ZKR ASO Saint Petersburg Philharmonic (Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra) |

Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra

Hoʻohanohano ʻia ʻo Rūsia ʻO ka Academic Symphony Orchestra of the St. Petersburg Philharmonic ka mea kahiko loa symphony orchestra ma Rusia. Hui hanohano o ka RSFSR (1934). Ua ho'okumu 'ia i ka makahiki 1882 ma St. Petersburg ma ke 'ano he 'aha mele mele 'o ka 'Aha (e 'ike i ka Aha Ho'okani); mai ka makahiki 1917 ka State Symphony Orchestra (i alakaʻi ʻia e SA Koussevitzky). I ka makahiki 1921, me ka ho'okumu 'ia 'ana o ka Petrograd (Leningrad) Philharmonic, ua lilo 'o ia i lālā o ia hui a lilo i hui nui o keia hui 'aha mele. I ka makahiki 1921-23, ua mālama ʻo EA Cooper (ma ia manawa ka luna o ka Philharmonic) i kāna hana.

Ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha mele philharmonic mua ma Iune 12, 1921 (ʻo ka papahana nā hana a PI Tchaikovsky: 6th symphony, violin concerto, symphonic fantasy "Francesca da Rimini"). ʻO nā alakaʻi alakaʻi nui o ka orchestra ʻo VV Berdyaev (1924-26), NA Malko (1926-29), AV Gauk (1930-34), F. Stidri (1934-37).

Mai ka makahiki 1938 a hiki i ka makahiki 1988, ua alakaʻi ʻia ka Leningrad Academic Symphony Orchestra e EA Mravinsky, nona nā hana e pili ana i ka ulu kiʻi o ka orchestra, a ua lilo ia i mea hoʻokani symphony papa mua o ka honua nui. I ka makahiki 1941-60, ua hana pū ka mea hoʻokele K. Sanderling me Mravinsky, a mai ka makahiki 1956 ʻo AK Jansons ka lua o ka alakaʻi. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o Yevgeny Mravinsky i ka makahiki 1988, ua koho ʻia ʻo Yuri Temirkanov i alakaʻi alakaʻi.

ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ke ʻano hana, ʻokoʻa i nā hopena o waho, ke ʻano like a me nā leo he nui o nā hui orchestral pākahi, ʻo ka hui hui virtuoso e hoʻokaʻawale i ka pāʻani ʻana o ka orchestra. Aia ka repertoire i nā mele kahiko a me nā mele o kēia manawa. Noho ʻia kahi wahi kūikawā e nā hana a L. Beethoven, PI Tchaikovsky, DD Shostakovich.

ʻO nā mea hoʻokani hale nui loa - ST Richter, EG Gilels, DF Oistrakh, LB Kogan a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui, nā alakaʻi alakaʻi haole kaulana - G. Abendroth, O. Klemperer, B. Walter, X. Knappertsbusch a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ka mea hoʻokani pila ʻo A. Schnabel, ka mea hoʻokani pila I. Szigeti a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Ua kaʻapuni pinepine ka hui mele i nā kūlanakauhale ma Rusia a ma waho (Austria, Great Britain, Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, Greece, Denmark, Spain, Italy, Canada, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, USA, Finland, France, Germany, Czechoslovakia , Kuikilana, Suedena, Yugoslavia, Iapana).