ʻO Isaak Osipovich Dunaevsky (Isaak Dunaevsky) |

Isaac Dunaevsky

… Ua hoʻolaʻa au i kaʻu hana i ka wā ʻōpiopio. Hiki iaʻu ke ʻōlelo me ka hoʻonui ʻole i ka wā e kākau ai au i mele hou a i ʻole nā ​​mele ʻē aʻe, e kamaʻilio mau ana au i ko mākou mau ʻōpio. I. Dunayevsky

Ua hōʻike ʻia ke kālena nui a Dunayevsky i ka nui o nā ʻano "māmā". ʻO ia ka mea nāna i hana i kahi mele nui Soviet hou, nā mele jazz kumu, nā mele mele, ka operetta. Ua ʻimi ka mea haku mele e hoʻopiha i kēia mau ʻano e pili kokoke ana i ka ʻōpio me ka nani maoli, ka nani maʻalahi, a me ka ʻono kiʻekiʻe.

Nui loa ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina o Dunaevsky. Loaʻa iā ia he 14 operettas, 3 ballets, 2 cantatas, 80 choirs, 80 mau mele a me nā mele, mele no 88 hana keaka a me 42 kiʻiʻoniʻoni, 43 haku mele no nā ʻano like ʻole a me 12 no ka jazz orchestra, 17 melodeclamations, 52 symphonic a me 47 mau hana piano.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Dunayevsky ma ka ʻohana o kahi limahana. Hoʻokani ke mele iā ia mai ka wā kamaliʻi. Ua mālama pinepine ʻia nā ahiahi mele i hana ʻia ma ka hale o Dunaevsky, kahi, me ka hanu ʻana, aia pū kekahi ʻo ʻIsaaka. I nā lā Sābati, hoʻolohe mau ʻo ia i ka ʻaha mele ma ke kīhāpai o ke kūlanakauhale, a i kona hoʻi ʻana i ka home, ua ʻohi ʻo ia ma ka pepeiao ma ka piano i nā mele o nā marches a me nā waltzes āna i hoʻomanaʻo ai. ʻO kahi hoʻomaha maoli no ke keikikāne ke kipa ʻana i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, kahi i hana ʻia ai nā pāʻani Ukrainian a me Lūkini a me nā hui opera ma ka huakaʻi.

I ka makahiki 8, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Dunaevsky e aʻo e hoʻokani i ka violin. ʻO kāna mau kūleʻa he mea kupanaha loa ia i ka makahiki 1910 ua lilo ʻo ia i haumāna no ke Kharkov Musical College ma ka papa violin o Professor K. Gorsky, a laila ʻo I. Ahron, he violinist akamai, kumu a me ka haku mele. Ua aʻo pū ʻo Dunayevsky me Ahron ma ka Kharkov Conservatory, kahi i puka ai ʻo ia ma 1919. I kona mau makahiki conservatory, ua haku ʻo Dunayevsky i nā mea he nui. ʻO S. Bogatyrev kāna kumu haku mele.

Mai ka wā kamaliʻi, ua aloha nui ʻia i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ʻo Dunayevsky, me ka kānalua ʻole, hele mai i laila ma hope o kona puka ʻana mai ka conservatory. "Ua noʻonoʻo pono ʻia ʻo Sinelnikov Drama Theatre ka haʻaheo o Kharkov," a ʻo kāna alakaʻi kiʻi "kekahi o nā kiʻi kaulana loa i ka hale keaka Lūkini."

I ka wā mua, ua hana ʻo Dunaevsky ma ke ʻano he violinist-accompanist i loko o kahi orchestra, a laila ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi a, ma hope, ʻo ke poʻo o ka hapa mele o ka hale keaka. I ka manawa like, ua kākau ʻo ia i nā mele no nā hana hou a pau.

I ka makahiki 1924, ua neʻe ʻo Dunaevsky i Moscow, kahi i hana ai ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi mele o ka Hermitage variety theater no kekahi mau makahiki. I kēia manawa, kākau ʻo ia i kāna operettas mua: "ʻelua iā mākou a me kāu", "Grooms", "Knives", "Prime Minister's Career". Akā ʻo kēia wale nō nā ʻanuʻu mua. Ua ʻike ʻia nā haku mele maoli o ka haku mele ma hope.

Ua lilo ka makahiki 1929 i mea nui i ke ola o Dunayevsky. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia kahi manawa oʻo hou o kāna hana hoʻomohala, kahi i lawe mai iā ia i kaulana kaulana. Ua kono ʻia ʻo Dunayevsky e ka luna mele i ka Hale Mele Leningrad. "Me kona nani, akamai a me ka maʻalahi, me kāna ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe, ua lanakila ʻo ia i ke aloha ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hui hana holoʻokoʻa," i hoʻomanaʻo ai ka mea pena N. Cherkasov.

