Pgal cadence |

Pgal cadence (Late Latin plagalis, mai Greek plagios - lateral, indirect) - kekahi o nā ʻano o ka cadence (1), i hōʻike ʻia e ke aʻo ʻana i nā harmonies S a me T (IV-I, II65-I, VII43-I, etc.); kūʻē i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. cadence (D - T) as the main, main. ʻano ʻano. Aia ka piha (S – T) a me ka hapalua (T – S) P. i. Ma ka normative P. i. aia ka leo o ka tonic hoʻonā (a i ʻole) i ka harmoni S a ʻaʻole ia he leo hou i ka hoʻokomo ʻana o T; pili me keia e hoike. ke ano o P. i. ua hoʻopalupalu ʻia, me he mea lā he hana kū ʻole (e kūʻē i ka cadence ʻoiaʻiʻo, i hōʻike ʻia e kahi ʻano pololei, hāmama, ʻoi). I ka manawa pinepine o P. i. ua hoʻohana ʻia ma hope o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ke ʻano he ʻoiaʻiʻo a ma ka manawa like me ka hoʻohui ʻana ("Offertorium" ma Mozart's Requiem).

ʻO ka hua'ōlelo "P. i.” e hoʻi i nā inoa o ka Middle Ages. frets (ʻo nā huaʻōlelo plagii, plagioi, plagi i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā kenekulia 8-9 i nā kuʻikahi o Alcuin a me Aurelian). ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka huaʻōlelo mai ke ʻano a hiki i ka cadence he kūpono wale nō i ka wā e puʻunaue ai i nā cadences i nā mea nui a me nā mea nui ʻole, akā ʻaʻole i ka wā e hoʻoholo ai i nā palapala kikoʻī (V - I = ʻoiaʻiʻo, IV - I = plug), no ka mea ma ka plagal Middle Ages. frets (no ka laʻana, ma ka II leo, me ka iwi iwi: A - d - a) ʻaʻole ke kikowaena ka leo haʻahaʻa (A), akā ʻo ka finalis (d), e pili ana iā Krom, i ka hapa nui o nā ʻano plagal ʻaʻohe. ʻAʻole kūpaʻa ka hapaha luna (e nānā i ka systematics frets na G. Zarlino, "Le istitutioni harmoniche", māhele IV, mokuna 10-13).

E like me ke akamai. ke ano o P. i. ua paʻa i ka hopena o ka nui-pahuhopu. ke hoʻokani nei nā mele i ka pau ʻana o ka crystallization. ka huli ʻana (i ka manawa like me ka cadence ʻoiaʻiʻo). No laila, pau ka motet o ka wā kahiko ars "Qui d'amours" (mai ka Montpellier Codex) me P. k.:

f — gf — c

I ke kenekulia 14 P. i. hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena. ʻO ka huli ʻana, aia kekahi kala, expressiveness (G. de Machaux, 4th a me 32nd ballads, 4th rondo). Mai ka waena o ke kenekulia 15 P. a hiki i. lilo ia (me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo) i hoʻokahi o nā ʻano mea nui ʻelua o ka harmonics. nā hopena. P. i. ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻamau i nā hopena o ka polyphonic. nā haku mele o ka Renaissance, ma kahi kokoke i Palestrina (e nānā, no ka laʻana, nā cadences hope loa ʻo Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Agnus Dei o ka Mass of Pope Marcello); no laila ka inoa ʻē aʻe ʻo P. k. – “Kadenza ekalesia”. Ma hope (ʻoi loa i nā kenekulia 17 a me 18) P. i. ma ke ano. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ke ana e ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo a ma ke ʻano he ana hope loa ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma mua o ke kenekulia 16. (no ka laʻana, ka hopena o ka pauku leo ​​o ka aria "Es ist vollbracht" mai ka cantata 159 na JS Bach).

