Ariy Moiseevich Pazovsky |

Ariy Pazovsky

ʻO ka alakaʻi Soviet, People's Artist of the USSR (1940), lanakila o ʻekolu Stalin Prizes (1941, 1942, 1943). Ua ho'okani nui 'o Pazovsky i ka ho'omohala 'ana i ka hale keaka mele Lūkini a me Soviet. ʻO kona ola hana hoʻohālike he hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o ka lawelawe ʻole ʻana i kāna hana ʻōiwi. ʻO Pazovsky kahi mea pena kiʻi hou, ua kūpaʻa mau ʻo ia i nā manaʻo o ke kiʻi maoli.

He haumana a Leopold Auer, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Pazovsky i kāna ʻoihana kiʻi ma ke ʻano he violinist virtuoso, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻahamele ma hope o ke puka ʻana mai ka Conservatory o St. ke alakaʻi alakaʻi ma ka Hale ʻOpera Yekaterinburg. Mai ia manawa, kokoke i ka hapalua haneli, ua pili kāna hana me ka hana keaka.

ʻOiai ma mua o ka ʻOkakopa Revolution, ua alakaʻi ʻo Pazovsky i nā hui opera. No nā kau ʻelua, ʻo ia ke alakaʻi o ka opera a S. Zimin ma Moscow (1908-1910), a laila - Kharkov, Odessa, Kyiv. He wahi ko'iko'i i loko o ka mo'olelo o ka mea ho'okani pila ma kāna hana ma hope o ka Petrograd People's House. Maanei ua kamaʻilio nui ʻo ia me Chaliapin. "ʻO nā kamaʻilio kamaʻilio me Chaliapin," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Pazovsky, "ʻo kahi noiʻi hohonu o kāna mau kiʻi, i hānai ʻia e nā mele a ka poʻe Lūkini a me nā kuʻuna maoli maoli o nā mele Lūkini, ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo iaʻu ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia ʻia kahi kūlana i ke mele nani maoli, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mele. … »

Ua wehe ʻia ke kālena a Pazovsky me ka ikaika ma hope o ka Great October Revolution. Ua hana nui ʻo ia no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā hui opera Ukrainian, ʻo ia ke alakaʻi nui o ka Leningrad Opera a me Ballet Theatre i kapa ʻia ma hope o SM Kirov (1936-1943), a laila no ʻelima mau makahiki - alakaʻi alakaʻi a me ka alakaʻi alakaʻi o ka Bolshoi Theatre o ka USSR. . (Ma mua o kēlā, ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i nā hana ma ka Bolshoi Theatre ma 1923-1924 a ma 1925-1928.)

Eia ka ʻōlelo a K. Kondrashin e pili ana iā Pazovsky: “Inā e nīnau ʻoe pehea ʻoe e hōʻike ai i ka manaʻo hoʻomohala a Pazovsky ma kahi pōkole, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke pane: ʻo ka ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe loa a me ka pololei iā ʻoe iho a me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Aia nā moʻolelo kaulana e pili ana i ka hoʻokele ʻana o Pazovsky i nā mea pena i ka luhi me nā koi o kahi "manawa" kūpono. I kēia manawa, ma ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i ke kūʻokoʻa hoʻomohala nui loa, no ka mea, ua maʻalahi nā pilikia ʻenehana a ʻaʻole i noho i ka manaʻo o ka mea pena. Ua aloha a ʻike ʻo Pazovsky i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. ʻOiai i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa haneli haneli, loaʻa iā ia nā huaʻōlelo no nā koi hou o ka timbre a me nā kala psychological. A ʻo ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i huli i ka poʻe me nā mea kani ma ko lākou mau lima, akā i nā mea pena kiʻi: ʻo kāna mau ʻōlelo aʻo a pau i hele pū ʻia me ka manaʻo hoʻopono… ʻO Preobrazhenskaya, Nelepp, Kashevarova, Yashugiya, Freidkov, Verbitskaya a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui i kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana me ia ... Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēlā me kēia hana a Pazovsky ma ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, maikaʻi loa ka hana.

ʻAe, ua lilo nā hana a Pazovsky i mea hanana i ke ola noʻeau o ka ʻāina. ʻO nā mele Lūkini ma ke kikowaena o kāna manaʻo hana: Ivan Susanin, Ruslan a me Lyudmila, Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Prince Igor, Sadko, Maid of Pskov, Snow Maiden, Queen of Spades, "Eugene Onegin", "The Enchantress", " Mazeppa”… He mau hana hoʻohālike maoli nō kēia! Me nā mele Lūkini a me nā haole, ua hāʻawi nui ʻo Pazovsky i ka ikaika i ka opera Soviet. No laila, i ka makahiki 1937, ho'okani 'o ia i ka "Battleship Potemkin" o O. Chishko, a ma 1942 - "Emelyan Pugachev" na M. Koval.

Ua hana ʻo Pazovsky a hana i kona ola a pau me ka manaʻo nui a me ka hoʻolaʻa. ʻO ka maʻi koʻikoʻi wale nō e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai kāna hana aloha. ʻAʻole naʻe ʻo ia i haʻalele. I nā makahiki hope loa o kona ola, ua hana ʻo Pazovsky ma kahi puke kahi i hōʻike hohonu ai ʻo ia i nā kikoʻī o ka hana a kahi alakaʻi opera. ʻO ka puke a ka haku kupaianaha e kōkua i nā hanauna hou o nā mea hoʻokani pila e neʻe ma ke ala o ke kiʻi maoli, kahi i kūpaʻa ai ʻo Pazovsky i kona ola a pau.

Lit .: Pazovsky A. Ka mea alakaʻi a me ka mea mele. M. 1959; Nā ʻŌlelo a ka Luna Hoʻokele. M., 1966.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek