ʻO nā puʻupuʻu kūlohelohe |
He huaʻōlelo e hōʻike ana i kahi hui o 7-step strictly diatonic. nā ʻano (e ʻike i ka Diatonic) e kūʻē i nā ʻano, me nā hoʻololi o ka mea nui. ʻanuʻu, chromatisms, hoʻololi (no ka laʻana, ka mea liʻiliʻi maoli e kūʻē i ka harmonic). Ma lalo o N. l. ʻo ia hoʻi nā frets pili o Nar. ʻEulopa a ma waho o ʻEulopa. mele, frets middle-century. monody, Lūkini ʻē aʻe. mele hoʻomana, nā haʻalulu diatonic ma ʻEulopa Komohana. a me nā mele Lūkini o ka manawa hou (17-19 mau kenekulia) a i kēia manawa. mele. ʻO kēia nā ʻano (piha a piha ʻole) o ka Aeolian (mea liʻiliʻi maoli), Ionian (mea nui kūlohelohe), Dorian, Mixolydian, Phrygian, Lydian, diatonic variables (me ka mālama ʻana i ka laulā nui, no ka laʻana, ma ke mele "The hele ka pēpē ma ka nahele" mai ka hōʻiliʻili N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov), a me ka Lokrian loa loa; ia N. l. e hoʻokomo i ka anhemitone pentatonic o nā ʻano āpau. Papahana maʻamau N. l. (e like me ka IV Sposobin):
N. l. loaʻa nā kala like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ʻo Dorian - me kahi kala liʻiliʻi i hoʻomālamalama ʻia, Lydian - me kahi kī nui i hoʻonui ʻia, etc. I ke mele o nā kenekulia 19-20. nā haku mele (E. Grieg, MP Mussorgsky, NA Rimsky-Korsakov, IF Stravinsky, B. Bartok, C. Debussy, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) hoʻohana pinepine iā N. l. i nā leo kalakala. No laila, ʻo kekahi o nā hihia o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā N. l. ma ke ʻano he hōʻike kūikawā. 'o ia ho'i - ma ka opera "The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden Fevronia" na Rimsky-Korsakov: juxtaposition o N. l. a me nā mele chromatic i piha i nā hoʻololi e hōʻike i ka ʻokoʻa o ka maʻalahi, maʻalahi, kūlohelohe. nā haʻiʻōlelo o Fevronia a me nā huaʻōlelo paʻa ʻole, hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻomaha ʻole a Grishka Kuterma.
NA Rimsky-Korsakov. "Ka Moʻolelo o ke kūlanakauhale ʻike ʻole o Kitezh a me ke kaikamahine Fevronia", Act IV.
Eia naʻe, ʻo ka manaʻo o N. l. ma ke ano. ana kūlana. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "kūlohelohe" (ma ka manaʻo nui - "kūlohelohe", "kūlike me ke ʻano") ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ia ka "hāʻawi ʻia e ke ʻano" (cf. kū'ē: "kūlohelohe" a me ka "mea hana" flageolets). Ma N. l. ʻO ka diatonicism he kūlohelohe ia, i hoʻomaopopo ʻia he kumu kumu kumu. No laila ka ʻokoʻa ma ʻEulopa. liʻiliʻi ma waena o ka "kūlohelohe", ka unahi kumu, i hōʻike ʻia e nā hōʻailona kī normative, a me ka semitone hoʻokomo "artificial", hoʻohana ʻia me ka ʻōnaehana, akā ʻaʻole like i nā kuleana me nā leo o N. l. Akā ʻo kēlā ʻano like ʻole he kūpono no ʻEulopa wale nō. moʻomeheu mele; ʻO nā frets hikina i hoʻonui ʻia ma ke ʻano he "kūlohelohe," ʻo ia hoʻi, kūlohelohe, e like me nā ʻano mele a pau o ka mele kahiko (ma nā ʻano kuʻuna, kūlohelohe nā mea āpau, ʻo ke kumu wale nō nā mea āpau, ʻaʻohe papa ma luna). (E nana i ke mele Inia.) Mai keia manao, he mea hiki ole ke hookui ia N. l., no ka la'ana, ke ano o kela la i keia la (GAHcdefgab-c1-d1), kahi o na leo i hoemiia ai ka octave (Hb). he like maoli nō (e nānā, no ka laʻana, ka 3rd solo o ke kākau ʻōlelo mai ka hana 2 o Rimsky-Korsakov's opera The Night Before Christmas), a me ka "spread out chromatism" (AD Kastalsky's term) ma Lūkini. nar. mele. No laila ka hiki ke hoʻomaopopo a me kēia manawa. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana 12-step ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole pili me ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā kani o ka ʻōnaehana 7-step. "ʻO ke aʻo ʻana i nā mele a ka poʻe mahiʻai ... ua alakaʻi iaʻu ... i ka hoʻokuʻu wale ʻana i kēlā me kēia leo o kā mākou ʻōnaehana chromatic ʻumikūmālua-leo," i kākau ai ʻo B. Bartok. Eia naʻe, hewa ke kapa ʻana i kēia ʻōnaehana 12-step diatonic, no ka mea, e kūʻē kēia i ke ʻano o ka huaʻōlelo "diatonic".
E hoʻomaopopo ': ʻO Catuar GL, ʻO ke kumu o ka lokahi, ʻāpana 1-2, M., 1924-25; Bartok B. Autobiography. "Modern Music", No 7, 1925; Gadzhibekov U., Fundamentals of Azerbaijani folk music, Baku, 1945, 1957; Kushnarev XS Nā nīnau o ka mōʻaukala a me ke kumumanaʻo o nā mele monodic Armenian, L., 1958; Belyaev VM, Essays on the history of music of the people of the USSR, vol. 1-2, M., 1962-63; Verkov VO, Harmony, māhele 1-3, M., 1962-1966, 1970; Sposobin IV, Nā haʻi'ōlelo ma ke ala o ka lokahi, M., 1969; ʻO Tyulin Yu. N., Nā ʻano kūlohelohe a me nā ʻano hoʻololi, M., 1971; Yusfin AG, ʻO kekahi mau nīnau no ke aʻo ʻana i nā ʻano melodic o nā mele folk, i ka hōʻiliʻili: Problems of mode, M., 1972.
ʻO Yu. N. Kholopov
