François-André Philidor |

Francois-Andre Philidor

Ma ke aloaliʻi o ka mōʻī Farani ʻo Louis XIII, ua lawelawe ka oboist kupanaha ʻo Michel Danican Philidor, nona ka ʻohana Farani o Couperin. I kekahi lā, pono ʻo ia e hele mai i ka hale aliʻi e komo i ka ʻaha mele aʻe no ka mōʻī e kali nei iā ia. I ka hōʻea ʻana o ka mea hoʻokani pila i ka hale aliʻi, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Louis: "I ka hopena, ua hoʻi mai ʻo Philidor!" Mai ia manawa mai, ua hoʻomaka ka inoa o ka hale aliʻi ʻo Philidor. ʻO ia ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i kahi moʻokūʻauhau kūʻokoʻa o nā mea hoʻokani pila Farani.

ʻO ka ʻelele kaulana loa o kēia ʻohana aliʻi ʻo Francois André Philidor.

Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma Sepatemaba 7, 1726 ma ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi o Dreux, ma waena o Farani. Ua loaʻa iā ia kāna hoʻonaʻauao mele ma ke kula Imperial o Versailles, e aʻo ana ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Campra. Ma hope o kona hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻana i kāna hoʻonaʻauao ʻana, ʻaʻole naʻe ʻo ia i loaʻa ka inoa ma ke ʻano he mea pena kiʻi a me ka mea hoʻokani pila. Akā ma ʻaneʻi i hōʻike ʻia ai kahi talena kānalua ʻole o Philidor iā ia iho me ka ikaika piha, i kaulana ai kona inoa a puni ka honua! Mai ka makahiki 1745, ua huakaʻi ʻo ia ma Kelemania, Holani a me ʻEnelani a ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka mea pāʻani chess mua, ka poʻokela honua. Lilo ʻo ia i mea pāʻani chess ʻoihana. I ka makahiki 1749, ua paʻi ʻia kāna puke Chess Analysis ma Lākana. ʻO kahi haʻawina kupaianaha, ʻoiai he mea ʻē paha, pili ia i kēia lā. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ola nona iho, ʻaʻole wikiwiki ʻo Philidor e holomua me kāna talena mele a i ka makahiki 1754 wale nō i hoʻolaha ai i kona hoʻi ʻana i ka mele me ka motet "Lauda Ierusalema", i kākau ʻia no ka hale pule ʻo Versailles.

Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia ma ʻaneʻi i ka makahiki 1744, ma mua o ka epic chess ma hope, ua komo ʻo Philidor, me Jean Jacques Rousseau, i ka hana ʻana i ka ballet heroic "Le Muses galantes". ʻO ia ka manawa i huli mua ai ka haku mele i ke kākau mele no ka hale keaka.

I kēia manawa ua lilo ʻo Philidor i mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ke ʻano mele mele a me ke keaka Farani - ka opera comic (opera comigue). ʻO ka mua o kāna mau mele mele he nui, ʻo Blaise the Shoemaker, i hoʻokani ʻia ma Paris i ka makahiki 1759. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hana keaka i hana ʻia ma Paris. ʻO ke mele a Philidor he mea keaka loa a hoʻokomo pono i nā huli a pau o ke kahua hana a hōʻike ʻaʻole wale i ka comedic, akā i nā kūlana lyrical.

He lanakila nui na hana a Felidor. No ka manawa mua ma Paris, (a laila ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia), ua kāhea ʻia ka haku mele i ke kahua no ka paʻi ʻana. Ua hana kēia ma hope o ka hana ʻana o kāna opera "The Sorcerer". No nā makahiki he ʻumi, mai ka makahiki 1764, ua kaulana nā opera a Philidor ma Rusia pū kekahi. Ua hoʻokani ʻia lākou i nā manawa he nui ma St. Petersburg a ma Moscow.

Hāʻawi ʻia me nā mana noʻonoʻo maikaʻi, ua hoʻokō ʻo Philidor e hoʻohui i kāna mau hana i ka paʻa ʻenehana o nā haku mele Kelemania me ka melodiousness o nā Italia, me ka nalowale ʻole o ka ʻuhane aupuni, mahalo i kāna mau mele i hana nui ai. I loko o 26 makahiki, ua kākau ʻo ia i 33 mau mele mele; ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa o lākou: "Le jardiniere et son Seigneur", "Le Marechal ferrant", "Le Sorcier", "Ernelinde", "Tom Jones", "Themistocle" a me "Persee".

ʻO ka hiki ʻana mai o ke Kipi Nui Farani i koi aku iā Philidor e haʻalele i kona ʻāina makua a koho iā ʻEnelani i puʻuhonua nona. Ma ʻaneʻi i ola ai ka mea nāna i hana i ke mele mele Farani i kona mau lā hope loa. Ua hiki mai ka make ma Ladana i ka makahiki 1795.

ʻO Viktor Kashirnikov