Boston Symphony Orchestra |

Boston Symphony Orchestra

ʻO kekahi o nā mele mele symphony kahiko loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1881 e ke kahu ʻo G. Lee Higginson. Ua komo i loko o ka orchestra nā mea hoʻokani pila mai ʻAsuria a me Kelemānia (ma mua he 60 mau mea hoʻokani pila, ma hope ma kahi o 100). ʻO ka ʻaha mele mua loa o ka Boston Symphony Orchestra ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a ke alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻo G. Henschel i mālama ʻia i ka makahiki 1881 ma ka Hale Mele ʻo Boston. I ka pau ʻana o ke kenekulia 19, ua alakaʻi ʻia ka Boston Symphony Orchestra e nā alakaʻi: V. Guericke (1884-89; 1898-1906), A. Nikish (1889-93), E. Paur (1893-98). Mai ka makahiki 1900, hoʻokani mau ʻia ka mea hoʻokani pila ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Symphony. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi nui no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mākau hana o ka Boston Symphony Orchestra ka hana a K. Mook, nāna i alakaʻi i ka hui ma 1906-18 (me ka hoʻomaha; ma 1908-12 ka luna mele M. Fidler). Ma hope o ka make ʻana o Higginson, ka mea nāna i hoʻolilo kālā i nā hana o ka orkestra, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Papa Kahu. I ka makahiki 1918-19, ua hana ka Boston Symphony Orchestra ma lalo o ka lima. ʻO A. Rabo, ua pani ʻia ʻo ia e P. Monteux (1919-24), nāna i hoʻopiha i ka papa mele o ka orchestra me nā hana o nā mele Farani hou.

Ua pili ka lā nui o ka Boston Symphony Orchestra me SA Koussevitsky, nāna i alakaʻi iā ia no 25 makahiki (1924-49). Ua ʻae ʻo ia i nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano hoʻokani pila, hoʻokomo i nā hana he nui o nā mele Lūkini i loko o ka repertoire. (ʻO ka Boston Symphony Orchestra kekahi o nā mea unuhi mua o ka hana a PI Tchaikovsky ma USA). Ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Koussevitzky, ka Boston Symphony Orchestra no ka manawa mua i hana i kekahi mau hana a nā haku haku o kēia wā - SS Prokofiev, A. Honegger, P. Hindemith, IF Stravinsky, B. Bartok, DD Shostakovich, a me nā mea kākau ʻAmelika - A. Copland, W. Piston, W. Shumen a me na mea e ae. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo Koussevitzky i ʻeono pule Berkshire Festival ma Tanglewood (Massachusetts), kahi i hoʻokani ai ka Boston Symphony Orchestra. I ka makahiki 1949-62 ua alakaʻi ʻia ka orchestra e S. Munsch, ua pani ʻia ʻo ia e E. Leinsdorf (mai ka makahiki 1962). Mai ka makahiki 1969, ua alakaʻi ʻia ka Boston Symphony Orchestra e W. Steinberg. ʻO nā alakaʻi nui loa o nā ʻāina like ʻole - E. Ansermet, B. Walter, G. Wood, A. Casella a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea haku mele - AK Glazunov, V. d'Andy, R. Strauss, D. Milhaud, O. Respighi , M. Ravel, SS Prokofiev a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

E holo ana ka manawa o ka Boston Symphony Orchestra mai ʻOkakopa a i waenakonu o ʻAukake i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ʻoi aku ma mua o 70 mau ʻahamele. ʻO ka manawa maʻamau (mai ka makahiki 1900) mālama ʻia nā ʻaha mele kauwela ākea, ka mea i kapa ʻia. ʻO Boston Pops, e hōʻike ana ma kahi o. He 50 mau mea hoʻokani pila (mai ka makahiki 1930, ua alakaʻi ʻo A. Fidler i kēia mau papahana kaulana). Hoʻopaʻa pū ka Boston Symphony Orchestra i nā ʻaha mele ma nā kūlanakauhale nui o ʻAmelika, a ua huakaʻi ʻo ia i nā ʻāina ʻē mai 1952 (ma USSR i 1956).

MM Yakovlev

Nā alakaʻi mele o ka orchestra:

1881-1884 – George Henschel 1884-1889 – Wilhelm Guericke 1889-1893 – Arthur Nikisch 1893-1898 – Emil Paur 1898-1906 – Wilhelm Guericke 1906-1908 –1908 Karl Muck 1912 Mucked 1912 –1918 Karl Muck 1918 Mucked 1919 1919 — Henri Rabaud 1924-1924 – Pierre Monteux 1949-1949 – Sergei Koussevitzky 196-1962 – Charles Munch 1969-1969 – Erich Leinsdorf 1972-1973 – William Steinberg 2002-2004 Nelson – James Seinberg 2011-2014 Nelson