Ildebrando Pizzetti |

ʻO Ildebrando Pizzetti

ʻO ka haku mele ʻItalia, ka mea alakaʻi, ka mea haku mele, ka haku mele a me ke kumu. He lālā o ka Italian Academy (mai ka makahiki 1939). Ua aʻo ʻo ia i kona wā kamaliʻi me kona makuakāne - ʻo Odoardo Pizzetti (1853-1926), he kumu aʻoaʻo piano a me nā kumuhana theoretical musical, ma 1895-1901 - ma ka Parma Conservatory me T. Riga (harmony, counterpoint) a me J. Tebaldini (composition). ). Mai 1901 ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi ma Parma, mai 1907 ʻo ia he kumu aʻoaʻo ma ka Parma Conservatory (papa o ka haku mele), mai 1908 - ma Florence Music Institute (ma 1917-24 kona alakaʻi). Mai ka makahiki 1910, ua kākau ʻo ia i nā ʻatikala no nā nūpepa Milanese. I ka makahiki 1914, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ka puke mele Dissonanza ma Florence. I ka makahiki 1923-1935 ka luna o ka Milan Conservatory. Mai ka makahiki 1936, ke po'o o ka 'oihana haku mele o ka National Academy "Santa Cecilia" ma Roma (i ka makahiki 1948-51 kona pelekikena).

ʻO nā hana a Pizzetti, ʻo nā mea koʻikoʻi loa he mau opera (ma ka nui o nā kumuhana kahiko a me ka medieval, e hōʻike ana i nā hakakā hoʻomana a me ka pono). No 50 makahiki, ua pili 'o ia me ka hale keaka "La Scala" (Milan), ka mea i ho'omaka mua i kona mau keaka a pau ('o Clytemnestra ka lanakila nui loa).

Ma nā hana a Pizzetti, ua hui pū ʻia nā ʻano hana operatic kahiko me nā ʻenehana o ka operatic dramaturgy o nā kenekulia 19 a me 20. Ua huliʻo ia i nā kuʻuna o ka mele o ka Italian Renaissance a me Baroque (nā māhele mele - ma keʻano o ka madrigal unuhiʻole), hoʻohana i nā mele o ke mele Gregorian. Ma ke ʻano o ke ʻano, ua kokoke loa kāna mau opera i nā keaka mele Wagnerian. ʻO ke kumu o ka pāʻani operatic a Pizzetti he manuahi, hoʻomau ʻole i ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia e nā ʻano mele i pani ʻia (ua hoʻomanaʻo kēia i ka "mele pau ʻole" a R. Wagner). Ma kāna mau keaka, ua hui pū ʻia ke oli leo me ka mele mele. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka metrorhythm a me ka leo o nā ʻāpana leo e nā ʻano o ka kikokikona, no laila e lanakila ke ʻano declamatory i nā ʻāpana. ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o kāna hana ʻo Pizzetti i pili me ke ʻano o ka neoclassicism.

Ua hoʻokani ʻia nā opera a Pizzetti ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa Komohana, a me ʻAmelika Hema.

Nā haku mele:

kahawai – Phaedra (1915, Milan), Deborah a me Jael (1922, Milan), Fra Gerardo (1928, Milan), Outlander (Lo straniero, 1930, Roma), Orseolo (1935, Florence), gula (Lʻoro, 1947, Milan), Bath Lupa (1949, Florence), Iphigenia (1951, Florence), Cagliostro (1953, Milan), ke kaikamahine a Yorio (La figlia di Jorio, na D'Annunzio, 1954, Naples), pepehi kanaka ma ka hale pule (Assassinio nella cattedrale , 1958, Milana), Slipper kālā (Il calzare d'argento, 1961); baleta – ʻO Gizanella (1959, Roma, he hui hoʻokani pila hoʻi mai nā mele no ka pāʻani na G. D'Annunzio, 1913), Venetian Rondo (Rondo Veneziano, 1931); no ka poe hookani solo, himeni a me ka orkestra - Epithalames i nā ʻōlelo a Catullus (1935); no ka hookani pila – symphonies (1914, 1940), overture to a tragic farce (1911), Summer Concerto (Concerto dell'estate, 1928), 3 symphonic preludes “Oedipus Rex” na Sophocles (1904), hula i “Aminta” na T. Tasso (1914); poʻe mele aku – ʻO Oedipus ma Colon (me ka hoʻokani pila, 1936), Requiem Mass (a cappella, 1922); no ka mea kani a me ka orkestra – Poem for violin (1914), concertos for piano (1933), cello (1934), violin (1944), harp (1960); lumi hoʻokani pila - sonata no ka violin (1919) a no cello (1921) me ka piano, piano trio (1925), 2 string quartets (1906, 1933); no ka piano – He mele a nā keiki (1906); no ka leo a me ka piano – 3 sonnets o Petrarch (1922), 3 poino sonnets (1944); mele no na hana keaka keaka, me na hana keaka a D'Annunzio, Sophocles, W. Shakespeare, K. Goldoni.

Nā hana moʻokalaleo: Ka mele a ka Helene, Roma, 1914; Nā mea mele i kēia manawa, Mil., 1914; Critical Intermezzi, Florence, (1921); Paganini, Turin, 1940; Mele a me ke keaka, (Roma, 1945); Mele Italia o ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāiwa, Turin, (1947).

E hoʻomaopopo ': Tеbаldini G., I. Pizzetti, Parma, (1931); Galli G., I. Pizzetti, (Mil., 1954); Damerini A., I. Pizzetti – ke kanaka a me ka mea pena, “The musical Landing”, 1966, (v.) 21.

LB Rimsky