Moolelo o ka mandolin

Nui nā ʻano mea kani like ʻole ma ka honua. He poʻe kamaʻāina ka nui o lākou, a he maʻalahi ko lākou ʻike ʻana ma ka inoa. No ka laʻana, he mandolin… Honi kēia huaʻōlelo i kekahi mea Italia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mandolin kahi mea kani i ʻoki ʻia i ke kaula, ʻano like me ka lute.ʻO ka mea mua o ka mandolin lute, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ma Italia, akā ma Mesopotamia kahiko i ka XNUMXth-XNUMXnd millennium BC. e. I ʻEulopa, ʻo ka mandolin, a i ʻole mandola, e like me ka mea i kapa ʻia i kēlā mau lā, ua ʻike ʻia i ke kenekulia XNUMX a ua lilo maoli i mea kani Italia. Ua like ka mea kani me ke kope paʻa o ka soprano lute, he ʻāʻī pololei a me nā kaula kila. Ua hīmeni nā naita i nā mele hoʻomaikaʻi a hoʻokani ma lalo o nā puka makani o kā lākou mau lede aloha! Ma ke ala, ua ola kēia kuʻuna a hiki i kēia lā.

Ua hiki mai ka lā nui o ka mea kani i ke kenekulia XNUMX, a pili pū me ka inoa o nā haku Italia a me nā mea hoʻokani pila o ka ʻohana Vinaccia. ʻAʻole lākou i hana i kā lākou iho ponoʻī o ka mea kani "Genoese mandolin", akā hele pū kekahi a puni ʻEulopa me ia, e hāʻawi ana i nā ʻaha mele a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka poʻe pehea e pāʻani ai. Ua kaulana ia ma ke kaiāulu kiʻekiʻe, hana ʻia nā kula, hoʻomaka ka mandolin e kani i nā orchestras, kākau ʻia nā mele no ia. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i lōʻihi ka kaulana o ka honua, me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā mea kani ʻē aʻe me kahi leo hoʻomālamalama i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻomaka e poina. I ka makahiki 1835, ua hoʻololi maoli ʻo Giuseppe Vinaccia i ke ʻano o ka mandolin Neapolitan. Hoʻonui i ke kino, hoʻolōʻihi i ka ʻāʻī, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā pegs lāʻau me kahi mīkini kūikawā e mālama pono i ka ʻāʻī o nā kaula. Ua lilo ka mea kani i ke kani a me ka melodic, ua loaʻa hou ka mahalo mai nā mea aloha mele maʻamau a me nā mea hoʻokani pila. No ka wā o ka romanticism, ʻike ʻia he mea kani maikaʻi loa i kūpono i loko o kekahi orkestra. Hele ka mandolin ma waho o Italia a me ʻEulopa a laha a puni ka honua: mai Australia a i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma USSR, no ka laʻana, hiki ke lohe ʻia kona kani ma nā ʻaha mele like ʻole a me kekahi mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni. I ke kenekulia 20, ma muli o ka puka ʻana mai o nā ʻano mele e like me ka jazz a me ka blues, ua ulu wale ka kaulana o ka mea kani.

I kēia mau lā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mandolin, ua hoʻohana ikaika ʻia i nā mele hou a hoʻohana ʻia ʻaʻole wale i nā ʻano maʻamau. aka, ma na aoao okoa loa. ʻO kekahi o nā mandolists kaulana loa ʻo ia ʻo Dave Apollo ʻAmelika, no Ukraine. ʻO ka ʻano mandolin kaulana loa i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka Neapolitan, akā naʻe, aia nā ʻano ʻē aʻe: Florentine, Milanese, Sicilian. Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia lākou e ka lōʻihi o ke kino a me ka helu o nā kaula. He 60 kenimika ka lōʻihi o ka mandolin. Hiki ke hoʻokani ʻia ma ka noho ʻana a me ke kū ʻana, akā ma ke ʻano laulā, ua like ke ʻano o ka pāʻani me ka hoʻokani pila. ʻO ka leo o ka mandolin he leo velvety a palupalu, akā i ka manawa like e mae koke. No nā poʻe aloha i nā mele uʻi, aia kahi mandolin uila.

ʻO ka mandolin he mea kani maʻalahi loa ke aʻo ʻana, akā ke aʻo ʻoe pehea e pāʻani ai, hiki iā ʻoe ke lilo i ʻuhane maoli o ka hui a kū i waho o nā mea ʻē aʻe!