Vladimir Ivanovich Rebikov |

ʻO Vladimir Rebikov

I koʻu ola a pau, ua moeʻuhane au i nā ʻano hana noʻeau hou. A. Bely

I nā makahiki 1910 ma nā alanui o Yalta hiki ke hālāwai me kahi kanaka kiʻekiʻe a me ke ʻano o ke kanaka e hele mau ana me ʻelua mau umbrellas - keʻokeʻo mai ka lā a ʻeleʻele mai ka ua. ʻO ia ka mea haku mele a me ka pianist ʻo V. Rebikov. Ma muli o kona noho pōkole ʻana, akā piha i nā hanana a me nā hālāwai mālamalama, ke ʻimi nei ʻo ia i kahi mehameha a me ka maluhia. He mea pena kiʻi o nā manaʻo hou, he mea ʻimi i "nā kahakai hou", he mea haku mele ma nā ʻano he nui i mua o kona mau hoa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hōʻike pilikino, a ma hope i lilo i kumu o ke mele o ke kenekulia XNUMX. i ka hana a A. Scriabin, I. Stravinsky, S. Prokofiev, K. Debussy - Ua pilikiaʻo Rebikov i ka hopena pōʻino o kahi mea hoʻokani pila iʻikeʻoleʻia ma kona'āina hānau.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Rebikov i loko o kahi ʻohana kokoke i ke kiʻi (ʻo kona makuahine a me kona mau kaikuahine he pianists). Ua puka 'o ia mai ke Kulanui o Moscow (Faculty of Philology). Ua aʻo ʻo ia i nā mele ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a N. Klenovsky (he haumāna o P. Tchaikovsky), a laila hoʻolaʻa ʻo ia i 3 mau makahiki o ka hana ikaika i ke aʻo ʻana i nā kumu o ka hana mele ma Berlin a me Vienna ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o nā kumu kaulana - K. Meyerberger (kumu mele), O. Yasha (mea kani), T. Muller (piano).

I kēia mau makahiki, ua hānau ʻia ka hoihoi o Rebikov i ka manaʻo o ka mana like o nā mele a me nā huaʻōlelo, nā mele a me nā kiʻi pena. Ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka poetry o nā mea hōʻailona Lūkini, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo V. Bryusov, a me ka pena kiʻi o nā mea pena kiʻi haole o ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi - A. Böcklin, F. Stuck, M. Klninger. I ka makahiki 1893-1901. Ua aʻo ʻo Rebikov i nā kula hoʻonaʻauao mele ma Moscow, Kyiv, Odessa, Chisinau, e hōʻike ana iā ia iho ma nā wahi āpau he kumu hoʻonaʻauao. ʻO ia ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka Society of Russian Composers (1897-1900) - ka hui mua o nā haku mele Lūkini. No ka makahiki mua o ke kenekulia XNUMX, ua hāʻule ka piko o ka hana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka haku mele a me ka hana a Rebikov. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā ʻaha mele he nui a kūleʻa ma waho - ma Berlin a me Vienna, Prague a me Leipzig, Florence a me Paris, loaʻa i ka ʻike ʻia o nā kiʻi mele koʻikoʻi haole e like me C. Debussy, M. Calvocoressi, B. Kalensky, O. Nedbal, Z. Neyedly , I. Pizzetti a me na mea e ae.

Ma nā kahua Lūkini a me nā haole, ua hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻia ka hana maikaʻi loa a Rebikov, ka opera "Yelka". Kākau a kūkākūkā nā nūpepa a me nā nūpepa e pili ana iā ia. Ua nalowale ka kaulana pōkole o Rebikov i kēlā mau makahiki i ka wā i hōʻike ikaika ʻia ai ke talena o Scriabin a me Prokofiev ʻōpio. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i poina loa ʻo Rebikov, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e V. Nemirovich-Danchenko makemake i kāna opera hope loa, ʻo The Nest of Nobles (e pili ana i ka moʻolelo a I. Turgenev).

ʻO ke ʻano o nā haku mele a Rebikov (10 opera, 2 ballets, nui nā pōʻai piano a me nā ʻāpana, nā mele aloha, nā mele no nā keiki) piha i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻohui ia i nā kuʻuna o nā huaʻōlelo Lūkini ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻole i kēlā me kēia lā (ʻaʻole no ka mea ʻole ʻo P. Tchaikovsky i pane maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o Rebikov, ka mea i loaʻa i ka mele mele a ka mea haku mele "ʻano nui ... ) a me ka wiwo ʻole o ka ʻano hou. ʻIke maopopo ʻia kēia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā haku mele mua a Rebikov (piano cycle "Autumn Memories" i hoʻolaʻa ʻia iā Tchaikovsky, mele no nā keiki, ka opera "Yolka", etc.) me kāna mau hana hope ("Sketches of Moods, Sound Poems, White. Nā mele" no ka piano, ka opera Tea a me The Abyss, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai ke ʻano o nā neʻe kiʻi hou o ke kenekulia 50, e like me ka symbolism, impressionism, expressionism, hele mai i mua. He mea hou kēia mau hana ma nā ʻano i haku ʻia e Rebikov: “melomimics, meloplasts, rhythmic recitations, musical-psychographic dramas.” Loaʻa i ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina o Rebikov kekahi mau ʻatikala i kākau ʻia me ka talentedly e pili ana i nā mea hoʻokani mele: "Nā mele mele o nā manaʻo, Music i XNUMX mau makahiki, Orpheus a me nā Bacchantes", etc. a ʻo ia kāna mea nui i ka mele Lūkini.

E pili ana. Tompakova

Nā haku mele:

kahawai (music-psychological and psychographic dramas) - Ma ka hekili (e pili ana i ka moʻolelo "The Forest is Noisy" Korolenko, op. 5, 1893, post. 1894, City transport, Odessa), Princess Mary (ma muli o ka moʻolelo "The ʻO Hero o ko mākou manawa "Lermontov, ʻaʻole i pau.), lāʻau Kalikimaka (e pili ana i ka moʻolelo "The Girl with Matches" na Andersen a me ka moʻolelo "The Boy at Christ on the Christmas Tree" na Dostoevsky, op. 21, 1900, post. 1903, ME Medvedev's enterprise, tr “Aquarium” , Moscow; 1905, Kharkov), Tea (ma ka kikokikona o ka poem o ka inoa like e A. Vorotnikov, op. 34, 1904), Abyss (lib. R. ., ma muli o ka moʻolelo o ka inoa hoʻokahi e LN Andreev, op. 40, 1907), Wahine me ka Dagger (lib. R., ma muli o ka moʻolelo pōkole o ka inoa hoʻokahi e A. Schnitzler, op. 41, 1910 ), Alpha a me Omega (lib. R., op. 42, 1911), Narcissus (lib. R., ma muli o Metamorphoses "Ovid i ka unuhi o TL Shchepkina-Kupernik, op. 45, 1912), Arachne (lib. R., e like me ka Ovid's Metamorphoses, op. 49, 1915), Noble Nest (lib. R., e like me kekahi moʻolelo na IS Turgenev, op. 55, 1916), nā keiki extravaganza Prince Handsome and Princess Wonderful Charm (1900s); bona - Snow White (e pili ana i ka moʻolelo "The Snow Queen" na Andersen); nā ʻāpana no ka piano, nā mele; nā mele aloha, nā mele no nā keiki (i nā ʻōlelo a nā haku mele Lūkini); nā hoʻonohonoho o nā mele Czech a me Slovak, etc.

Nā hana moʻokalaleo: ʻO Orpheus a me nā Bacchantes, "RMG", 1910, No 1; Ma hope o 50 makahiki, ibid., 1911, No. 1-3, 6-7, 13-14, 17-19, 22-25; Musical Recordings of Feeling, ibid., 1913, No 48.

E hoʻomaopopo ': Karatygin VG, VI Rebikov, "Ma nā lā 7", 1913, No 35; Stremin M., No Rebikov, "Artistic Life", 1922, No 2; Berberov R., (mu'ōlelo mua), ma ka ed.: Rebikov V., Nā ʻāpana no ka Piano, Notebook 1, M., 1968.