Konstantin Solomonovich Sarajev (Sarajjev, Konstantin) |
Sarajev, Konstantin
People's Artist of the Armenian SSR (1945). Hoʻokomo ka hana a Saradzhev, me he mea lā, ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka moʻomeheu mele Soviet me nā mele Lūkini. Hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano hoʻomohala o ka mea hoʻokani mele ʻōpio ma Moscow Conservatory ma lalo o ka mana maikaʻi o kāna mau kumu - S. Taneyev, I. Grzhimali, V. Safonov, N. Kashkin, G. Konyus, M. Ippolitov-Ivanov. Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ka conservatory i ka makahiki 1898, ua ho'omaka 'o Saradzhev e ho'okani 'aha mele kū'oko'a ma ke 'ano he violinist. Ua hele ʻo ia i Prague e hoʻomaikaʻi me ka mea hoʻokani pila kaulana ʻo O. Shevchik. Eia naʻe, i kēlā mau makahiki, ua moe ʻo ia e lilo i alakaʻi. Ma 1904, hele ʻo Saradzhev i Leipzig e aʻo me A. Nikish. Ua mahalo nui ke alaka'i ko'iko'i i nā hiki o kāna haumāna, i hele mai mai Rusia mai. Ua kākau ʻo Polofesa G. Tigranov: "Ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Nikish Saradzhev i hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano alakaʻi maikaʻi loa - ʻo ia ka hōʻike ʻana, akaka a me ka plastically akaka, ʻo ia ka hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka orchestra i kāna mau pahuhopu kiʻi. kona ʻano hana ponoʻī.
I kona hoʻi ʻana i Moscow, ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo Saradzhev iā ia iho me ka ikaika kupaianaha i nā hana mele maʻamau, e hoʻomaka ana i kāna ʻoihana alakaʻi i ka makahiki 1908 a me ka haku ʻana i nā helu paʻakikī me ka wikiwiki kūʻokoʻa. No laila, e like me G. Konyus, i loko o nā mahina ʻehā o 1910 ua alakaʻi ʻo Saradzhev i 31 mau mele. Aia nā papahana ma kahi o 50 mau hana orchestral nui a me 75 mau mea liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa like, kani ka nui o lākou no ka manawa mua. Ua hōʻike ʻo Saradzhev i nā hana hou e Debussy, Stravinsky, Prokofiev, Ravel, Myaskovsky a me nā mea kākau ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka poʻe hoʻolohe Lūkini. ʻO ka "Evenings of Contemporary Music", i hoʻokumu ʻia e ia me ka mea hoʻokani mele ʻo V. Derzhanovsky, i hana nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ola moʻomeheu o Moscow. Ma ka manawa like, ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i nā hana opera ma ka Hale o Sergiev-Alekseevsky People, e hana ana i nā hana hoihoi o Tchaikovsky's Cherevichek, Ippolitov-Ivanov's Treason, Rachmaninoff's Aleko, Mozart's Marriage of Figaro, a me Massenet's Werther. Ua kākau ʻo Konyus i kēlā "ma ke kanaka ʻo Saradzhev, ua luhi ʻo Moscow i ka unuhi ʻōlelo a me ka haʻi ʻōlelo no nā hana mele. ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāna talena i ke aʻo ʻana ʻaʻole wale i nā mea hana i ʻike ʻia, akā e like me nā mea i hana ʻia e kali ana i ka ʻike ʻia, no laila ke hāʻawi nei ʻo Saradzhev i kahi lawelawe koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomohala home ponoʻī.
I ka hoʻokipa ʻana i ka Great October Revolution, ua hauʻoli ʻo Saradzhev i kona ikaika i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi moʻomeheu Soviet ʻōpio. Ke hoʻomau nei i kāna mau hana ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi ma nā kūlanakauhale like ʻole o ka USSR (nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma Saratov, Rostov-on-Don), ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea pena mua o ko mākou ʻāina i hoʻokō kūleʻa i nā ʻāina ʻē a hoʻolaha i nā mele Soviet ma laila. Ke aʻo nei ʻo Sarajev i nā kula hoʻonaʻauao, hoʻonohonoho i nā hui mele a me nā orchestras, ʻoihana a me ka amateur. ʻO kēia mau hana a pau i hoʻohauʻoli nui iā Saradzhev, ka mea, e like me B. Khaikin, "he mea hoʻokani pila o ke alakaʻi democratic." Ma kāna hana, ua wehe ʻia kahi keʻena alakaʻi ma ka Conservatory o Moscow. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ke kula alakaʻi Soviet ka mea nui o Saradzhev. Ua lawe mai ʻo ia i kahi galaxy o nā mea hoʻokani mele ʻōpio, me B. Khaikin, M. Paverman, L. Ginzburg, S. Gorchakov, G. Budagyan a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Mai ka makahiki 1935, noho ʻo Sarajev ma Yerevan a hāʻawi nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka moʻomeheu mele Armenian. ʻO ke poʻo a me ke alakaʻi nui o ka Yerevan Opera and Ballet Theatre (1935-1940), i ka manawa like ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hoʻonohonoho a laila hoʻokele noʻeau o ka Armenian Philharmonic; mai ka makahiki 1936, he mea hoʻokani pila hanohano - ka luna o ka Yerevan Conservatory. A ma nā wahi a pau i waiho ai ka hana a Saradzhev i kahi hōʻailona indelible a hua.
Lit.: KS Saradzhev. ʻatikala, hoʻomanaʻo, M., 1962.
L. Grigoriev, J. Platek
