Fikret Amirov |

Fikret Amirov

Ua ʻike au i kahi pūnāwai. Maʻemaʻe a hou, me ka ʻōhumu leo ​​nui, holo ʻo ia ma kāna kula ʻōiwi. ʻO nā mele a Amirov e hanu i ka hou a me ka maʻemaʻe. Ua ʻike au i kahi lāʻau mokulele. E ulu ana nā aʻa i loko o ka honua, ua piʻi kiʻekiʻe ʻo ia i ka lani me kona lei aliʻi. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia lāʻau plane ke ʻano o Fikret Amirov, ka mea i piʻi pololei ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke aʻa i kona ʻāina hānau. Nabi Hazri

ʻO ka mele a F. Amirov he mea hoʻohiwahiwa a me ka nani. ʻO ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina o ka mea haku mele he laulā a he lehulehu, pili pū me nā mele moʻomeheu Azerbaijani a me ka moʻomeheu aupuni. ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o ka ʻōlelo mele a Amirov ʻo ia ke mele: "He makana mele ʻo Fikret Amirov," i kākau ai ʻo D. Shostakovich. "ʻO Melody ka ʻuhane o kāna hana."

Ua hoʻopuni ʻia ʻo Amirov mai ka wā kamaliʻi mai ke ʻano o ka mele mele. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma ka ʻohana o ka tarksta kaulana a me ka peztsakhanende (mea hoʻokani mugham) ʻo Mashadi Jamil Amirov. "ʻO Shusha, kahi i hele mai ai koʻu makuakāne, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka conservatory o Transcaucasia," i hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻo Amirov. “… Na koʻu makuakāne i hōʻike mai iaʻu i ka honua o nā leo a me ka mea huna o nā mughams. I koʻu wā kamaliʻi, makemake au e hoʻohālike i kāna pāʻani pila. I kekahi manawa ua maikaʻi wau a lawe mai i ka hauʻoli nui. ʻO kahi hana nui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea haku mele o Amirov i hoʻokani ʻia e nā kukui o ke mele Azerbaijani - ka mea haku mele ʻo U. Gadzhibekov a me ka mea mele Bul-Bul. I ka makahiki 1949, puka 'o Amirov mai ka Conservatory, kahi i a'o ai i ka haku mele ma ka papa o B. Zeidman. I loko o nā makahiki o ke aʻo ʻana ma ka conservatory, ua hana ka mea haku mele ʻōpio i loko o ka lumi papa mele mele (NIKMUZ), me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka moʻolelo a me ke akamai o ka mugham. I kēia manawa, hoʻokumu ʻia ka manaʻo paʻa o ka mea hoʻokani pila i nā kumu hoʻokumu o U. Gadzhibekov, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i nā mele ʻoihana Azerbaijani a, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka opera aupuni. "Ua kapa ʻia wau ʻo kekahi o nā mea pani o ka hana a Uzeyir Gadzhibekov, a haʻaheo wau i kēia," i kākau ai ʻo Amirov. Ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia kēia mau ʻōlelo e ka poem "Dedication to Uzeyir Gadzhibekov" (no ka hui pū ʻana o nā violins a me nā cellos me ka piano, 1949). Ma lalo o ka mana o Gadzhibekov operettas (ma waena o Arshin Mal Alan i kaulana loa), ua manaʻo ʻo Amirov e kākau i kāna mele mele mele ʻo The Thieves of Hearts (i kau ʻia ma 1943). Ua hele ka hana ma lalo o ke alakaʻi a U. Gadzhibekov. Ua kōkua pū ʻo ia i ka hana ʻana o kēia hana ma ka State Theatre of Musical Comedy, i wehe ʻia i kēlā mau makahiki kaua paʻakikī. Ua kākau ʻo Amirov i kahi mele mele ʻelua - Good News (hoʻopuka ʻia ma 1946). I loko o kēia manawa, ua puka pū ʻia ka opera "Uldiz" ("Star", 1948), ka mele symphonic "In Memory of the Heroes of the Great Patriotic War" (1943), ka Concerto pālua no ka violin a me ka piano a me ka orchestra (1946). . I ka makahiki 1947, ua kākau ka mea haku mele i ka symphony Nizami, ka symphony mua no ka string orchestra ma ke mele ʻo Azerbaijani. A ʻo ka hope loa, i ka makahiki 1948, ua hana ʻo Amirov i kāna mau symphonic mughams kaulana "Shur" a me "Kurd-ovshary", e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano hou, ʻo ke kumu o ia ka synthesis o nā kuʻuna o nā mele mele a Azerbaijani-khanende me nā kumu o nā mele symphonic ʻEulopa. .

"ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā symphonic mughams "Shur" a me "Kurd-ovshary" ka hana a Bul-Bul," wahi a Amirov, ʻo Bul-Bul "ʻo ia ka mea hilinaʻi pili loa, kākāʻōlelo a me ke kōkua o nā hana aʻu i kākau ai i kēia manawa." Hoʻokumu nā haku ʻelua i kahi diptych, kūʻokoʻa a i ka manawa like e pili ana kekahi i kekahi ma ke ʻano o ka ʻohana modal a me ka intonation, ke alo o nā pilina melodic a me kahi leitmotif hoʻokahi. ʻO ka hana nui i ka diptych no ka mugham Shur. Ua lilo nā hana ʻelua i hanana koʻikoʻi i ke ola mele o Azerbaijan. Ua loaʻa iā lākou ka ʻike honua maoli a ua kau i ke kumu no ka puka ʻana o nā symphonic maqoms ma Tajikistan a me Uzbekistan.

