Romanesque |
ital. romanesca
ʻO ka inoa o nā mea maʻamau ma Zap. ʻEulopa 17-18 mau kenekulia. instr. nā pāʻani hula, nā pōʻai like ʻole, a me nā Arias a me nā mele me ka instr. accompaniment, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma kekahi melodic-harmonic. he kumu hoʻohālike e pili ana i ka folia a me ka passamezzo kahiko (passamezzo antico).
ʻAʻole maopopo loa ka etymology o ka inoa a me ke kumu o R. Me he mea lā, no Italia a i Sepania paha; no laila, ua unuhi ʻia ka inoa ma ke ʻano he synonym no ka wehewehe ʻana "ma ke ʻano Roma" (alla maniera Romana) a i ʻole mai ka Spanish. aloha aloha.
He nui ka puke kuʻikahi F. Salinas "De Musica" (1577). nā laʻana o nā mele mele R. – ma ke ʻano o ka Pukiki. folia, pili i ka Italia. galliarde, spanish villancico, pavane, etc., i hana pinepine ia e prof. haku mele. I ka decomp. Loaʻa iā R. melodies nā hiʻohiʻona pākahi e pili ana i ka rhythmic. ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka holomua stepwise ma lalo o lākou i ka leo o ka kuata, ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā leo chord ʻole, nā mea hoʻonani, a pēlā aku. ʻO kekahi o nā haʻalele mua mai kēia ʻo Monteverdi duet "Ohimi dovʻi il mio ben" i ka concerto mai ka puke 7th o madrigals (1619).
ʻOi aku ka paʻa o ke kiʻi bass (lele i ka hā), e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano nui. hoʻokaʻawale. he hoailona o R.; akā naʻe, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 17 a ua hoʻopiha pinepine ʻia nā neʻe bass quart i nā leo waena. Muses. Ua hoʻokumu mua ʻia ke ʻano o R. ma mua o kona inoa; Ma mua, ua hana ʻia nā pāʻani kokoke iā R. ma lalo o nā inoa ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻāpana mua loa i kapa ʻia ʻo "R." he mau hula no ka lute (A. de Becchi, 1568). I kinohi. ʻO ke kenekulia 17 ka mea maʻamau ʻo R. no ka hīmeni ʻana me ka bass maʻamau, no ka cithara (J. Frescobaldi, nā hōʻiliʻili o 1615, 1630 a me 1634), ma ka papahele ʻelua. Keneturi 2 – no nā mea kani (B. Storace, 17). Ma nā kenekulia 1664 a me 19 ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hoʻololi o nā mele kahiko e JD Alar (no ka violin a me ka pianoforte) a me AK Glazunov (r. mai ka ballet Raymonda).
E hoʻomaopopo ': Riеmann H., ʻO ka "Basso ostinato" a me ka hoʻomaka o ka cantata, "SIMG", 1911/12, makahiki 13; Nettl R., Elua mau kumuhana ostinato Paniolo, «ZfMw», 1918/19, vol. 1, pp. 694-98; Gombosi О., Italia: patria del basso ostinato, «Rass. mus.», 1934, v. 7; Hоrsley J., The 16th-century variation, «JAMS», 1959, v. 12, p. 118-32.
