Gennady Rozhdestvensky |

ʻO Gennady Rozhdestvensky

ʻO Gennady Rozhdestvensky he kanaka'ālohilohi a me ke kālena ikaika, ka haʻaheo o ka moʻomeheu mele Lūkini. ʻO kēlā me kēia pae o ka hana hoʻomohala o ka mea hoʻokani mele kaulana honua he ʻāpana nui o ke ola moʻomeheu o ko mākou manawa, i manaʻo ʻia e lawelawe i ka Music, "ka misionari o ka lawe ʻana i ka nani" (ma kāna mau ʻōlelo ponoʻī).

Ua puka 'o Gennady Rozhdestvensky mai ka Moscow State Conservatory ma ka piano me Lev Oborin a ma ke alaka'i 'ana me kona makua kāne, 'o Nikolai Anosov, 'o ia ho'i, a me nā ha'awina postgraduate ma ka conservatory.

Nui nā ʻaoʻao ʻālohilohi o ka moʻolelo pilikino o Gennady Rozhdestvensky e pili ana me ka Bolshoi Theatre. ʻOiai he haumāna ʻo ia ma ka conservatory, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kāna hana mua me Tchaikovsky's The Sleeping Beauty (ua hana ka mea aʻo ʻōpio i ka hana holoʻokoʻa me ka ʻole o ka helu!). I ka makahiki 1951 hoʻokahi, ua hala ʻo ia i ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū, ua ʻae ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi ballet o ka Bolshoi Theatre a hana ma kēia ʻano a hiki i 1960. Ua alakaʻi ʻo Rozhdestvensky i nā ballets ʻO ka Punawai o Bakhchisaray, Swan Lake, Cinderella, The Tale of the Stone Flower a me nā hana ʻē aʻe o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ua komo i ka hana ʻana i ka ballet a R. Shchedrin The Little Humpbacked Horse (1960). I ka makahiki 1965-70. ʻO Gennady Rozhdestvensky ka alakaʻi alakaʻi nui o ka hale keaka Bolshoi. ʻO kāna papa hana keaka ma kahi o kanahā mau opera a me nā bale. Ua komo ka mea alakaʻi i nā hana a Khachaturian's Spartacus (1968), Bizet-Shchedrin's Carmen Suite (1967), Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker (1966) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe; no ka manawa mua ma ke kahua Lūkini i hoʻokumu i ka opera The Human Voice na Poulenc (1965), Britten's A Midsummer Night's Dream (1965). I ka makahiki 1978, ua hoʻi ʻo ia i ka Bolshoi Theatre ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi opera (a hiki i ka makahiki 1983), ua komo ʻo ia i ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau hana opera, ma waena o lākou ʻo Shostakovich's Katerina Izmailova (1980) a me Prokofiev's Betrothal in a Monastery (1982). I nā makahiki he nui ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 225 o ka Bolshoi Theatre, ua lilo ʻo Gennady Rozhdestvensky i luna hoʻokele kiʻi nui o ka Bolshoi Theatre (mai Kepakemapa a Iune 2000), i kēia manawa ua hoʻomohala ʻo ia i kekahi mau papahana manaʻo no ka hale keaka a hoʻomākaukau i ka ka honua mua o Prokofiev's The Gambler opera i loko o nā puke a ka mea kākau mua.

I ka makahiki 1950, ua kaulana ka inoa o Gennady Rozhdestvensky i nā po'e pā'ani mele symphonic. No ka ʻoi aku o ka hapalua haneli o ka hana hoʻomohala, ʻo maestro Rozhdestvensky ka mea alakaʻi o nā hui symphony kaulana a pau o Rūsia a me nā haole. I ka makahiki 1961-1974, ʻo ia ke alakaʻi alakaʻi nui a me ke alakaʻi noʻeau o ka BSO o Central Television a me All-Union Radio. Mai 1974 a 1985, ʻo G. Rozhdestvensky ka mea hoʻokani pila o ka Moscow Chamber Musical Theatre, kahi, me ke alakaʻi ʻo Boris Pokrovsky, ua hoʻōla hou ʻo ia i ka operas The Nose na DD Shostakovich a me The Rake's Progress na IF Stravinsky, i mālama ʻia i kekahi mau mea hoihoi. . I ka makahiki 1981, ua ho'okumu ke alaka'i i ka State Symphony Orchestra o ka USSR Ministry of Culture. He ʻumi makahiki o ke alakaʻi ʻana o kēia pūʻulu i ka manawa o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā papahana ʻaha mele kūʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka unuhi'ōlelo nui loa o nā mele o ke kenekulia 300, ua hoʻolaunaʻo Rozhdestvensky i ka lehulehu o Rusia i nā hana iʻikeʻoleʻia e A. Schoenberg, P. Hindemith, B. Bartok, B. Martin, O. Messiaen, D. Milhaud, A. Honegger; ʻo ka mea nui, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻo ia i Rusia i ka hoʻoilina o Stravinsky. Ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi, ua hana ʻia nā premieres o nā hana he nui e R. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, A. Eshpay, B. Tishchenko, G. Kancheli, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulinina, E. Denisov. He mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ka hāʻawi ʻana o ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻoilina o S. Prokofiev lāua ʻo D. Shostakovich. Ua lilo ʻo Gennady Rozhdestvensky i mea hoʻokani mua ma Rūsia a ma waho o nā hana he nui a Alfred Schnittke. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, e hoʻokani ana me nā mea hoʻokani pila nui o ka honua, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia ma luna o 150 mau ʻāpana no ka manawa mua ma Rūsia a ma luna o XNUMX no ka manawa mua ma ka honua. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo R. Shchedrin, A. Schnittke, S. Gubaidulina a me nā mea haku mele ʻē aʻe i kā lākou mau hana iā Rozhdestvensky.