Ua hōʻike ʻo Amirov iā ia iho he mea hana hou i ka opera Sevil (post. 1953), i kākau ʻia ma muli o ke keaka o ka inoa like e J. Jabarly, ka opera lyric-psychological mua. "Maʻa iaʻu ka pāʻani o J. Jabarly mai ke kula," i kākau ai ʻo Amirov. "I nā makahiki mua o 30, i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Ganj, pono wau e hoʻokani i ke ʻano o ke keiki a Sevil, ʻo Gunduz liʻiliʻi. ... Ua ho'āʻo wau e mālama i kaʻu opera i ka manaʻo nui o ka pāʻani - ka manaʻo o ka hakakā ʻana o ka wahine o ka Hikina no kāna mau pono kanaka, nā ʻeha o ka hakakā ʻana o ka moʻomeheu proletarian hou me ka bourgeois bourgeoisie. Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka haku mele, ʻaʻole i haʻalele iaʻu ka manaʻo o nā mea like ma waena o nā poʻe koa o ka hana keaka a J. Jabarly a me Tchaikovsky. Ua kokoke ʻo Sevil lāua ʻo Tatiana, ʻo Balash lāua ʻo Herman i loko o ko lāua hale waihona kālā. Ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ka haku mele aupuni o Azerbaijan Samad Vurgun i ke ʻano o ka opera: "…" Seville "ua waiwai i nā mele hoʻokalakupua i huki ʻia mai ka waihona waiwai ʻole o ka mugham art a me ke akamai i ka opera."

He wahi koʻikoʻi i ka hana a Amirov i nā makahiki 50-60. Noho ʻia e nā hana no ka ʻaha mele symphony: ʻo ka hui ʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni ʻo "Azerbaijan" (1950), "Azerbaijan Capriccio" (1961), "Symphonic Dances" (1963), i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā melos aupuni. ʻO ka laina o nā symphonic mughams "Shur" a me "Kurd-ovshary" ma hope o 20 mau makahiki e hoʻomauʻia e ke kolu o ka symphonic mugham o Amirov - "Gulustan Bayaty-shiraz" (1968), i hoʻouluʻia e ka mele o nā haku mele nuiʻelua o ka Hikina - Hafiz a me Behind . I ka makahiki 1964, ua hana ka mea haku mele i ka puke lua o ka symphony no ka string orchestra "Nizami". (ʻO ka poetry o ka mea haku mele Azerbaijani nui a me ka mea noʻonoʻo i hoʻoikaika iā ia e hana i ka ballet "Nizami".) Ma ka manawa o ka 600th anniversary o kekahi haku mele Azerbaijani koʻikoʻi, ʻo Nasimi, kākau ʻo Amirov i kahi mele choreographic no ka ʻaha mele symphony, ka hīmeni wahine. tenor, reciters and ballet troupe "The Legend of Nasimi", a ma hope mai e hana i ka orchestral version of this ballet.

ʻO kahi kiʻekiʻe hou o ka hana a Amirov ʻo ia ka ballet "A Thousand and One Nights" (post. 1979) - he extravaganza choreographic waihoʻoluʻu, me he mea lā e hoʻomālamalama ana i ke kilokilo o nā moʻolelo fairy Arab. "Ma ke kono a ka Ministry of Culture of Iraq, ua kipa au i kēia ʻāina me N. Nazarova" (choreographer-director of the ballet. - NA). Ua ho'āʻo wau e komo hohonu i loko o ka moʻomeheu mele o ka poʻe Arab, kona plasticity, ka nani o nā mele mele, aʻo i nā monuments mōʻaukala a me ka hoʻolālā. Ua alo au i ka hana o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lāhui a me ke ao holoʻokoʻa…” i kākau ai ʻo Amirov. ʻO ka helu o ka ballet he kala ʻulaʻula, ma muli o ka pāʻani ʻana i nā timbres e hoʻohālike ana i ke kani o nā mea kani. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka pahu pahu, lawe lākou i kahi haʻahaʻa semantic koʻikoʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻo Amirov i kahi kala timbre ʻē aʻe i ka helu - he leo (soprano) e hīmeni ana i ke kumumanaʻo o ke aloha a lilo i hōʻailona o ka loina etika.

Ua komo ikaika ʻo Amirov, me ka haku mele, i nā hana mele a me ka pilikanaka. ʻO ia ke kākau ʻōlelo o nā papa o ka Union of Composers o ka USSR a me ka Union of Composers of Azerbaijan, ka luna hoʻomalu o ka Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Society (1947), ka luna o ka Azerbaijan Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre i kapa ʻia ma hope. MF Akhundova (1956-59). "Ua moeʻuhane mau wau a ke moeʻuhane nei au e loheʻia nā mele Azerbaijani ma nā kihi a pau o ka honua ... Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hoʻokolokolo nā kānaka iā lākou iho ma ke mele o ka poʻe! A inā ma ka liʻiliʻi loa ua hiki iaʻu ke hoʻokō i kaʻu moeʻuhane, ka moeʻuhane o koʻu ola holoʻokoʻa, a laila hauʻoli wau, "i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Fikret Amirov i kāna manaʻo hana.

N. Aleksenko