Ma ka Hale Mele Leningrad, hoʻokani mau ʻo L. Utyosov me kāna jazz. No laila, aia kahi hālāwai o ʻelua mau mea hoʻokani pila, i lilo i hoaaloha lōʻihi. Ua makemake koke ʻo Dunaevsky i ka jazz a hoʻomaka e kākau mele no ka hui ʻo Utyosov. Ua hana ʻo ia i nā rhapsodies ma nā mele kaulana o nā mea haku mele Soviet, ma Russian, Ukrainian, Jewish themes, jazz fantasy ma nā kumumanaʻo o kāna mau mele ponoʻī, etc.

Ua hana pinepine ʻo Dunayevsky lāua ʻo Utyosov. "Ua makemake au i kēia mau hālāwai," i kākau ai ʻo Utyosov. - "Ua hauʻoli nui wau iā Dunaevsky i ka hiki ke hāʻawi iā ia iho i ke mele, me ka ʻike ʻole i ka puni."

I nā makahiki 30 mua. Huli ʻo Dunayevsky i ke kiʻi mele. Lilo ʻo ia i mea hana i kahi ʻano hou - mele mele mele. ʻO kahi manawa hou a mālamalama i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke mele nui Soviet, i komo i ke ola mai ka pale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, pili pū me kona inoa.

I ka makahiki 1934, ua puka mai ke ki'i 'oni'oni "Merry Fellows" ma na pale o ka aina me ke mele a Dunaevsky. Ua hoʻokipa ʻia ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni e ka lehulehu lehulehu. ʻO "March of the Merry Guys" (Art. V. Lebedev-Kumach) hele maoli i ka ʻāina, hele a puni ka honua a lilo i hoʻokahi o nā mele ʻōpio honua mua o ko mākou manawa. Aʻo ka "Kakhovka" kaulana mai ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni "Three Comrades" (1935, art. M. Svetlova)! Ua hīmeni ʻia e ka poʻe ʻōpio i nā makahiki o ke kūkulu maluhia ʻana. Ua kaulana nō hoʻi i ka wā o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui. Ua lanakila pū ka mele o ka ʻāina makuahine mai ka kiʻi ʻoniʻoni Circus (1936, art by V. Lebedev-Kumach) ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa. Ua kākau pū ʻo Dunayevsky i nā mele maikaʻi loa no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻē aʻe: "Keiki a Kāpena Grant", "E ʻimi i ka hauʻoli", "Goalkeeper", "Rich Bride", "Volga-Volga", "Bright Path", "Kuban Cossacks".

Mahalo i ka hana no ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, haku mele kaulana, ʻaʻole i huli ʻo Dunaevsky i ka operetta no kekahi mau makahiki. Ua hoʻi ʻo ia i kāna ʻano punahele i ka hopena o nā makahiki he 30. he haku makua.

I ka wā o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui, ua alakaʻi ʻo Dunayevsky i ka hui mele a me ka hulahula o ka Central House of Culture of Railway Workers. Ma nā wahi a pau i hana ai kēia hui - ma ka moku Volga, ma Central Asia, ma ka Hikina Hikina, ma nā Urals a me Siberia, e hoʻoulu i ka ikaika i nā limahana mua o ka home, ka hilinaʻi i ka lanakila o ka Soviet Army ma luna o kaʻenemi. Ma ka manawa like, kākau ʻo Dunayevsky i nā mele wiwo ʻole a paʻakikī i loaʻa ka kaulana ma mua.

ʻO ka hope, ua kani nā salvos hope loa o ke kaua. Ua ho'ōla ka ʻāina i kona mau ʻeha. A ma ke Komohana, ua hou ka ʻala o ka pauda.

I loko o kēia mau makahiki, ua lilo ka paio no ka maluhia i ka pahuhopu nui o nā poʻe a pau o ka manaʻo maikaʻi. ʻO Dunayevsky, e like me nā mea pena kiʻi ʻē aʻe, ua komo ikaika i ka hakakā no ka maluhia. Ma ʻAukake 29, 1947, ua mālama ʻia kāna operetta "Free Wind" me ka lanakila nui ma ka Moscow Operetta Theatre. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ke kumuhana o ka paio no ka maluhia i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni palapala me nā mele a Dunaevsky "No ka maluhia mākou" (1951). He mele mele kupaianaha mai kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni, "Fly, doves," i kaulana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ua lilo ia i hōʻailona o ka VI World Youth Festival ma Moscow.