Ma ka waena o 70s, ua lilo ʻo Gennady Rozhdestvensky i kekahi o nā alakaʻi i mahalo nui ʻia ma ʻEulopa. Mai 1974 a 1977 ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ka Stockholm Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra, ma hope i alakaʻi i ka BBC London Orchestra (1978-1981), ka Vienna Symphony Orchestra (1980-1982). Eia kekahi, i nā makahiki i hana pū ai ʻo Rozhdestvensky me ka Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, ka Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Amsterdam), ka Lākana, Chicago, Cleveland a me Tokyo Symphony Orchestras (hoʻohanohano a me ka alakaʻi o ka Yomiuri Orchestra) a me nā hui ʻē aʻe.

I ka huina, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Rozhdestvensky me nā mele mele like ʻole ma luna o 700 mau moʻolelo a me nā CD. Ua hoʻopaʻa ke alakaʻi i nā pōʻai o nā symphonies a pau e S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, G. Mahler, A. Glazunov, A. Bruckner, nā hana he nui a A. Schnittke ma nā papa. Ua loaʻa nā hōʻailona o ka mea hoʻopaʻa leo: ka Grand Prix o Le Chant Du Monde, kahi diploma mai ka Academy of Charles Cros ma Palisa (no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā symphonies a pau a Prokofiev, 1969).

ʻO Rozhdestvensky ka mea kākau o kekahi mau haku mele, ma waena o ia ka monumental oratorio "A Commandment to the Russian People" no ka mea heluhelu, soloists, choir and orchestra to the words of A. Remizov.

Hāʻawi ʻo Gennady Rozhdestvensky i ka manawa a me ka ikehu hana i ke aʻo ʻana. Mai ka makahiki 1974, ua aʻo ʻo ia ma ke Keʻena ʻOpera a me Symphony Conducting o ka Conservatory o Moscow, mai ka makahiki 1976 he kumu ʻo ia, mai 2001 ʻo ia ke poʻo o ke Keʻena ʻOpera a me Symphony Conducting. Ua lawe mai ʻo G. Rozhdestvensky i kahi galaxy o nā alakaʻi akamai, i waena o lākou ka People's Artists of Russia Valery Polyansky a me Vladimir Ponkin. Ua kākau a paʻi ka maestro i nā puke "The Conductor's Fingering", "Thoughts on Music" a me "Trianngles"; Aia ka puke "Preambles" i nā kikokikona wehewehe āna i hana ai i kāna mau ʻaha mele, e hoʻomaka ana mai 1974. Ma 2010, ua paʻi ʻia kāna puke hou, ʻo Mosaic.

ʻO nā lawelawe a GN Rozhdestvensky i ka hana kiʻi i hōʻailona ʻia e nā inoa hanohano: People's Artist of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate o ka makana Lenin. Gennady Rozhdestvensky - Luna Hoʻohanohano o ka Royal Swedish Academy, Honorary Academician o ka English Royal Academy of Music, polopeka. Ma waena o nā hōʻailona o ka mea hoʻokani pila: ʻo ka Bulgarian Order of Cyril and Methodius, ke Kepani Kepani o ka Rising Sun, ka Russian Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV, III a me II degere. I ka makahiki 2003, ua loa'a i ka Maestro ka inoa o ka Luna o ka Papa o ka Legion of Honor o Farani.

ʻO Gennady Rozhdestvensky he mea hoʻokani mele a me ka mea hoʻokani pila, piano, kumu, haku mele, mea kākau o nā puke a me nā ʻatikala, he mea ʻōlelo maikaʻi loa, mea noiʻi, hoʻihoʻi i nā helu he nui, connoisseur o ke kiʻi, connoisseur o ka palapala, passionate collector, erudite. ʻO ka "polyphony" o ka makemake o ka Maestro i hōʻike piha iā ia iho ma ke ʻano "kuhikuhi" o kāna mau papahana kau inoa makahiki me ka State Academic Symphony Choir o Rusia, i mālama ʻia e ka Moscow Philharmonic no nā makahiki he 10.

Source: Moscow Philharmonic pūnaewele