ʻO Vyacheslav Ivanovich Suk (Suk, Vyacheslav) |

Suk, Vyacheslav

People's Artist of the RSFSR (1925). "Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani pila i hoʻomaka i ka hana ma lalo o PI Tchaikovsky a me NA Rimsky-Korsakov a hana pū me lākou, ua lawe nui ʻo VI mai kēia mau haku. ʻO ia iho he mea hoʻokani pila o ke koʻikoʻi. Ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi, he haku ʻo ia i ka naʻauao nui, a he kakaikahi kā mākou: ma kēia ʻano hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me Napravnik. Ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i nā koi āpau e hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i kahi alakaʻi o kahi ʻano nui. ʻO VI ke kikowaena o ke ola mele o ka Bolshoi Theatre a me ka mana nui loa: ʻo kāna ʻōlelo ke kānāwai no kēlā me kēia kanaka - "pela ʻo Vyacheslav Ivanovich."

ʻAʻole ia no ka mea ʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻo M. Ippolitov-Ivanov i ka Bitch me Napravnik i kēia mau ʻōlelo. ʻAʻole ʻo ia wale nō ʻo lāua ʻelua, ʻo Czechs e ka lāhui, i loaʻa i kahi ʻāina hou ma Rūsia, ua lilo i mau kiʻi koʻikoʻi o ka moʻomeheu mele Lūkini. Ua'āponoʻia kēia hoʻohālikelike no ka meaʻo ka hana a Sook i ke ola o ka Bolshoi Theatre e like me ka hana a Napravnik e pili ana i ka St. Petersburg Mariinsky Theatre. I ka makahiki 1906, hele mai ʻo ia i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Bolshoi a hana ma laila a hiki i kona make ʻana. He mau minuke ma mua o kona make ʻana, ua kūkākūkā ʻo Vyacheslav Ivanovich me kāna mau limahana i nā kikoʻī o ka hana ʻana o The Tale of the Invisible City of Kitezh. Ua hāʻawi ka haku kupaianaha i ka baton o ka lawelawe luhi ʻole i ka hana kiʻi i kahi hanauna hou o nā alakaʻi Soviet.

Ua hele mai ʻo ia i Rūsia ma ke ʻano he violinist solo ma kahi orkestra i alakaʻi ʻia e F. Laub mai Prague, kahi i puka ai ʻo ia mai ka conservatory ma 1879. Mai ia manawa, hoʻomaka kāna hana ma ke kahua mele Lūkini. ʻAʻohe piʻi a me lalo o kāna ʻoihana. Me ka paʻakikī a me ka hoʻomau, ua hoʻokō ʻo ia i nā hana i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, loaʻa ka ʻike. I ka wā mua, ua lawelawe ka mea ʻōpio ma ke ʻano he violinist i ka orchestra o ka opera pilikino Kyiv I. Ya. Setov, a laila ma ka Bolshoi Theatre. Mai ka waena o 80s, hoʻomaka kāna mau hana alakaʻi ma nā kūlanakauhale panalāʻau - Kharkov, Taganrog, Vilna, Minsk, Odessa, Kazan, Saratov; ma Moscow, hoʻokō ʻo Suk i nā hana o ka Hui ʻOpera Italia, ma St. Petersburg ke alakaʻi nei ʻo ia i ka Novaya Opera pilikino. I kēlā manawa, hana pinepine ʻo ia me nā hui orchestral nāwaliwali, akā ma nā wahi āpau ua loaʻa iā ia nā hopena kiʻi koʻikoʻi, me ka wiwo ʻole e hoʻonui i ka repertoire ma ka lilo o nā hana kahiko o nā mele Lūkini a me Western European. ʻOiai i kēlā "kaulana panalāʻau" ua kamaʻāina ʻo Tchaikovsky i ke ʻano o Suk, nāna i kākau e pili ana iā ia i ka makahiki 1888: "Ua kāhāhā maikaʻi wau i ke akamai o kāna bandmaster."

ʻO ka hope loa, i ka makahiki 1906, ua ʻoi aku ka naʻauao ma ka ʻike, ua alakaʻi ʻo Suk i ka Bolshoi Theatre, a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana kiʻi ma aneʻi. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia me "Aida" a ma hope ua huli pinepine ʻo ia i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o nā ʻāina ʻē (e laʻa, nā opera a Wagner, "Carmen"); ʻO kāna papa mele maʻamau, aia ma kahi o kanalima mau opera. Eia naʻe, ua hāʻawi ʻia ke aloha ʻole o ka mea alakaʻi i ka opera Lūkini, a ma luna o nā mea āpau iā Tchaikovsky a me Rimsky-Korsakov. Ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi, ua hoʻokani ʻia ʻo Eugene Onegin, The Queen of Spades, The Snow Maiden, Sadko, May Night, The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh, The Golden Cockerel and other masterpieces of great Russian haku mele. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou i hana mua ʻia ma ka Bolshoi Theatre e Suk.

Ua hiki iā ia ke hoʻomake i ka hui hoʻokani holoʻokoʻa me kona hoihoi. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i kāna hana nui ma ka hoʻololi pololei ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka mea kākau. Ua ʻōlelo pinepine ʻo Suk "ʻo ka mea alakaʻi he unuhi ʻōlelo lokomaikaʻi o ka mea haku mele, ʻaʻole ia he mea hoʻohewa hewa e manaʻo nei ʻoi aku ka ʻike ma mua o ka mea kākau." A hana luhi ʻo Suk i ka hana, hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i kēlā me kēia huaʻōlelo, e hoʻokō i ka hōʻike maikaʻi loa mai ka orkestra, choir, a me nā mele. "ʻO Vyacheslav Ivanovich," wahi a ka mea hoʻokani pila ʻo KA Erdeli, "ua hana mau ʻo ia i nā kikoʻī āpau o nā nuances no ka manawa lōʻihi a paʻakikī, akā i ka manawa like ua nānā ʻo ia i ka hōʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa. I ka wā mua me he mea lā e noho lōʻihi ana ka mea alakaʻi i nā mea liʻiliʻi. Akā, ke hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka hana noʻeau ma ke ʻano paʻa, akaka ke kumu a me nā hopena o ia ʻano hana. ʻO Vyacheslav Ivanovich Suk he kanaka ʻoliʻoli a aloha, he kumu aʻoaʻo koi o ka ʻōpio. Ua noho aliʻi ka lewa o ka hoihoi a me ke aloha i ke mele ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Bolshoi.

Ma hope o ka Great October Revolution, ʻoiai e hoʻomau ana i kāna hana ikaika i ka hale keaka (a ʻaʻole wale i ka Bolshoi, akā i ka Stanislavsky Opera Theatre), ʻo Suk systematically hana ma ke kahua ʻaha mele. A ma ʻaneʻi ua ākea loa ka repertoire o ke alakaʻi. Wahi a ka manaʻo lokahi o kona mau hoa, ʻo ka momi o kāna mau papahana ʻo ia nā symphonies ʻekolu hope loa a Tchaikovsky, a ma luna o nā mea a pau ʻo Pathetique. A i kāna ʻaha mele hope loa i ka lā 6 o Dekemaba, 1932, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia i nā symphonies ʻehā a me ʻeono o ka haku mele Lūkini nui. Ua lawelawe pono ʻo Suk i nā kiʻi mele Lūkini, a ma hope o ka lanakila ʻana o ʻOkakopa ua lilo ʻo ia i hoʻokahi o nā mea hana ikaika o ka moʻomeheu ʻōpio socialist.

Lit.: I. Remezov. VI Suk. M., 1933.

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek