Alexander Abramovich Chernov |
ʻO Alexander Chernov
He haku mele ʻo Leningrad, haku mele, kumu a me ke kumu aʻo ʻo Chernov. ʻO kāna mau hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa ka versatility a me ka laulā o nā makemake, ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano mele like ʻole, e hoʻoikaika ana i nā kumuhana hou.
Alexander Abramovich Pen (Chernov) ua hānau ʻia ma Nowemapa 7, 1917 ma Petrograd. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e haku mele i ka waena o 30s, i kona komo ʻana i ke Kula ʻo Musical ma ka Leningrad Conservatory, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia i koho i ke mele ma kāna ʻoihana. I ka makahiki 1939, ua puka 'o Peng mai ka Faculty of Chemistry o ke Kulanui o Leningrad a ua ho'omaka 'o ia e hana ma kēia 'oihana, a he mau mahina ma hope mai, ua koho 'ia 'o ia i ka pū'ali koa. Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ʻeono makahiki o ka ʻoihana koa ma ka Hikina mamao, i ka hāʻule o 1945 ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo ia a hoʻi i Leningrad. I ka makahiki 1950, puka 'o Peng mai ka Leningrad Conservatory (nā papa haku mele o M. Steinberg, B. Arapov a me V. Voloshinov). Mai ia manawa mai, ua hoʻomaka ka hana mele like ʻole a Pan, me ka lawe ʻana i ka inoa ʻo Chernov ma ke ʻano he pseudonym haku mele no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i kona makuahōnōwai kāne ʻo M. Chernov, he haku mele a kumu kumu kaulana ʻo Leningrad.
Ke kuhikuhi nei ʻo Chernov i kāna hana i nā ʻano mele like ʻole, hōʻike maopopo iā ia iho ma ke ʻano he loea mele, mea kākau o nā puke a me nā ʻatikala e pili ana i ke mele, ma ke ʻano he kumu aʻoaʻo akamai. Ua huli ka mea haku mele i ke ʻano operetta ʻelua i ka makahiki 1953-1960 ("White Nights Street" a, me A. Petrov, "Ekolu Haumāna Ola").
Ua pau ke ala ola o AA Pan (Chernov) i ka lā 5 o Mei, 1971. Ma waho aʻe o nā operettas i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻo ka papa inoa o nā hana hoʻomohala i hana ʻia ma luna o iwakāluakūmālima mau makahiki e pili ana i ka symphonic poem "Danko", ka opera "First Joys", a ka pōʻai leo e pili ana i nā mele a Prevert, nā ballets "Icarus", "Gadfly", "Optimistic Tragedy" a me "Ua hoʻoholo ʻia i ke kauhale" (ʻo nā mea hope ʻelua i kākau pū ʻia me G. Hunger), nā mele, nā ʻāpana no nā ʻano like ʻole. orkestra, mele no na hana a me na kii, na buke — “I. Dunayevsky", "Pehea e hoʻolohe ai i nā mele", nā mokuna ma ka puke "Musical form", "Ma ke mele māmā, jazz, ʻono maikaʻi" (i kākau pū ʻia me Bialik), nā ʻatikala ma nā nūpepa a me nā nūpepa, etc.
L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich
ʻO Andrey Petrov e pili ana iā Alexander Chernov
I nā makahiki mua ma hope o ke kaua, ua aʻo au ma ke kula mele Leningrad. NA Rimsky-Korsakov. Ma waho aʻe o ka solfeggio a me ke kuʻikahi, ke kumumanaʻo a me ka mōʻaukala o ke mele, ua lawe mākou i nā kumuhana laulā: palapala, algebra, ʻōlelo haole ...
Ua hele mai kekahi kanaka ʻōpio, nani loa e aʻo iā mākou i ka papa physics. E nānā hoʻomāʻewaʻewa ana iā mākou - nā haku mele e hiki mai ana, nā violinists, nā pianists - ua kamaʻilio hoihoi ʻo ia e pili ana iā Einstein, e pili ana i nā neutrons a me nā protons, huki koke i nā formula ma ka papa ʻeleʻele a, ʻaʻole hilinaʻi maoli i ko mākou ʻike, no ka hoʻohuli ʻana i kāna mau wehewehe ʻana. me na mele.
A laila, ʻike wau iā ia ma ke kahua o ka Hale Liʻiliʻi o ka Conservatory, e kūlou ana me ka hilahila ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kāna mele symphonic "Danko" - he mele ʻōpio a me ka naʻau. A laila, e like me ka poʻe a pau i hele mai i kēlā lā, ua hoʻopio ʻia au e kāna kamaʻilio ʻana i kahi kūkākūkā haumāna e pili ana i ke kuleana o kahi mea hoʻokani pila Soviet. ʻO Alexander Chernov ia.
ʻO ka manaʻo mua e pili ana iā ia, ma ke ʻano he kanaka maʻalahi a hōʻike maikaʻi iā ia iho ma nā wahi he nui, ʻaʻole ia he pōʻino.
Aia nā mea hoʻokani pila i kālele i kā lākou talena, kā lākou hoʻoikaika ʻana i hoʻokahi kahua o ka hana, hoʻokahi ʻano hana hoʻomohala, hoʻomau mau a hoʻomau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i hoʻokahi papa o ke kiʻi mele. Akā aia kekahi mau mea hoʻokani pila e ho'āʻo nei e hōʻoiaʻiʻo iā lākou iho ma nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano, i nā mea a pau e hoʻokumu i ka manaʻo o ka moʻomeheu mele. ʻO kēia ʻano mea hoʻokani pila o ke ao holoʻokoʻa he hiʻohiʻona loa ia o ko mākou kenekulia - ke kenekulia o ka hakakā ākea a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kūlana nani, ke kenekulia o nā mea hoʻokani mele a me nā mea hoʻolohe. ʻAʻole ʻo ia mea haku mele wale nō ka mea kākau mele, akā, he mea hoʻolaha, hoʻohewa, aʻo, a me ke kumu.
ʻO ke kuleana o ia mau mea hoʻokani pila a me ka nui o nā mea a lākou i hana ai e hiki ke hoʻomaopopo wale ʻia ma ka loiloi ʻana i kā lākou hana holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā haku mele ma nā ʻano mele like ʻole, nā puke akamai, hoihoi, nā hana maikaʻi ma ka lekiō a me ke kīwī, ma nā plenums haku mele a me nā symposiums honua - ʻo ia ka hopena e hiki ai i kekahi ke hoʻoholo i ka mea a Alexander Chernov i hana ai i kona ola pōkole ma ke ʻano he mele.
I kēia lā, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻāʻo e hoʻoholo i kahi o nā wahi āna i hana ai: ma ka haku mele, ma ka nūpepa, a i ʻole ma nā hana mele a me nā hana hoʻonaʻauao. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā hana waha waha ʻoi loa o nā mea hoʻokani pila, e like me nā mele a Orpheus, e hoʻomanaʻo wale i ka poʻe i lohe iā lākou. I kēia lā, aia i mua o mākou kāna mau hana: he opera, ballets, he symphonic poem, he vocal cycle, i hoʻolaʻa ʻia e ka Fedpn dilogy a me ka moʻolelo kahiko o Icarus, Voynich's The Gadfly, Remarque's anti-fascist novels and Prevert's philosophical lyrics. A eia nā puke "Pehea e hoʻolohe ai i nā mele", "Ma ke mele māmā, ma ka jazz, ma kaʻono maikaʻi", ke koena i hoʻopauʻole "Ma ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i nā mele hou". I loko o kēia mau mea a pau, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā kumumanaʻo noʻeau, nā kiʻi hoihoi loa i ko mākou puʻuwai i kēia lā, a me nā pilikia mele a me ka nani e hoʻokau mau nei i ko mākou mau manaʻo. He mea hoʻokani pila ʻo Chernov no ke ʻano naʻauao. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ma kāna puke moʻolelo mele, i ʻike ʻia e ka hohonu a me ka ʻoi o kona noʻonoʻo, a me kāna hana a kāna haku mele, kahi i huli mau ai ʻo ia i nā palapala filosofia nui. ʻO kāna mau manaʻo a me kāna mau hoʻolālā he mau ʻike hauʻoli, e lawe mau ana i ka hou a me ke ʻano hohonu. Me kāna hana noʻonoʻo, ua manaʻo ʻo ia e hōʻoia i nā ʻōlelo a Pushkin ʻo ka manaʻo kūleʻa ka hapalua o ke kaua.
Ma ke ola a me kāna hana, he malihini ka noho kaʻawale i kēia mea hoʻokani pila. He ʻoluʻolu loa ʻo ia a pili pono i nā kānaka. Ua hana mau ʻo ia i ko lākou kaiapuni a ua hoʻoikaika ʻo ia no kēlā mau wahi mele a me nā ʻano kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke hilinaʻi i ka hiki ke kamaʻilio kanaka: ua kākau nui ʻo ia no ka hale keaka a me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, hāʻawi i nā haʻiʻōlelo, a komo i nā kūkākūkā like ʻole.
Ma nā hulina hui, nā kūkākūkā, nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ua puhi ʻo Chernov i ke ahi a lawe ʻia. E like me ka pākaukau, ua "hoʻopiʻi ʻia" ʻo ia mai ka kamaʻilio ʻana me nā alakaʻi a me nā haku mele, nā mea keaka a me nā mea mele. A hiki paha i kēia ke wehewehe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i nā manawa he nui - i ka ballet Icarus, i ka operetta Three Students Lived, ma ka puke On Light Music, On Jazz, On Good Taste - ua kākau pū ʻo ia me kāna mau hoaaloha.
Ua hoihoi ʻo ia i nā mea a pau e noho a hoʻohauʻoli i ka honua naʻauao o ke kanaka hou. ʻAʻole wale ma ke mele. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia e pili ana i nā mea hou loa i ka physics, loaʻa iā ia ka ʻike maikaʻi loa i ka palapala (ʻo ia iho i hana i kahi libretto maikaʻi loa no kāna opera e pili ana i ka moʻolelo a K. Fedin), a ua hoihoi nui i nā pilikia o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni hou.
Ua hahai nui ʻo Chernov i ka barometer o ko mākou ola mele ʻino a loli. Ua hopohopo nui ʻo ia i nā pono a me nā ʻono o ka poʻe aloha mele, a ʻoi aku ka poʻe ʻōpio. Mai ka heluna nui o nā ʻano mele like ʻole a me nā ʻano, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hoʻohana a hoʻohana i nā mea a pau āna i manaʻo ai, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani Soviet, mea nui a pono hoʻi iā ia iho a me kāna poʻe hoʻolohe. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā mele quartet a me nā mele, makemake nui ʻo ia i ka jazz a me ka moʻolelo o nā "bards", a i kāna helu hope loa - ka ballet "Icarus" - ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i kekahi mau ʻenehana o ka ʻenehana serial.
ʻO Alexander Chernov ka makahiki like me ʻOkakopa, a ʻo nā makahiki o ka hoʻokumu ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki i ka wiwo ʻole o ko mākou ʻāina ke hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kāna ʻano kīwila a me ke mele. Ua hui like kona wā kamaliʻi me nā makahiki o nā hoʻolālā mua ʻelima mau makahiki, ʻo kona ʻōpio me ke kaua. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i ke ola kūʻokoʻa ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani pila wale nō i nā makahiki 50, a ʻo nā mea a pau āna i hana ai, ua hana ʻo ia i loko o ʻelua mau makahiki. A ua hōʻailona ʻia kēia mau mea āpau e ka sila o ka noʻonoʻo, kālena a me ka makemake hana. Ma kāna mau kākau ʻana, ʻo Chernov ka hapa nui o nā mea lyricist. ʻO kāna mele ke aloha loa, ua hoʻopili ʻia kona mau kiʻi a hōʻike. Ua uhi ʻia ka nui o kāna mau palapala i kahi ʻano melancholy liʻiliʻi—me he mea lā ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka palupalu o kona mau lā. ʻAʻole nui kāna hana. Ua noʻonoʻo ʻo ia e pili ana i kahi symphony, makemake ʻo ia e kākau i kahi opera ʻē aʻe, moeʻuhane ʻo ia i kahi mele symphonic i hoʻolaʻa iā Kurchatov.
ʻO kāna haku mele hope loa i hoʻomaka ʻia he aloha ia ma nā pauku o A. Blok.
… A ono ka leo, a lahilahi ke kaola, A kiekie wale ma na puka alii, Pili i na mea huna, uwe ke keiki Aole e hoi hou mai.
Ua lilo kēia aloha i mele swan a Alexander Chernov. Akā ʻo nā pauku wale nō i koe… Ua like lākou me he epitaph mālamalama i kahi mea hoʻokani pila akamai a akamai.
