Eduard van Beinum |

Eduard van Beinum

Ma ke ʻano hauʻoli, ua hāʻawi ʻo Holland liʻiliʻi i ka honua i ʻelua mau haku maikaʻi i ka wā o ʻelua mau hanauna.

Ma ke kanaka o Eduard van Beinum, ka orkestra maikaʻi loa ma Netherlands - ka Concertgebouw kaulana - ua loaʻa kahi pani kūpono no ka mea kaulana ʻo Willem Mengelberg. I ka makahiki 1931, ua lilo kekahi haumāna puka o ka Conservatory Amsterdam, Beinum, i alakaʻi ʻelua o ka Concertgebouw, ua komo pū kāna "track record" i kekahi mau makahiki o ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā orkestra ma Hiedam, Haarlem, a ma mua o ia, he manawa lōʻihi o ka hana ma ke ʻano he violist i loko o kahi orkestra, kahi i hoʻomaka ai ʻo ia e hoʻokani mai ka makahiki ʻumikūmāono, a me ka mea hoʻokani piano i nā hui keʻena.

Ma Amsterdam, ua huki mua ʻo ia iā ia iho ma ka hana ʻana i ka repertoire hou: nā hana a Berg, Webern, Roussel, Bartok, Stravinsky. ʻO kēia ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā hoa hana kahiko a ʻoi aku ka ʻike i hana pū me ka orchestra - Mengelberg a me Monte - a ʻae iā ia e lawe i kahi kūlana kūʻokoʻa. I loko o nā makahiki, ua hoʻoikaika ʻia, a i ka makahiki 1938, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka pou o ke alakaʻi mua "lua" no Beinum. Ma hope o kēlā, ua mālama ʻo ia i nā ʻaha mele ʻoi aku ma mua o ka ʻelemakule V. Mengelberg. I kēia manawa, ua ʻike ʻia kāna talena ma waho. I ka makahiki 1936, ua alakaʻi ʻia ʻo Beinum ma Warsaw, kahi i hana mua ai ʻo ia i ka Second Symphony e H. Badings i hoʻolaʻa iā ia, a ma hope ua kipa ʻo ia i Switzerland, Farani, USSR (1937) a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe.

Mai ka makahiki 1945, ua lilo ʻo Beinum i alakaʻi hoʻokahi o ka orchestra. ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki i lawe mai iā ia a me ka hui i nā kūleʻa hoihoi hou. Ua hoʻokani ka poʻe mele Dutch ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi ʻana ma nā ʻāina āpau o ʻEulopa Komohana; ʻO ka mea alakaʻi iā ia iho, ma waho aʻe o kēia, ua holomua ka huakaʻi ma Milan, Roma, Naples, Paris, Vienna, Lādana, Rio de Janeiro a me Buenos Aires, New York a me Philadelphia. A ma nā wahi a pau, hāʻawi ka manaʻo hoʻohewa i kāna kiʻi. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i hauʻoli ka nui o nā huakaʻi i ka mea pena - makemake ʻo ia i ka hana akahele a paʻakikī me ka orchestra, me ka manaʻo ʻo ka hui mau ʻana ma waena o ka mea alakaʻi a me nā mea hoʻokani e hiki ke lawe i nā hopena maikaʻi. No laila, ua hōʻole ʻo ia i nā makana kālā he nui inā ʻaʻole lākou e komo i ka hana hoʻomaʻamaʻa lōʻihi. Akā, mai ka makahiki 1949 a hiki i ka makahiki 1952, ua hoʻohana mau ʻo ia i kekahi mau mahina ma Lākana, e alakaʻi ana i ka Philharmonic Orchestra, a ma 1956-1957 ua hana like ʻo ia ma Los Angeles. Ua hāʻawi ʻo Beinum i kona ikaika a pau i kāna hana kiʻi aloha a make i ka hana - i ka wā hoʻomaʻamaʻa me ka Concertgebouw orchestra.

Ua hana nui ʻo Eduard van Beinum i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka moʻomeheu mele ʻāina o kona ʻāina, e hāpai ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kona mau hoa aloha, e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kiʻi orchestral. I ka manawa like, ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia e ka hiki ke wehewehe i nā mele mai nā wā like ʻole a me nā ʻano like me ke akamai a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano. Malia paha, kokoke loa iā ia nā mele Farani - ʻo Debussy lāua ʻo Ravel, a me Bruckner lāua ʻo Bartok, kāna mau hana i hana ai me ka hoʻoikaika kūikawā a me ka maʻalahi. Nui nā hana a K. Shimanovsky, D. Shostakovich, L. Janachek, B. Bartok, Z. Kodai i hana mua ʻia ma Netherlands ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi. He makana kupaianaha ko Baynum no nā mea hoʻokani pila, e wehewehe ana i nā hana iā lākou me ka ʻole o nā huaʻōlelo; ʻO ka intuition waiwai, ka noʻonoʻo maikaʻi, ka nele o nā cliches i hāʻawi i kāna wehewehe ʻana i ke ʻano o kahi hui like ʻole o ke kūʻokoʻa kiʻi pilikino a me ka hui pono o ka orchestra holoʻokoʻa.

Ua waiho ʻo Baynum i kahi helu nui o nā leo, me nā hana a Bach, Handel, Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms, Ravel, Rimsky-Korsakov (Scheherazade) a me Tchaikovsky (suite mai The Nutcracker).

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek