Gregorio Allegri |
Gregorio Allegri
Allegri. Miserere mei, Deus (The Choir of New College, Oxford)
ʻO kekahi o nā haku nui loa o ka polyphony leo Italian o ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia 1. Haumana o JM Panin. Ua lawelawe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mele ma nā hale pule o Fermo a me Tivoli, kahi i hōʻike ai ʻo ia iā ia iho he haku mele. I ka hopena o 1629, ua komo ʻo ia i ka papa mele pope ma Roma, kahi āna i lawelawe ai a hiki i ka hopena o kona ola ʻana, ua loaʻa iā ia ka pou o kona alakaʻi i 1650.
ʻO ka hapa nui o Allegri i kākau i nā mele i nā kikokikona hoʻomana Latin e pili ana i ka hana liturgical. Hoʻokumu ʻia kāna hoʻoilina noʻeau e nā haku mele polyphonic a cappella (5 mau nui, ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau motets, Te Deum, etc.; he hapa nui - no ʻelua mau papa mele). I loko o ia mau mea, ʻike ʻia ka mea haku mele ma ke ʻano he pani i nā kuʻuna o Palestrina. Akā, ʻaʻole malihini ʻo Allegri i nā ʻano o kēia wā. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ma nā hōʻiliʻili 1618 o kāna mau mele leo liʻiliʻi i paʻi ʻia ma Roma i ka makahiki 1619-2 i kāna "ʻano ʻaha mele" o kēia manawa no 2-5 mau leo, me ka basso continuo. Ua mālama pūʻia hoʻi kahi hana mea hana a Allegri - "Symphony" no nā leo 4, i'ōleloʻia e A. Kircher ma kāna puke kaulana "Musurgia universalis" (Roma, 1650).
Ma ke ʻano he haku mele halepule, ua hauʻoli ʻo Allegri i ka hanohano nui ʻaʻole wale i waena o kāna mau hoa hana, akā i waena o nā kahuna pule kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole ia he coincidence i ka makahiki 1640, e pili ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kikokikona liturgical i hana ʻia e Pope Urban VIII, ʻo ia ka mea i kauoha ʻia e hana i kahi mele mele hou o nā himeni o Palestrina, i hoʻohana ikaika ʻia i ka hana liturgical. Ua hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻo Allegri i kēia hana kuleana. Akā, ua kaulana ʻo ia nona iho ma ka hoʻokani ʻana i ka mele 50th “Miserere mei, Deus” (malia paha ua hana ʻia kēia i ka makahiki 1638), a hiki i ka makahiki 1870 i hana maʻamau ʻia i loko o ka hale pule o St. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo "Miserere" ʻo Allegri i ke ʻano maʻamau o nā mele kapu o ka hale pule Katolika, ʻo ia wale nō ka waiwai o ka papa mele mele a no ka manawa lōʻihi i noho wale ʻia ma ka palapala. A hiki i ke kenekulia 1770, ua pāpā ʻia ke kope ʻana. Eia naʻe, hoʻopaʻanaʻau kekahi iā ia ma ka pepeiao (ʻo ka moʻolelo kaulana loa ke ʻano o ka ʻōpio WA Mozart i hana ai i kēia i kona noho ʻana ma Roma i XNUMX).
