Moolelo o ka trombone

Trombone – mea kani makani. Ua ʻike ʻia ma ʻEulopa mai ke kenekulia 15, ʻoiai i ka wā kahiko, ua hana ʻia kekahi mau paipu i hana ʻia me ke ʻano metala a me nā ʻano ʻōniʻoniʻo a pololei, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo lākou nā kūpuna lōʻihi o ka trombone. ʻO kahi laʻana, he pū ma ʻAsuria, nā paipu nui a me nā liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia i ke keleawe, ua hoʻohana ʻia e pāʻani ma Kina kahiko ma ke kahua a me nā hoʻouka kaua. Ma ka moʻomeheu kahiko, ʻike ʻia ka mea mua o ka mea kani. Ma Helene kahiko, ka salpinx, he pu metala pololei; ma Roma, ka tuba directa, he pu kapu me ka leo haahaa. I ka wā o ka ʻeli ʻana o Pompeii (e like me ka ʻike mōʻaukala, ua pau ka noho ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale Helene kahiko ma lalo o ka lehu o ka lua pele ʻo Vesuvius i ka makahiki 79 BC), ua loaʻa kekahi mau mea keleawe e like me ka trombone, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā paipu "nui" i loaʻa. i nā hihia, he mau waha gula a hoʻonani ʻia me nā pōhaku makamae. ʻO Trombone ʻo ia ka "pu kani nui" ma ka ʻōlelo Italia.

ʻO ka paipu rocker (sakbut) ka kupuna koke o ka trombone. Ma ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka paipu i hope a i waho, hiki i ka mea pāʻani ke hoʻololi i ka leo o ka ea i loko o ka mea kani, i hiki ai ke unuhi i nā leo i kapa ʻia ʻo ka chromatic scale. Ua like ke kani o ke kani me ka leo o ke kanaka, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mau paipu ma ka papa himeni o ka hale pule no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke kani a kapa ʻia nā leo haʻahaʻa.Mai kona hoʻomaka ʻana, ʻaʻole i loli nui ke ʻano o ka trombone. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka sakbut (ʻo ia hoʻi, he trombone) ma mua o kahi mea kani hou, me nā leo hoʻopaʻa inoa like ʻole (bass, tenor, soprano, alto). Ma muli o kona kani, hoʻomaka ʻia e hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā orkestra. I ka wā i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ai nā sacbuts a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, ua hoʻoikaika kēia i ka puka ʻana o ka trombone hou (mai ka huaʻōlelo Italia "Trombone" ma ka unuhi ʻana "pipa nui") i ʻike ʻia e mākou.

Nā ʻano trombones

ʻEkolu mau ʻano trombones ka nui o ka orchestras: alto, tenor, bass. I ke kani ʻana, ua loaʻa i ka manawa hoʻokahi kahi kala ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi, ua hoʻāla kēia i kahi hui me kahi mana supernatural, mana ikaika, he mea maʻamau ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou i nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o kahi hana opera. Ua kaulana ka trombone me Mozart, Beethoven, Gluck, Wagner, Tchaikovsky, Berlioz. Ua lilo ia i mahalo nui ʻia i ka nui o nā hui auwana a me nā orkestra o nā mea kani makani, e hāʻawi ana i nā hana ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika.

ʻO ke au o ka romanticism i huki i ka manaʻo i nā mea hiki ke hoʻokō i ka trombone e nā mea haku mele he nui. Ua'ōlelo lākou e pili ana i ka mea kani i hāʻawiʻia i kahi kani ikaika, hōʻike, hoʻokiʻekiʻe, hoʻomaka e hoʻohana pinepineʻia i nā kiʻi mele nui. I ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia 19, ua kaulana ka hoʻokani mele me ka trombone (ka mea kaulana trombonist soloists F. Belke, K. Queiser, M. Nabih, A. Dieppo, F. Cioffi). Ke hana ʻia nei kekahi helu nui o nā palapala ʻaha mele a me nā hana a nā haku mele.

I kēia mau lā, aia ka hoihoi hou i nā sacbuts (kahiko trombone) a me kona mau ʻano like ʻole i kaulana i ka wā kahiko.