoli - ka hiki ke manaʻo i ka ʻeha o kekahi e like me kāna ...
"E nā kālena Lūkini, no hea mai ʻoe?" Hiki iā Gavrilin ke pane i kēia nīnau a E. Yevtushenko me nā ʻōlelo a A. Exupery: “No hea mai wau? ʻO wau mai koʻu wā kamaliʻi ..." No Gavrilin, no nā tausani o kāna mau hoa - "ʻeha ʻeha", ʻo ke kaua ke kula kindergarten. "ʻO nā mele mua i koʻu ola, ʻo ia ka uē a me ka uē ʻana o nā wahine i loaʻa i nā hoʻolewa mai ke alo," e ʻōlelo ʻo ia ma hope, he kanaka makua. He 2 makahiki ʻo ia i ka wā i hele mai ai kahi hoʻolewa i ko lākou ʻohana - i ʻAukake XNUMX, ua make kona makuakāne kokoke i Leningrad. A laila he mau makahiki lōʻihi o ke kaua a me kahi keiki makua ʻole ma Vologda, kahi i holo ai nā keiki i ka hale ponoʻī, kanu i kahi māla, ʻoki i ka mauʻu, holoi i ka papahele, mālama i nā bipi. A ua loaʻa i ka hale makua makua kāna papa mele ponoʻī a me ka poʻe hoʻokani pila, aia kahi piano a me kahi kumu mele ʻo T. Tomashevskaya, nāna i wehe ke keiki i kahi honua maikaʻi a kupaianaha o ke mele. A i kekahi lā, i ka hele ʻana mai o kahi kumu mai ka Leningrad Conservatory i Vologda, ua hōʻike lākou iā ia i kahi keikikāne kupanaha, ʻaʻole i ʻike pono i nā memo, haku mele! A ua loli nui ka hopena o Valery. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hele mai kahi kelepona mai Leningrad a ua haʻalele kahi ʻōpio ʻumikūmāhā makahiki e komo i kahi kula mele ma ka conservatory. Ua lawe ʻia ʻo ia i ka papa clarinet, a i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka wā i wehe ʻia ai kahi ʻoihana haku mele ma ke kula, ua neʻe ʻo ia ma laila.
Ua aʻo ʻo Valery me ka hoihoi, me ka hauʻoli. Me kona mau hoa, e like pu me Y. Temirkanov, Y. Simonov, ua hookani oia i na sonata a me na symphonies a I. Haydn, L. Beethoven, na mea hou a D. Shostakovich a me S. Prokofiev, i loaa ia ia. ho'āʻo e lohe i ke mele ma nā wahi a pau e hiki ai . Ua komo ʻo Gavrilin i ka Leningrad Conservatory i ka makahiki 1958, i ka papa haku mele o O. Evlakhov. Ua haku nui ʻo ia, akā i ka makahiki 3 ua hoʻololi koke ʻo ia i ke keʻena mele mele a lawe koʻikoʻi i ka moʻolelo. Ua hele ʻo ia i nā huakaʻi, kākau i nā mele, nānā pono i ke ola, hoʻolohe i ka dialect o nā kamaʻāina, kamaʻāina iā ia mai ka wā kamaliʻi, hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaopopo i ko lākou mau ʻano, nā manaʻo, nā manaʻo. He hana koʻikoʻi ʻaʻole ma ka lohe wale nō, akā ma ka puʻuwai, ka ʻuhane, a me ka noʻonoʻo. ʻO ia ka manawa, i loko o kēia mau kauhale ʻākau ʻilihune, kahi i aneane ʻaʻohe kāne, e hoʻolohe ana i nā mele a nā wahine, i hoʻopiha ʻia me ke kaumaha hiki ʻole a me ka moeʻuhane ʻole o kahi ola ʻē aʻe, nani, ua ʻike mua ʻo Gavrilin a hoʻokumu i ka pahuhopu nona iho. a me ka manaʻo o ka haku mele - e hoʻohui i nā hoʻokō ʻoihana mele mele me kēia mau ʻano "haʻahaʻa" i kēlā me kēia lā, kahi i hūnā ʻia ai nā waiwai o nā mele maoli a me ka nani. I kēia manawa, ua kākau ʻo Gavrilin i kahi hana hoihoi a hohonu e pili ana i ke kumu mele mele o ka hana a V. Solovyov-Sedogo, a i ka makahiki 1964 ua puka ʻo ia mai ka conservatory ma ke ʻano he musicologist-folklorist ma ka papa o F. Rubtsov. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i haʻalele i ka haku mele, i kona mau makahiki hope, ua kākau ʻo ia i 3 string quartets, ka symphonic suite "Cockroach", he leo leo ma st. V. Shefner, 2 sonatas, comic cantata "Ua kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke kiʻi", leo leo "German notebook" ma st. G. Heine. Ua hana ʻia kēia pōʻai ma ka Union of Composers, i hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia e ka poʻe hoʻolohe, a mai ia manawa ua lilo ia i ʻāpana o ka repertoire mau o nā leo leo he nui.
Ua kama'āinaʻo Shostakovich i nā hana a Gavrilin a ua aʻo ikaika iā ia e komo i ke kula puka. Ma hope o nā hoʻokolohua a pau no ke keʻena o ka haku mele me nā hoʻokolohua komo, ua lilo ʻo Gavrilin i haumāna puka. Ma ke ʻano he hana puka, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka pōʻai leo "Russian Notebook". A i ka hopena o ka makahiki 1965, i loko o nā lā he ʻumi o ka mele mele Leningrad ma Moscow, ua hana ʻia kēia hana no ka manawa mua ma ka ʻaha mele hope loa a hana ʻia i kahi pā! Ua kapa ʻia ka mea haku mele ʻōpio ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ʻo "Yesenin musical", mahalo i kāna talena; ma 1967 ua loaʻa iā ia ka makana mokuʻāina o ka RSFSR. ʻO MI Glinka, ka lilo ʻana i mea ʻōpio loa o ka ʻāina i kēia makana kiʻekiʻe.
Ma hope o ka lanakila lanakila a me ka ʻike ʻia, ua paʻakikī loa i ka haku mele ʻōpio ke hana i ka hana aʻe o ia kūlana kiʻekiʻe. No nā makahiki he nui, ʻo Gavrilin, me he mea lā, "hele i ka malu." Kākau nui ʻo ia a mau: he mele kēia no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā hana keaka, nā suites orchestral liʻiliʻi, nā ʻāpana piano. Hoʻopiʻi nā hoaaloha a me nā hoa hana nui ʻaʻole ʻo ia i kākau i nā mele nui a haku liʻiliʻi. A i kēia manawa, lawe mai ʻo 1972 i 3 mau hana nui i ka manawa hoʻokahi: ʻo ka opera The Tale of the Violinist Vanyusha (ma muli o nā moʻolelo a G. Uspensky), ka lua o ka German Notebook ma st. ʻO G. Heine a me kahi mele leo-symphonic ma St. A. Shulgina "Nā Leta Koa". I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua ʻike ʻia ka pōʻai leo "Evening" me ka subtitle "From the Old Woman's Album", ʻo ke kolu o "German Notebook", a laila ʻo ka vocal-symphonic cycle "Earth" ma st. A. Shulgina.
Ma kēlā me kēia o kēia mau hana, hoʻokō ʻo Gavrilin i kāna manaʻo noʻonoʻo: "E kamaʻilio me ka mea hoʻolohe i kahi ʻōlelo i hiki ke hoʻomaopopo iā ia." Ua lanakila ʻo ia i ka hohonu e kū nei ma waena o nā mele pop, nā mele o kēlā me kēia lā a me nā mele koʻikoʻi, nā mele kula. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hoʻokumu ʻo Gavrilin i nā mele pop o kahi pae kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai i ke keʻena a me nā mea mele opera ke hana ʻoluʻolu iā lākou. ("Horses gallop at night" hana ʻia e I. Bogacheva). E pili ana i ke mele "Two Brothers", kākau ka haku koʻikoʻi ʻo G. Sviridov i ka mea kākau: "He mea kupanaha! Lohe au no ka lua o ka manawa a uē. He aha ka nani, pehea ka hou o ke ʻano, pehea ke kūlohelohe. He aha nā hoʻololi kupanaha: i ke mele mai ke kumuhana a i ke kumuhana, mai ka pauku a i ka pauku. He haku hana. E manaʻoʻiʻo mai iaʻu!” ʻO nā mele kahiko o keʻano,ʻo ia nā mele "E mau ke aloha", "E humuhumu iaʻu i ke kapa keʻokeʻo, makuahine" mai ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni "On the Wedding Day", nani "Joke".
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hana ʻo Gavrilin i nā hana o kahi ʻano nui - suites, poems, cantatas e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻenehana o nā mele pop hou. Ke kamaʻilio nui nei i kāna mau hana i ka poʻe ʻōpio, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka mea haku mele i nā ʻano "kiʻekiʻe" o nā mele kahiko, akā hana i kahi ʻano hou, kahi i kapa ʻia e ka mea mele mele ʻo A. Sohor "song-symphonic".
He kuleana nui ko ke keaka keaka i ke ola hana o Valery Gavrilin. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā mele no 80 mau hana ma nā kūlanakauhale like ʻole o ka ʻāina. Manaʻo ka mea haku mele i ka hana ma luna o ʻehā wale nō o lākou i kūleʻa loa: "Ma hope o ka hoʻokō ʻana, noi wau" ma ka Leningrad Youth Theatre, "Mai hoʻokaʻawale me kāu poʻe aloha" ma Leningrad Theatre. Lenin Komsomol, ʻEkolu ʻeke palaoa weed i loko o ka ABDT iā lākou. M. Gorky, "Stepan Razin" ma ka hale keaka. E. Vakhtangov. ʻO ka hana hope loa i lilo i mea hoʻoikaika no ka hana ʻana i kekahi o nā hana koʻikoʻi a Gavrilin - ka choral symphony-action "Chimes". (e like me V. Shukshin), ua hāʻawi ʻia ka makana mokuʻāina o ka USSR. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo "Chimes" e nā haku mele ʻelua e like me ke ʻano: "The Wedding" (1978) a me "The Shepherd and the Shepherdess" (e like me V. Astafiev, 1983) no nā soloists, choir and instrumental ensemble. ʻO nā haku mele 3 a pau, a me ka oratorio "Skomorokhi" i hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 1967 a i hana mua ʻia ma 1987 (ma ke kahua ʻo V. Korostylev), ua kākau ʻia ma ke ʻano i hana ʻia e Gavrilin ka mea, ke hana nei ia. Hoʻohui ia i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka oratorio, opera, ballet, symphony, vocal cycle, dramatic performance. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻike maopopo ʻia ka hana keaka, ka nānā ʻana, a me ke koʻikoʻi kiʻi o nā mele a Gavrilin i kekahi manawa e hoʻokani ʻia kāna mau leo leo i kahi hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ("Evening", "Military Letters").
ʻO ka mea i manaʻo ʻole ʻia no ka haku mele ʻo ia kona lanakila nui ma ke ʻano he haku mele ballet. ʻO ka Luna Hoʻokele ʻo A. Belinsky ma nā ʻāpana orkestra a me nā piano ʻokoʻa e Gavrilin, i kākau ʻia 10-15 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua ʻike, a i ʻole i lohe ʻia, i kahi ballet e pili ana i ka moʻolelo o A. Chekhov "Anna on the Neck". 'Ōleloʻo Gavrilin e pili ana i kēia me ka hoʻoheneheneʻole: "Uaʻikeʻia, me kaʻikeʻole, ua kākau wau i nā mele ballet no ka manawa lōʻihi, a me ke kōkuaʻana e hoʻokomo i nā kiʻi o Chekhov ma ke kahua. Akā ʻaʻole kēia he mea kupanaha. ʻO Chekhov kaʻu mea kākau punahele. ʻO ka vulnerability, insecurity, ka meaʻono kūikawā o kāna mauʻano, ka pōʻino o ke aloha i hoʻopaʻaʻoleʻia, ka maʻemaʻe, ke kaumaha kaumaha, ka inaina i ka palaualelo - makemake wau e noʻonoʻo i kēia mau mea a pau i ke mele. ʻO ka ballet TV "Anyuta" me ka nani o E. Maksimova a me V. Vasiliev he lanakila lanakila maoli, lanakila i nā makana honua, ua kūʻaiʻia e nā hui kīwī 114 ma ka honua! I ka makahiki 1986, ua hoʻokani ʻia ʻo Anyuta ma Italia, ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo San Carlo ma Neapolitan, a laila ma Moscow, ma ka Bolshoi Theatre o ka USSR Union, a me nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma Riga, Kazan, a me Chelyabinsk.
ʻO ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka hui hoʻomohala o nā haku kupaianaha ʻo ia ka ballet TV "House by the Road" e pili ana iā A. Tvardovsky, i hoʻokumu ʻia e V. Vasiliev. I ka makahiki 1986, ua hōʻike ka Leningrad Modern Ballet Theatre ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a B. Eifman i ka ballet Lieutenant Romashov ma muli o ka moʻolelo a A. Kuprin ʻo The Duel. I loko o nā hana ʻelua, i lilo i mau hanana kaulana i ko mākou ola mele, ua hōʻike maopopo ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona pōʻino o nā mele a Gavrilin. Ma Malaki 1989, ua hoʻopau ka mea haku mele i ka helu o ka ballet "The Marriage of Balzaminov" ma hope o A. Ostrovsky, ka mea i loaʻa mua i kona ʻano cinematic i loko o ke kiʻi hou e A. Belinsky.
ʻO kēlā me kēia hui hou me ka hana a Valery Gavrilin e lilo i hanana i ko mākou ola moʻomeheu. Hāʻawi mau kāna mele i ka lokomaikaʻi a me ka mālamalama, kahi i ʻōlelo ai ka haku mele ponoʻī: "Aia ka mālamalama a mau i ke ola. A he mea leʻaleʻa mau ke hele i waho, e ʻike i ka nani a me ka nani o ka ʻāina Lūkini! A ʻo ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka honua, aia ka nani, ka noʻonoʻo, a me ka manaʻolana.
N. Salnis