I ke kenekulia 19 ka waiwai o P. i. mahuahua. Ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻo L. Beethoven iā ia. Ua kuhikuhi pololei ʻo VV Stasov i nā hana o "ka manawa Beethoven hope ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke ʻike i ka hana koʻikoʻi i hoʻokani ʻia e nā "plagal cadences"". Ma kēia mau ʻano, ʻike ʻo ia i "ka pilina nui a pili pū me nā mea i hoʻopiha i kona ʻuhane (Beethoven). Ua huki ʻo Stasov i ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o P. i. i ke mele o ka hanauna hou o ka haku mele (F. Chopin a me na mea e ae). P. k. Ua loaʻa iā MI Glinka ka mea koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia ka mea noʻonoʻo i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā palapala plagal no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻāpana nui o nā hana operatic. ʻO ka tonic ma mua o ka VI haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ka hopena o ka hana mua o ka opera Ruslan a me Lyudmila), a me ka pae IV (Susanin's aria), a me ka pae II (ka hopena o ka hana 1nd o ka opera Ivan Susanin) , etc. plagal phrases (choir of the Poles in act 2 of the same opera). Hōʻike. ke ano o P. i. Hele pinepine ʻo Glinka mai ka thematic. intonations (ka hopena o ka "Persian Choir" ma ka opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila") aiʻole mai ka holomua o nā harmonies, i hoʻohuiʻia e ka hui o ka neʻeʻana (ka hoʻokomoʻana i ka aria a Ruslan ma ka opera hoʻokahi).

I loko o ka plagality o ka lokahi o Glinka, ua ʻike ʻo VO Berkov i "nā ʻano a me nā hopena o ka lokahi o nā mele ʻōiwi Lūkini a me ka romanticism Western." A ma ka hana o Rusia ma hope. Classics, plagality ua pili pinepine me ka intonations o Lūkini. mele, kala kala kala. Ma waena o nā hiʻohiʻona hōʻikeʻike,ʻo ia ka papa mele o nā kama'āina a me ka papa mele o nā boyars "No mākou, ke kamāliʻiwahine,ʻaʻole no ka manawa mua" mai ka opera "Prince Igor" na Borodin; ka pau ʻana o ka mele a Varlaam "E like me ia ma ke kūlanakauhale ma Kazan" mai ka opera "Boris Godunov" na Mussorgsky me ke kaʻina o II haʻahaʻa - I nā wāwae a me kahi harmonica wiwo ʻole. huli: V haʻahaʻa - Ke hele nei au i ka papa mele "Dispersed, cleared" mai ka opera hoʻokahi; ʻO ke mele a Sadko "ʻAe, e ka nahele ʻoka ʻeleʻele" mai ka opera "Sadko" na Rimsky-Korsakov, nā mele ma mua o ka piholo ʻana o Kitezh i kāna mele ponoʻī "The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh".

Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi leo hoʻolauna i nā chord ma mua o ka tonic, i ka hihia hope, ua kū mai kahi hui like ʻole o ka plagality a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Hoʻi kēia ʻano i ka P. k. kahiko, ʻo ia ka holomua o ka terzquartaccord o ka XNUMXth degere a me ka triad o ka XNUMXst degere me ka neʻe ʻana o ka leo hoʻolauna i ka tonic.

Ua hoʻomohala hou ʻia nā mea hoʻokō Lūkini ma ke kahua o ka plagality i ke mele o ko lākou mau hope - nā pueo. haku mele. ʻO ka mea nui, ua hoʻonui nui ʻo SS Prokofiev i ka chord i nā hopena plagal, no ka laʻana. ma Andante caloroso mai ka sonata 7 no ka piano.

ʻO ka pōʻai o P. to. hoʻomau ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻia a hoʻomohala ʻia i nā mele hou loa, ʻaʻole e nalowale i ka hoʻopā ʻana me ka classical. ʻano harmonic. hana hana.

E hoʻomaopopo ': Stasov VV, Lber einige neue Form der heutigen Musik, “NZfM”, 1858, No 1-4; pela no ma Rusia. lang. ma lalo o ke poʻo inoa: Ma kekahi mau ʻano mele hou, Sobr. soch., v. 3, St. Petersburg, 1894; Berkov VO, Glinka's Harmony, M.-L., 1948; ʻO Traambitsky VN, Pgality a me nā pili pili i ka lokahi mele Lūkini, ma: Nīnau o Musicology, vol. 2, M., 1955. See also lit. ma lalo o nā ʻatikala Authentic Cadence, Harmony, Cadence (1).

V. V. Protopopov, Yu. ʻAe. Kholopov