ʻO ka hana hope a Dunaevsky, ʻo ka operetta White Acacia (1955), he kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi loa ia o ka operetta lyrical Soviet. Me ka ʻoliʻoli nui o ka haku mele i kākau ai i kāna "swan song", ʻaʻole pono ʻo ia e "mele"! Ua kuʻi ka make iā ia ma waena o kāna hana. Ua hoʻopau ka haku mele ʻo K. Molchanov i ka operetta e like me nā kiʻi i waiho ʻia e Dunayevsky.

ʻO ka mua o "White Acacia" i mālama ʻia ma Nowemapa 15, 1955 ma Moscow. Ua hoʻokani ʻia e ka Odessa Theatre of Musical Comedy. "A he mea kaumaha ke noʻonoʻo," i kākau ai ka luna nui o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo I. Grinshpun, "ʻaʻole ʻo ʻIsaak Osipovich i ʻike i ka White Acacia ma ke kahua, ʻaʻole hiki ke lilo i mea hōʻike no ka hauʻoli āna i hāʻawi ai i nā mea keaka a me nā mea hoʻolohe. … Akā, he kanaka kiʻi ʻoliʻoli ʻo ia!

M. Komissarskaya

Nā haku mele:

baleta – Ke koena o kahi Faun (1924), ka ballet keiki Murzilka (1924), City (1924), Ballet Suite (1929); opereta – ʻO kā mākou a me kāu (1924, post. 1927, Moscow Theatre of Musical Buffoonery), Bridegrooms (1926, post. 1927, Moscow Operetta Theatre), Straw Hat (1927, Musical Theatre i kapa ʻia ma muli o VI Nemirovich-Danchenko, Moscow; 2nd edition 1938, Moscow Operetta Theatre), Na pahi (1928, Moscow Satire Theatre), Premiere Career (1929, Tashkent Operetta Theatre), Polar Growths (1929, Moscow Operetta Theatre), Million Torments (1932, ibid. ), Golden Valley (1938, ibid.; 2nd edition 1955, ibid.), Roads to Happiness (1941, Leningrad Theatre of Musical Comedy), Free Wind (1947, Moscow Operetta Theatre), Son of a Clown (inoa kumu . – The Flying Clown, 1960, ibid ), White Acacia (mea hoʻokani na G. Cherny, hoʻokomo i ka helu ballet "Palmushka" a me ke mele a Larisa i ka hana 3 i kākau ʻia e KB Molchanov ma nā kumuhana o Dunaevsky; 1955, ibid.); cantatas - E hele mai mākou (1945), Leningrad, aia mākou me ʻoe (1945); mele no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni - ʻO ka platoon mua (1933), ʻelua hānau (1934), nā kāne hauʻoli (1934), nā kukui gula (1934), ʻekolu mau hoa (1935), ʻO ke ala o ka moku (1935), Ke kaikamahine a ka Motherland (1936), Brother (1936), Circus (1936), He kaikamahine i ka wikiwiki i ka lā (1936), nā keiki a Kāpena Grant (1936), ʻimi i ka hauʻoli (1936), Fair Wind (me BM Bogdanov-Berezovsky, 1936), Beethoven Concerto (1937), Rich Bride (1937), Volga-Volga (1938), Bright way (1940), My love (1940), New house (1946), Spring (1947), Kuban Cossacks (1949), Stadium (1949) , 'aha mele a Mashenka (1949), No ka honua mākou (1951), Winged Defense (1953), Substitute (1954), Jolly Stars (1954), Test of Loyalty (1954); mau mele, incl. Far Path (lirics by EA Dolmatovsky, 1938), Heroes of Khasan (lyrics by VI Lebedev-Kumach, 1939), On the enemi, for the Motherland, forward (lyrics by Lebedev-Kumach, 1941), My Moscow (lyrics and Lisyansky a me S. Agranyan, 1942), Ka Mākaʻikaʻi Koa o ka poʻe hana kaʻaahi (lyrics by SA Vasiliev, 1944), hele au mai Berlin (lyrics by LI Oshanin, 1945), Mele e pili ana iā Moscow (lyrics by B. Vinnikov, 1946) , Ways -alanui (lirics by S. Ya. Alymov, 1947), He makuahine au kahiko no Rouen (lirics by G. Rublev, 1949), Mele o ka opio (lyrics by ML Matusovsky, 1951), School waltz (lyrics. Matusovsky , 1952), Waltz Evening (lirics by Matusovsky, 1953), Moscow Lights (lyrics by Matusovsky, 1954) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe; mele no na hana keaka, hōʻike lekiō; hō mele pop, incl. hale kūʻai mele mele (1932), etc.